diff --git a/ontology/graphs/rostam-haft-khan.ttl b/ontology/graphs/rostam-haft-khan.ttl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e94f981 --- /dev/null +++ b/ontology/graphs/rostam-haft-khan.ttl @@ -0,0 +1,334 @@ +@base . +@prefix monomyth: . +@prefix dcterms: . +@prefix owl: . +@prefix rdfs: . +@prefix schema: . +@prefix wd: . + +# ============================================================================== +# ROSTAM AND THE SEVEN LABORS (Shahnameh) +# ============================================================================== + + a monomyth:NarrativeWork, schema:CreativeWork ; + rdfs:label "Rostam and the Seven Labors (Haft Khan)"@en ; + dcterms:title "Rostam and the Seven Labors"@en ; + dcterms:creator "Ferdowsi" ; + schema:countryOfOrigin wd:Q794 ; + schema:genre "Epic"@en, "Mythology"@en ; + owl:sameAs wd:Q4119480 ; + monomyth:interpretedBy ; + rdfs:comment """A central episode in the Shahnameh where Rostam undertakes seven extraordinary labors (Haft Khan) to rescue King Kay Kavus from the White Demon in Mazandaran."""@en . + +# --- Monomyth Expression ------------------------------------------------------- + + a monomyth:MonomythExpression ; + rdfs:label "Rostam's Hero's Journey (19-Step Chronology)"@en ; + monomyth:interprets ; + monomyth:hasHero ; + monomyth:hasCharacter + , , + , , + , , + ; + monomyth:hasStageRealization + , , + , , + , , + , , + , , + , , + , , + , , + , , + . + +# --- Characters --------------------------------------------------------------- + + a monomyth:Character ; + rdfs:label "Rostam"@en ; + monomyth:embodiesArchetype monomyth:Hero ; + monomyth:heroOf ; + monomyth:characterOf ; + owl:sameAs wd:Q60062 . + + a monomyth:Character ; + rdfs:label "Rakhsh"@en ; + monomyth:embodiesArchetype monomyth:Ally ; + monomyth:characterOf ; + owl:sameAs wd:Q630911 . + + a monomyth:Character ; + rdfs:label "Zal"@en ; + monomyth:embodiesArchetype monomyth:Mentor ; + monomyth:characterOf ; + owl:sameAs wd:Q144903 . + + a monomyth:Character ; + rdfs:label "Kay Kavus"@en ; + monomyth:characterOf ; + owl:sameAs wd:Q1338913 . + + a monomyth:Character ; + rdfs:label "The White Demon (Div-e Sepid)"@en ; + monomyth:characterOf ; + monomyth:embodiesArchetype monomyth:Shadow ; + owl:sameAs wd:Q1632732 . + + a monomyth:Character ; + rdfs:label "Olad Deev"@en ; + monomyth:embodiesArchetype monomyth:Shapeshifter, monomyth:Ally, monomyth:Herald ; + monomyth:characterOf ; + rdfs:comment "A demon champion who transitions from Shadow to Ally after being conquered."@en . + + a monomyth:Character ; + rdfs:label "The Sorceress"@en ; + monomyth:embodiesArchetype monomyth:Shapeshifter, monomyth:Shadow ; + monomyth:characterOf ; + owl:sameAs wd:Q1616828 . + + +# --- Stage Realizations ------------------------------------------------------- + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 1 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:TheCallToAdventure ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:PerfectFit ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """After the death of King Kay Qobad, the greedy King Kay Kavus +takes the throne. A demon singer sent by Ahriman lulls him with songs of Mazandaran's beauty, +prompting Kavus to invade. The invasion ends in disaster when the White Demon rains stones +on the army and strikes them blind with sorcery. Imprisoned in a pit, Kavus smuggles a +letter to Zal, begging for Rostam to come and save the army and the crown."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 2 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:RefusalOfTheCall ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:AbsentFit ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """The narrative contains no hesitation or refusal. +Rostam, already a fully realized epic hero, responds immediately to the Shah's plea. +His choice of the more dangerous 'Short Path' reinforces that the story prioritizes heroic duty and action over psychological conflict, making refusal structurally incompatible with the narrative."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 3 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:SupernaturalAid ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:StrongFit ; + monomyth:hasNarrativeDivergence ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Zal provides Rostam with his heavy mace and leopard-skin +armor (Babr-e Bayan) which is invulnerable to fire and water. Most importantly, Rostam +is aided by his legendary steed, Rakhsh, a horse of incredible strength and intelligence +who can kill lions and fight alongside his master."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 4 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:TheCrossingOfTheFirstThreshold ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:PerfectFit ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Rostam leaves the Iranian court and enters the borderlands +of Mazandaran. By choosing the 'Short Path' beset with baleful things, he moves away +from the safe world into a land of sorcery. Rakhsh gallops so fast that the ground +vanishes beneath them, covering a two-day journey in twelve hours."