Add Huawei Ascend C toolchain support by wuzhenqing · Pull Request #7510 · xmake-io/xmake

wuzhenqing · 2026-04-27T04:18:13Z

Add toolchain support for Huawei Ascend C — the C++ extension
language for writing custom NPU operators on Ascend AI
processors (Da Vinci architecture). This uses the Bisheng compiler
driver (bisheng) from the CANN (Compute Architecture for
Neural Networks) toolkit.

Fixes #7506

Toolchain (xmake/toolchains/ascendc)

SDK auto-detection via ASCEND_HOME_PATH / ASCEND_TOOLKIT_HOME env vars or --ascendc= config
Host architecture mapping (x86_64, aarch64) to CANN host directories
Unified bisheng compiler driver serving as compiler (asc, aicpu) and linker (ascld, ascsh)
Default flags: -std=c++17, -fPIC, and AI-CPU specific flags

Language (xmake/languages/ascendc)

Two source kinds: .asc (Ascend C kernel) and .aicpu (AI-CPU custom operator)
Three target kinds: binary, static, shared
add_ascnpuarchs("dav-2201") API for NPU architecture selection
Auto-propagation of --npu-arch flags across compile and link stages

Compiler module (xmake/modules/core/tools/bisheng)

Inherits from clang, with extensions for Ascend C source kinds
Flag detection adapted for .asc / .aicpu extensions

Build rules (xmake/rules/ascendc)

ascendc.npuarchs: collects NPU arch from targets/options/toolchains, distributes to ascflags/shflags/ldflags
ascendc.build.asc / ascendc.build.aicpu: batch compilation via jobgraph
utils.inherit.links: automatic link inheritance from dependencies

Tests

tests/projects/ascendc/libs/: static + shared + binary targets with ACL runtime
tests/projects/ascendc/mixed_binary/: mixed .asc + .aicpu compilation
tests/modules/language/ascendc/: check_main entry-point detection unit test
Tests are gated: require Linux host and ASCEND_HOME_PATH environment variable

Usage

add_rules("mode.debug", "mode.release")

target("example")
    set_kind("binary") 
    set_toolchains("ascendc")
    add_files("src/main.asc", "src/kernel.asc")
    add_ascnpuarchs("dav-2201")

xmake f --toolchain=ascendc --ascendc=/usr/local/Ascend/ascend-toolkit/latest
xmake

Verification

Tested on a real Ascend NPU server (CANN 8.5.0, aarch64):

Static library build: ok
Shared library build: ok
Binary (mixed static + shared deps): ok
Runtime (NPU execution): vector_add_demo passed on NPU

gemini-code-assist

Code Review

This pull request introduces support for the Huawei Ascend C (bisheng) toolchain, adding the ascendc language and associated build rules for .asc and .aicpu files. Feedback points out a potential failure in temporary file creation due to invalid characters in filenames and a regex limitation in the main function detection logic.

waruqi · 2026-05-02T14:49:29Z

+    self:set("ascshflags", "-shared")
+    -- default C++ standard and source kind for bisheng compiler driver
+    self:add("ascflags", "-std=c++17", {force = true})
+    self:add("aicpuflags", "-std=c++17", {force = true})


这种不对，应该放到 rules 里去设置 default languages，并且用户如果配置了 set_languages ，应该优先使用，而不是这里写死。

waruqi · 2026-05-02T14:51:30Z

+        target:add("rpathdirs", path.join(hostroot, "lib64"))
+        target:add("rpathdirs", path.join(hostroot, "devlib"))
+        target:add("rpathdirs", path.join(sdkdir, "lib64"))
+        target:add("syslinks", "ascendcl", "acl_rt", "dl")


不对，这种都应该放到 toolchain load 中设置

waruqi · 2026-05-02T14:52:13Z

+        local hostroot = path.join(sdkdir, host_archdir)
+
+        -- aicpu-specific flags (SDK-path-dependent)
+        target:add("aicpuflags", "-O2")


