diff --git a/.changeset/deep-primitive-entity-tojson.md b/.changeset/deep-primitive-entity-tojson.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df47abf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/deep-primitive-entity-tojson.md
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+'@rineex/ddd': minor
+---
+
+Add `DeepPrimitive<T>` and type-safe `Entity.toJSON()` return types.
+
+- `DeepPrimitive<T>` recursively maps domain values to JSON-safe primitives
+  (`Date` → ISO string, `EntityId` → `value`, `ValueObject` unwrap,
+  arrays/objects)
+- `EntityJson<ID, Props>` is the structural shape returned by `toJSON()`
+- `Entity.toJSON()` is typed as `EntityJson<ID, Props>` instead of
+  `Record<string, unknown>`
diff --git a/packages/ddd/src/domain/entities/entity.ts b/packages/ddd/src/domain/entities/entity.ts
index cddea9c..9af842f 100644
--- a/packages/ddd/src/domain/entities/entity.ts
+++ b/packages/ddd/src/domain/entities/entity.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { deepFreeze } from '@/utils';
 
 import { DeepImmutable } from '../types/deep-immutable.type';
-import { EntityId } from '../types';
+import { EntityId, EntityJson } from '../types';
 
 // export type Immutable<T> = {
 //   readonly [K in keyof T]: Immutable<T[K]>;
@@ -108,12 +108,12 @@ export abstract class Entity<ID extends EntityId, Props> {
   /**
    * Converts the entity to a plain JSON-safe object with primitive values.
    */
-  public toJSON(): Record<string, unknown> {
+  public toJSON(): EntityJson<ID, Props> {
     return Entity.normalize({
       ...this.#props,
       createdAt: this.createdAt,
       id: this.id.value,
-    }) as Record<string, unknown>;
+    }) as EntityJson<ID, Props>;
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/packages/ddd/src/domain/types/__tests__/deep-primitive.test-d.ts b/packages/ddd/src/domain/types/__tests__/deep-primitive.test-d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..76230cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/ddd/src/domain/types/__tests__/deep-primitive.test-d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/* eslint-disable vitest/require-hook */
+import { expectAssignable, expectType } from 'tsd';
+
+import { DomainID } from '@/domain/value-objects/domain-id.vo';
+
+import type { DeepPrimitive, EntityJson } from '../deep-primitive.type';
+import type { EntityProps } from '../../entities/entity';
+import type { EntityId } from '../entity-id.type';
+import { Entity } from '../../entities/entity';
+import { ValueObject } from '../../base/vo';
+
+function prim<T>(): DeepPrimitive<T> {
+  return undefined as unknown as DeepPrimitive<T>;
+}
+
+// --- Primitives remain as-is ---
+expectType<string>(prim<string>());
+expectType<number>(prim<number>());
+expectType<boolean>(prim<boolean>());
+expectType<null>(prim<null>());
+expectType<undefined>(prim<undefined>());
+
+// --- Non-JSON primitives become string ---
+expectType<string>(prim<symbol>());
+expectType<string>(prim<() => void>());
+
+// --- Date → ISO string ---
+expectType<string>(prim<Date>());
+
+// --- EntityId → primitive ---
+expectType<string>(prim<DomainID>());
+
+// --- Arrays recurse ---
+expectType<string[]>(prim<Date[]>());
+expectType<number[]>(prim<number[]>());
+expectAssignable<{ name: string; age: number }[]>(
+  prim<{ name: string; age: number }[]>(),
+);
+
+// --- Plain objects recurse ---
+expectAssignable<{ a: number; b: string }>(prim<{ a: number; b: string }>());
+expectAssignable<{
+  id: number;
+  nested: { name: string };
+}>(prim<{ id: number; nested: { name: string } }>());
+
+// --- Date fields in objects become string ---
+expectAssignable<{ createdAt: string; name: string }>(
+  prim<{ createdAt: Date; name: string }>(),
+);
+
+// --- ValueObject unwraps to deep primitive of props ---
+class Email extends ValueObject<{ address: string }> {
+  protected validate(): void {}
+}
+expectAssignable<{ address: string }>(prim<Email>());
+
+// --- toJSON hook ---
+class JsonSerializable {
+  toJSON(): { value: number } {
+    return { value: 1 };
+  }
+}
+expectAssignable<{ value: number }>(prim<JsonSerializable>());