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 5 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:TheBellyOfTheWhale ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:ModerateFit ; + monomyth:hasSemioticDivergence ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Exhausted, Rostam makes a couch among the reeds to sleep, +unaware that he has laid down in the lair of a fierce lion. This moment of deep, +unprotected slumber in the heart of enemy territory represents his total immersion +in the danger of Mazandaran, where his human awareness is completely suspended."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 6 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:TheRoadOfTrials ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:StrongFit ; + monomyth:hasSemioticDivergence ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Labor 1: While Rostam sleeps, a lion attacks. Rakhsh +independently fights and kills the beast by stomping its head and biting its neck. +Labor 2: Rostam collapses in the desert from thirst; after he prays, a fat wild ram +appears, and he follows it to a hidden spring. Labor 3: An eighty-foot dragon attacks +his camp thrice. Initially invisible, God eventually grants Rostam light to see the +beast, allowing him to decapitate it while Rakhsh bites its scales."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 7 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:TheMeetingWithTheGoddess ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:AbsentFit ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """The narrative not only lacks a nurturing feminine figure but actively inverts the archetype. The only prominent feminine presence is a demonic sorceress who deceives and attacks Rostam. +This replaces the 'Goddess' as a source of unity or wisdom with a figure of illusion and danger, reflecting the epic’s moral polarity rather than symbolic integration."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 8 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:WomanAsTheTemptress ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:StrongFit ; + monomyth:hasSemioticDivergence ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Labor 4: Rostam finds a magical banquet with wine and a +lyre. He plays and sings of his wanderings. A sorceress disguised as a beautiful damsel +joins him. However, when Rostam offers her wine in the name of the Creator (Ormuzd), +the holy name forces her to reveal her true, hideous form. Rostam lassos the demon-witch +and cleaves her in half with his sword."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 9 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:TheRoadOfTrials ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:StrongFit ; + monomyth:hasSequentialDivergence ; + monomyth:hasNarrativeDivergence ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Labor 5: After Rostam lets Rakhsh graze in a field, the +keeper beats Rostam's feet with a stick. Rostam wakes and tears the man's ears off. +The champion Olad (Aulad) arrives with an army to avenge the keeper. Rostam routs the +army single-handedly, lassos Olad, and binds him, promising him the throne of Mazandaran +if he acts as a guide to find the White Demon's cave."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 10 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:TheRoadOfTrials ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:StrongFit ; + monomyth:hasSequentialDivergence ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Labor 6: Olad leads Rostam to the camp of the demon general +Arzhang. Rostam lets out a roar that shakes the mountains, gallops to Arzhang's tent, +tears the demon out by his hair, and rips his head from his shoulders. He hurls the +severed head at the demon army, causing 12,000 demons to flee in panic."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 11 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:AtonementWithTheFather ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:StrongFit ; + monomyth:hasNarrativeDivergence ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Rostam enters the pit and finds the blind King Kay Kavus. +The King, now desperate and repentant, explains that the only cure for their blindness +is the blood from the heart and liver of the White Demon. Rostam accepts this final +command from his sovereign, setting the stage for the final confrontation."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 12 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:Apotheosis ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:PerfectFit ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Labor 7: Rostam enters the pitch-black cave of the White +Demon at noon when the demons sleep. He awakens the mountain-sized giant and they +wrestle with such force that blood and sweat run like rivers. Rostam prays to God +for strength, lifts the demon, and slams him down, cutting out his liver and heart."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 13 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:TheUltimateBoon ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:PerfectFit ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Rostam returns to the blind Shah and his lords. He +drops the blood of the White Demon's liver into their eyes. Instantly, the sorcery +is broken, and the sight of the King and the entire Iranian army is restored, +granting them the 'elixir' of vision and life."