GH-50140: [C++][Gandiva] Fix castVARCHAR(decimal128) native memory corruption / SIGSEGV on allocation failure - #50141

GH-50140: [C++][Gandiva] Fix castVARCHAR(decimal128) native memory corruption / SIGSEGV on allocation failure#50141

kou merged 3 commits into

apache:mainapache/arrow:mainfrom

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