Update go version, bump direct deps to latest minor/patch, address supply chain security alert, remove unused pipeline yml, configure dependabot

[gerrytan]

Summary

• Bump the module to Go 1.25.10 and bump all direct dependencies to latest minor/patch semver
• Remove the unused Azure Pipelines YAML, update the schema pipeline to read the Go version from go.mod, and move the build pool to Ubuntu 24.04, Ubuntu 22 is no longer supported.
• Add Dependabot version update configuration so dependency updates can be kept current automatically.
• Update the Linux packaging Docker image base to Azure Linux to satisfy the supply chain security scanner.

Testing

• Run affected schema update pipeline on the branch, ensure the go version logic is functional: https://dev.azure.com/azclitools/internal/_build/results?buildId=318950&view=logs&s=96ac2280-8cb4-5df5-99de-dd2da759617d (failed with PAT issue, will address in separate work -- at least go version logic is correct)
• Build CLI tool locally, and run aztfmigrate plan against a deployed azapi storage account
• Checked .azdo/azure-pipelines.yml file is not being used by any pipeline

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