feat(core): add Application.run() to invoke registered commands programmatically

[bedus-creation]

Summary

Adds a public run() method to the core Application class that executes an already-registered console command by name from Python code — a programmatic API, not a new artisan CLI command. Returns the command's exit code.

app.run("db:migrate")
app.run("db:seed", "--force")
app.run("db:seed", ["--force"])   # list args also accepted

Implementation

• Application.run(command: str, args: str | list[str] | None = None) -> int in application.py.
• Reuses existing console wiring: mirrors handle_command() by booting ConsoleApplication(self).
• Dispatches via Cleo with a constructed StringInput (no sys.argv), and disables auto_exit so the exit code is returned instead of terminating the host process.
• args accepts a string or a list/tuple (joined with shlex.join); None runs the command with no extra arguments.

Tests

tests/console/test_application_run.py — registers a dummy command on a fresh Application and covers:

• zero exit code returned
• non-zero exit code propagated
• no-args invocation
• string args forwarding ("hello --force")
• list args forwarding (["hello", "--force"])

The fixture restores the previous container singleton on teardown. All 5 pass; console/core/serve suites (144 tests) remain green. Verified end-to-end against the real provider:publish command.

Context

Supersedes the closed PR #143, which added a CLI run command — the wrong interpretation. This delivers the intended programmatic API instead.

[bedus-creation]

Code Review verdict: APPROVE (posting as a comment — GitHub blocks formal self-approval since the authenticated account authored this PR). Verified locally on branch task/application-run-method.

This is the correct deliverable (programmatic Application.run(), superseding the CLI-command approach in #143).

Review against the requested dimensions:

1. Clean addition reusing console wiring (mirrors handle_command) ✅ — run() builds ConsoleApplication(self) exactly like handle_command(), then dispatches via Cleo with an explicit StringInput (no sys.argv).
2. No unintended core abstraction changes ✅ — purely additive: one import shlex + one new method in application.py. No existing lines modified; no Container/Provider/Model changes.
3. Correct auto_exit handling ✅ — console.auto_exits(False) is the correct Cleo API; verified the exit code is returned, not sys.exit-ed.
4. Catchable unknown-command error ✅ — app.run("does:not:exist") renders a clean Cleo error and returns exit code 1; no SystemExit, host process not terminated. Verified empirically.
5. Meaningful tests ✅ — 5 tests (zero exit, non-zero propagation, no-args, string args, list args); fixture restores the previous Container singleton on teardown. All pass; full console+core suite (126 tests) green; ruff clean.
6. Focused diff ✅ — 3 files, no uv.lock, no version bumps.

Non-blocking nit (optional): consider one test pinning the unknown-command path (returns non-zero, no SystemExit), since that's currently verified only manually.

Holding merge until Console QA reports PASS on task #481, per PM.