这个不要用 flags ，跟 languages 一样处理，走 set_optimize , 并且用户可覆盖

waruqi · 2026-05-02T14:54:02Z

+    ,   x64 = "x86_64-linux"
+    ,   arm64 = "aarch64-linux"
+    ,   aarch64 = "aarch64-linux"
+    }


没必要三个地方去处理 hostdirs, 统一 check 里处理，load 里通过 toolchain:config 获取 hostroot

waruqi · 2026-05-02T14:54:26Z

+
+    -- check toolchain
+    on_check(function (toolchain)
+        return import("toolchains.ascendc.check", {rootdir = os.programdir()})(toolchain)


还是不同，参考其他工具链

waruqi · 2026-05-02T14:54:32Z

+
+    -- on load
+    on_load(function (toolchain)
+        import("toolchains.ascendc.load", {rootdir = os.programdir()})(toolchain)


Add toolchain, language, rules, and compiler modules for the bisheng compiler driver from CANN (Compute Architecture for Neural Networks) toolkit. Supports .asc (Ascend C kernel) and .aicpu (AI-CPU operator) source kinds with binary/static/shared target types. - Toolchain: SDK auto-detection via ASCEND_HOME_PATH env or --sdk - Compiler: bisheng module inherits from clang, adds add_sourceflags for explicit sourcekind overrides - Rules: ascendc.env (default C++17), npuarchs (--npu-arch), build - Language: check_main detection, add_ascnpuarchs API - Tests: unit tests for check_main, project tests for libs/mixed Fixes xmake-io#7506

waruqi · 2026-05-04T14:34:38Z

+rule("ascendc.env")
+    after_load(function (target)
+        -- set default C++ standard (user can override via set_languages)
+        target:add("languages", "c++17")


不对，要判断用户没有设置时，才去设置它。

waruqi · 2026-05-04T14:36:57Z

+rule("ascendc.env")
+    after_load(function (target)
+        -- set default C++ standard (user can override via set_languages)
+        target:add("languages", "c++17")


另外，没必要搞这么多 rules，参考 c++ rules 的。

还有这个 rule 和 ascendc.npuarchs 都没跟 sourcekinds 绑定，会全局影响所有语言。不应该在这里配置。

waruqi · 2026-05-04T14:39:13Z

+    -- resolve sdkdir: --sdk= > ASCEND_HOME_PATH > ASCEND_TOOLKIT_HOME
+    local sdkroot = toolchain:sdkdir()
+    if not sdkroot then
+        sdkroot = os.getenv("ASCEND_HOME_PATH") or os.getenv("ASCEND_TOOLKIT_HOME")


这里也不对，toolchain:sdkdir 是在 load 里和其他地方用的，check 阶段，toolchain:config("sdkdir") 都还没设置上，不能用 sdkdir 。。

另外应该在 detect.sdks. 里取做 sdk 的 find 逻辑，参考其他的，这里 check 搞得太复杂。

waruqi · 2026-05-04T14:39:49Z

+--
+
+function main(toolchain)
+    local sdkdir = toolchain:config("sdkdir")


load 里就直接用 toolchain:sdkdir() 了

waruqi · 2026-05-04T14:41:33Z

+    toolchain:add("syslinks", "ascendcl", "acl_rt", "dl")
+
+    -- aicpu-specific compiler flags (SDK-path-dependent)
+    toolchain:add("aicpuflags", "-fvisibility-inlines-hidden")


这种不应该在 toolchain 里写死，删了

waruqi · 2026-05-04T14:41:46Z

+    -- aicpu-specific compiler flags (SDK-path-dependent)
+    toolchain:add("aicpuflags", "-fvisibility-inlines-hidden")
+    toolchain:add("aicpuflags", "-D_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=0")
+    toolchain:add("aicpuflags", "-D_GNU_SOURCE")


这些也是

gemini-code-assist Bot reviewed Apr 27, 2026

View reviewed changes

Comment thread xmake/modules/core/tools/bisheng/has_flags.lua Outdated

Comment thread xmake/languages/ascendc/check_main.lua Outdated