feat(dev/release): verify binary JARs on Windows

[lidavidm]

• Add a skeleton for binary verification
• Add options (like the Unix script) to control what to verify
• Add Java JAR verification by testing a minimal Maven project

On a Windows VM I've used the 24 RC1 artifacts (which are still
present) to validate that the test fails as expected.

This is intentionally minimal. It can be extended for other
platforms and binaries next.

Part of #682.
Part of #4583.

Assisted-by: GPT 5.6 Sol codex@openai.com

[lidavidm]

That said, even with LLMs, I'm still tempted to declare that verification will require Python and just unify the verification scripts across platforms rather than maintain both PowerShell and Bash versions.

[lidavidm]

I'll fix this separately. #4639

> if (!requireNamespace("testthat", quietly = TRUE)) install.packages("testthat", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")
> 
+ R CMD INSTALL /tmp/arrow-adbc-1.13.0.Zr0E8/apache-arrow-adbc-1.13.0/r/adbcdrivermanager --preclean --library=/tmp/arrow-adbc-1.13.0.Zr0E8/r/tmplib
* installing *source* package ‘adbcdrivermanager’ ...
** this is package ‘adbcdrivermanager’ version ‘0.24.0.9000’
** using staged installation
Running bootstrap.R...
** libs
Error: C++20 standard requested but CXX20 is not defined
* removing ‘/tmp/arrow-adbc-1.13.0.Zr0E8/r/tmplib/adbcdrivermanager’
+ cleanup
+ chmod -R u+w /tmp/arrow-adbc-1.13.0.Zr0E8
+ '[' no = yes ']'
Failed to verify release candidate. See /tmp/arrow-adbc-1.13.0.Zr0E8 for details.
+ echo 'Failed to verify release candidate. See /tmp/arrow-adbc-1.13.0.Zr0E8 for details.'

[amoeba]

I'm supportive of having a single bash script for all paltforms. The deps we need on Windows are pretty easy to acquire.