Block Bindings: Add block_bindings_supported_attributes filter

[ockham]

Add a block-agnostic version of the block_bindings_supported_attributes_{$block_type} filter (first introduced by [60611]/#9392)

This will allow adding block bindings support for attributes of multiple different blocks in one go.

See WordPress/gutenberg#71662 (comment).

Trac ticket: https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/62090

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[github-actions]

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[github-actions]

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[ockham]

Committed to Core in https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/60790.