chore(ci): reduce Node.js 20 deprecation warnings in workflows

[SipengShen01]

What type of PR is this?
/kind cleanup

What this PR does / why we need it:
This PR reduces dependency on the deprecated Node.js 20 runtime in GitHub Actions workflows, as warned by GitHub. The following changes are made:

• Bump aquasecurity/trivy-action from v0.35.0 (commit hash) to v0.36.0 (tag) to remove Node.js 20 usage.
• Bump softprops/action-gh-release from v2 to v3.0.1 for the same reason.
• Replace a7ul/tar-action@v1.2.0 with a direct tar command (tar -czf crds.tar.gz -C ./charts/karmada crds). The action is no longer maintained and still relies on Node.js 20; the built-in tar command is fully equivalent and removes the external dependency.

The slsa-framework/slsa-github-generator remains at v2.1.0 because that is currently the latest version and still uses Node.js 20 internally.

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:
Fixes #7702

Special notes for your reviewer:
NONE

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?:

NONE

[gemini-code-assist]

Note

Gemini is unable to generate a summary for this pull request due to the file types involved not being currently supported.

[karmada-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is NOT APPROVED

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Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 42.02%. Comparing base (c92348c) to head (ef0934a).
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Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##           release-1.17    #7722      +/-   ##
================================================
+ Coverage         42.01%   42.02%   +0.01%     
================================================
  Files               874      874              
  Lines             53571    53571              
================================================
+ Hits              22508    22515       +7     
+ Misses            29376    29371       -5     
+ Partials           1687     1685       -2     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	42.02% <ø> (+0.01%)	⬆️

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