diff --git a/src/agents/function_schema.py b/src/agents/function_schema.py
index 8fe52df320..93e5deccc3 100644
--- a/src/agents/function_schema.py
+++ b/src/agents/function_schema.py
@@ -318,7 +318,19 @@ def function_schema(
     #   field_name -> (type_annotation, default_value_or_Field(...))
     fields: dict[str, Any] = {}
 
+    # Pydantic's create_model() treats certain names as model-level configuration
+    # keys rather than fields (e.g. 'model_config', 'model_fields').  Passing
+    # a FieldInfo for those names causes a TypeError deep inside Pydantic, so
+    # we reject them early with a clear message.
+    _PYDANTIC_RESERVED_NAMES = {"model_config", "model_fields", "model_computed_fields"}
+
     for name, param in filtered_params:
+        if name in _PYDANTIC_RESERVED_NAMES:
+            raise UserError(
+                f"Function '{func.__name__}' has a parameter named '{name}', which is reserved "
+                f"by Pydantic and cannot be used as a tool parameter name. "
+                f"Please rename the parameter."
+            )
         ann = type_hints.get(name, param.annotation)
         default = param.default
 
diff --git a/tests/test_function_schema.py b/tests/test_function_schema.py
index 9771bda99d..f749de2166 100644
--- a/tests/test_function_schema.py
+++ b/tests/test_function_schema.py
@@ -885,3 +885,13 @@ def func_with_annotated_multiple_field_constraints(
 
     with pytest.raises(ValidationError):  # zero factor
         fs.params_pydantic_model(**{"score": 50, "factor": 0.0})
+
+
+def test_pydantic_reserved_param_name_raises_user_error():
+    """Parameters named 'model_config' (or other Pydantic reserved names) must raise UserError."""
+
+    def func_with_reserved(model_config: str) -> str:
+        return model_config
+
+    with pytest.raises(UserError, match="reserved by Pydantic"):
+        function_schema(func_with_reserved)