Vertiport BigraphER Model for Pad Capacity analysis

What is Capacity ?

Capacity/Throughput (flights/hour) is the number of flight operations (each landing + each take-off counts as one flight operation) completed per hour.

Vertiport Config

Vertiport 1

                     ┌─────────────┐
                     │   Approach      │  
                     └──────┬──────┘
                              │
                        ┌─────▼─────┐ 
            ─────────── │ TLOF      │─────────
           │            │              │    │
           │            └─────┬─────┘    │
           │                                 │
       TaxiwayS1                         TaxiwayS2
           ▲                                 │
           │                                 ▼
           └───────── TaxiwayS3 ─────────────┘
                          │
        ┌─────────┬───────┼
        │         │       │       
   ┌────▼───┐┌────▼──┐┌───▼───┐
   │Stand 1 ││Stand 2││Stand 3│
   └────────┘└───────┘└───────┘

Vertiport 2

                     ┌─────────────┐
                     │   Approach  │  
                     └──────┬──────┘
                              │
                        ┌─────▼─────┐ 
            ─────────── │ TLOF      │─────────
           │            │           │        │
           │            └─────┬─────┘        │
           │                                 │
       TaxiwayS1                         TaxiwayS2
           ▲                                 │
           │                                 ▼
           └───────── TaxiwayS3 ─────────────┘
                          │
        ┌─────────┬───────┼───────┬
        │         │       │       │  
   ┌────▼───┐┌────▼──┐┌───▼───┐┌──▼────┐
   │Stand 1 ││Stand 2││Stand 3││Stand 4│
   └────────┘└───────┘└───────┘└───────┘

Vertiport 3

                     ┌─────────────┐
                     │   Approach      │ 
                     └──────┬──────┘
                            │
           ┌────────────────┴────────────────┐
           │                  │ 
     ┌─────▼─────┐                     ┌─────▼─────┐
     │ SmallTLOF │◄───  TaxiwayS2  ───►│ LargeTLOF │
     │     └─────┬─────┘                     └─────┬─────┘
           │                                 │
       TaxiwayS1                         TaxiwayS3
           ▲                                 │
           │                                 ▼
           └───────── TaxiwayS4 ─────────────┘
                          │
        ┌─────────┬───────┼───────┬
        │         │       │       │  
   ┌────▼───┐┌────▼──┐┌───▼───┐┌──▼────┐
   │Stand 1 ││Stand 2││Stand 3││Stand 4│
   └────────┘└───────┘└───────┘└───────┘

Open-arrival V1/V2

Vertiport_V1_Open_SBrs.big and Vertiport_V2_Open_SBrs.big implement a truncated M/M/c/K system. External arrivals occur with rate arr_rate into Approach.AppN(a) until the approach queue reaches k_app; when full, arrivals are blocked/lost. Departures leave the system instead of recycling to approach.

The open models use the same service rates as the saturated V1/V2 models, so the comparison isolates the demand assumption:

• saturated closed loop: maximum sustainable capacity under always-present demand;
• open M/M/c/K: throughput, blocking probability, and delay under offered load arr_rate.

The open model includes a practical anti-gridlock gate: landing is allowed only when the inbound taxi counter has spare capacity, so an aircraft does not occupy the pad if it cannot vacate into the finite taxi queue.

Run

Manual Run

e.g.

bigrapher full \
  -c n_evtol=3 \
  -M 200000 \
  -p capa_3.tra \
  -l capa_3.csl \
  -r capa_3.rews \
  Vertiport_V1_1TLOF_3Stand_SBrs.big

• n_evtol=3,4,5.

Copy queries you would like to check from Queries.props to capa_3.csl.

prism -importtrans capa_3.tra capa_3.csl \
      -importstaterewards capa_3.rews \
      -ctmc \
      -prop 1 \
      -gs -maxiters 2000000

OPH (flight/hour) = results * 60

Run all pipeline

python3 scripts/run_analysis.py