Few Interview Questions: Q) How do you handle alerts, popups, and iframes? Alerts: Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert(); alert.accept(); alert.dismiss(); String text = alert.getText();

Iframe: driver.switchTo().frame("frame1"); driver.findElement(...); driver.switchTo().defaultContent();

Browser Popup/New Window String parent = driver.getWindowHandle(); for(String window : driver.getWindowHandles()){ driver.switchTo().window(window); }

Q) Different waits in Selenium – when to use implicit, explicit, or fluent waits Implicit Wait: driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(10));

Applies globally.

Explicit Wait: WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10)); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOf(element));

Fluent Wait: FluentWait wait = new FluentWait<>(driver) .withTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20)) .pollingEvery(Duration.ofSeconds(2)) .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);

Used for highly dynamic elements.

Interview Answer "Explicit wait is my primary choice because it waits for specific conditions and avoids unnecessary delays."