+
+// --- Map / Set → empty object ---
+expectType<Record<string, never>>(prim<Map<string, number>>());
+expectType<Record<string, never>>(prim<Set<number>>());
+
+// --- Class without toJSON → empty object ---
+class PlainClass {
+  constructor(private readonly id: string) {}
+}
+expectType<{}>(prim<PlainClass>());
+
+// --- EntityJson shape ---
+interface UserProps {
+  name: string;
+  email: string;
+}
+
+type UserJson = EntityJson<DomainID, UserProps>;
+expectAssignable<{
+  name: string;
+  email: string;
+  createdAt: string;
+  id: string;
+}>(undefined as unknown as UserJson);
+
+// --- Entity.toJSON() returns structural type, not Record ---
+class User extends Entity<DomainID, UserProps> {
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-useless-constructor
+  constructor(params: EntityProps<DomainID, UserProps>) {
+    super(params);
+  }
+
+  public toObject(): Record<string, unknown> {
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  public validate(): void {}
+}
+
+declare const user: User;
+const json = user.toJSON();
+
+expectType<string>(json.name);
+expectType<string>(json.email);
+expectType<string>(json.createdAt);
+expectType<string>(json.id);
+
+expectAssignable<{
+  name: string;
+  email: string;
+  createdAt: string;
+  id: string;
+}>(json);
+
+// Structural keys are known — not erased to Record<string, unknown>
+function acceptUserJson(value: {
+  name: string;
+  email: string;
+  createdAt: string;
+  id: string;
+}): void {}
+acceptUserJson(json);
+
+// EntityId interface value type
+interface TestId extends EntityId {
+  readonly value: string;
+}
+expectType<string>(prim<TestId>());
diff --git a/packages/ddd/src/domain/types/deep-primitive.type.ts b/packages/ddd/src/domain/types/deep-primitive.type.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e1ac55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/ddd/src/domain/types/deep-primitive.type.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import type { ValueObject } from '../base/vo';
+
+import type { EntityId } from './entity-id.type';
+
+type JsonPrimitive = boolean | number | string;
+
+type JsonIdValue<T> = T extends string
+  ? string
+  : T extends number
+    ? number
+    : T extends boolean
+      ? boolean
+      : DeepPrimitive<T>;
+
+/**
+ * Recursively maps T to JSON-safe primitive values.
+ * Mirrors {@link Entity.normalize} runtime behavior.
+ */
+export type DeepPrimitive<T> = T extends null
+  ? null
+  : T extends undefined
+    ? undefined
+    : T extends JsonPrimitive
+      ? T
+      : T extends string
+        ? string
+        : T extends number
+          ? number
+          : T extends boolean
+            ? boolean
+            : T extends Date
+              ? string
+              : T extends bigint | symbol
+                ? string
+                : T extends (...args: any[]) => any
+                  ? string
+                  : T extends EntityId
+                    ? JsonIdValue<T['value']>
+                    : T extends ValueObject<infer P>
+                      ? DeepPrimitive<P>
+                      : T extends { toJSON: () => infer J }
+                        ? DeepPrimitive<J>
+                        : T extends readonly (infer U)[]
+                          ? DeepPrimitive<U>[]
+                          : T extends Map<any, any> | Set<any>
+                            ? Record<string, never>
+                            : T extends object
+                              ? { [K in keyof T]: DeepPrimitive<T[K]> }
+                              : string;
+
+/**
+ * JSON-safe shape returned by {@link Entity.toJSON}.
+ */
+export type EntityJson<ID extends EntityId, Props> = DeepPrimitive<Props> & {
+  createdAt: string;
+  id: JsonIdValue<ID['value']>;
+};
diff --git a/packages/ddd/src/domain/types/index.ts b/packages/ddd/src/domain/types/index.ts
index c6edc32..8f3a215 100644
--- a/packages/ddd/src/domain/types/index.ts
+++ b/packages/ddd/src/domain/types/index.ts
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+export * from './deep-primitive.type';
 export * from './entity-id.type';
 export * from './mapper.type';