[qmc] frustration-free: auditable Challenge 148 QMC pilot

[jiangweiqi001]

Summary

• add a standalone Challenge [challenge]: Is the ratio of transverse-field Ising critical points on the triangular and honeycomb lattices exactly √5? #148 QMC solution with canonical lattices, a small-system ED oracle, primary Rust QMC_SSE and independent Julia QMC_LTFIM adapters
• publish the verified 96-cell QMC_SSE methodological pilot, immutable evidence workflow, report figures, and a detailed Chinese progress report
• provide a preregistered paper-geometry 140-cell production path while clearly separating completed evidence from the remaining high-precision ratio verdict

Closes the implementation/reporting phase of Challenge #148. This is intentionally separate from PR #152.

Test plan

• 112 passed, 11 skipped for planning, FSS, Slurm, and provenance-focused Python tests
• skipped provenance integrations are explicitly limited to the ignored .external/challenge-148 source cache on fresh checkouts
• git diff --check passes against current main
• report asset SHA-256 values match the committed report
• refreshed heavy ED–Rust–Julia scientific acceptance and 140-cell production scan remain documented next-stage work; no final sqrt(5) verdict is claimed

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