feat(crash): Rust crash-capture core (panic hook + commands)

[fixcik]

Фаза 1 локального crash-reporting (Refs #687). Чистое Rust-ядро, без UI.

Что внутри

• panic hook (install_panic_hook) — чейнится к дефолтному (вывод в консоль сохраняется), один раз резолвит app_data_dir/crashes и move-захватывает в замыкание, пишет обезличенный crash-record. Сам не паникует (ошибки игнорирует).
• Хранилище — <seq>.json в app_data/crashes (переживает очистку кеша): запись (seq id = max+1), чтение с сортировкой по id, пометка reported/dismissed.
• Редакция путей — абсолютная домашняя папка → /Users/<user>; относительные source-пути остаются. Применяется при записи, чтобы в публичный issue не утекли локальные пути.
• 5 Tauri-команд — list_pending_crashes, report_frontend_crash, mark_crash_reported, dismiss_crash, build_crash_report (собирает обезличенный markdown, обрезает backtrace под лимит URL GitHub).

Тесты

cargo test -- crash:: — 4 теста (редакция путей ×3, round-trip storage). clippy -D warnings чисто.

Дальше (отдельными PR)

• Фаза 2 — frontend-захват (ErrorBoundary + window.onerror + breadcrumb).
• Фаза 3 — UX отправки (старт-промпт, пункт меню, tauri-plugin-opener, i18n).

Дизайн и план — в docs/superpowers/ (локально).

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Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between a4b79fd and 2d4c000.

📒 Files selected for processing (3)

• cuprum-ui/src-tauri/src/commands/crash.rs
• cuprum-ui/src-tauri/src/commands/mod.rs
• cuprum-ui/src-tauri/src/main.rs

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