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 14 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:RefusalOfTheReturn ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:AbsentFit ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Rostam shows no hesitation in returning; he views the demon realm of Mazanderan as a land of filth and sorcery. His duty to Iran and the King necessitates an immediate exit to restore the legitimate order at home, leaving no room for a desire to stay in the supernatural realm."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 15 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:TheMagicFlight ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:ModerateFit ; + monomyth:hasNarrativeDivergence ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """The King of Mazandaran refuses to yield and challenges +Rostam. During their duel, the King uses magic to turn his body into an unbreakable +stone. Rostam simply picks up the 'King-Stone' and carries it to camp, threatening +to grind it to dust with his mace until the King is forced to revert to human form."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 16 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:RescueFromWithout ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:AbsentFit ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """As the 'World-Champion,' Rostam is the source of rescue for everyone else; +he is so powerful that there is no external force capable of rescuing him. +His journey out of Mazanderan is secured through his own military might and dominance over the demons."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 17 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:TheCrossingOfTheReturnThreshold ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:PerfectFit ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Rostam and King Kay Kavus return to the Iranian capital, Estakhr. +The crossing of the threshold back into the 'Ordinary World' is a grand celebration; +the populace fills the streets, throwing gold and wine over the heroes to welcome the restoration of the rightful Shah and the return of their champion."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 18 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:MasterOfTheTwoWorlds ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:StrongFit ; + monomyth:hasNarrativeDivergence ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """Rostam fulfills his promise to Olad, giving him the +crown of Mazandaran. By doing so, he establishes order in the land of demons while +returning to Iran as its savior, having mastered the supernatural perils of +Mazandaran and the political duties of the Iranian court."""@en . + + a monomyth:StageRealization ; + monomyth:stageRealizationOrder 19 ; + monomyth:realizesStage monomyth:FreedomToLive ; + monomyth:involvesCharacter , ; + monomyth:hasFitQuality monomyth:PerfectFit ; + monomyth:realizationDescription """The Shah and Rostam return to the capital, Estakhr, +to a hero's welcome of gold and wine. The land is at peace, and Rostam returns +to Sistan, having restored the freedom of his nation and the sight of its King."""@en . + +# --- Divergences -------------------------------------------------------------- + + a monomyth:NarrativeDivergence ; + monomyth:divergenceOf ; + monomyth:divergesFrom monomyth:SupernaturalAid ; + monomyth:divergenceRationale """Aid is provided not only by a mentor but by a sentient animal ally who possesses independent agency and saves the hero multiple times."""@en . + + a monomyth:SemioticDivergence ; + monomyth:divergenceOf ; + monomyth:divergesFrom monomyth:TheBellyOfTheWhale ; + monomyth:divergenceRationale """The 'whale' is not a physical interior but the semiotic state of deep sleep in a predator-filled marshland, marking the threshold of death."""@en . + + a monomyth:SemioticDivergence ; + monomyth:divergenceOf ; + monomyth:divergesFrom monomyth:TheRoadOfTrials ; + monomyth:divergenceRationale """Khan 2 is a trial of faith; victory is delivered via a semiotic sign (the ram) rather than the hero's own strength."""@en . + + a monomyth:SemioticDivergence ; + monomyth:divergenceOf ; + monomyth:divergesFrom monomyth:WomanAsTheTemptress ; + monomyth:divergenceRationale """Temptation is broken through the name of the Creator, framing the stage as an ontological reveal of the demonic rather than a moral struggle."""@en . + + a monomyth:SequentialDivergence ; + monomyth:divergenceOf , ; + monomyth:divergesFrom monomyth:TheRoadOfTrials ; + monomyth:divergenceRationale """The trials recur after the Temptress stage, violating the linear progression assumed in the canonical monomyth."""@en . + + a monomyth:NarrativeDivergence ; + monomyth:divergenceOf ; + monomyth:divergesFrom monomyth:SupernaturalAid ; + monomyth:divergenceRationale """Rostam 'seizes' his guidance from the enemy world by conquering and binding Olad, forcing the Shadow to serve as his Herald."""@en . + + a monomyth:NarrativeDivergence ; + monomyth:divergenceOf ; + monomyth:divergesFrom monomyth:AtonementWithTheFather ; + monomyth:divergenceRationale """The hero does not submit to a powerful father but rescues a blind and foolish one, restoring the authority he has surpassed."""@en . + + a monomyth:NarrativeDivergence ; + monomyth:divergenceOf ; + monomyth:divergesFrom monomyth:TheMagicFlight ; + monomyth:divergenceRationale """The flight is interrupted by the King of Mazandaran's transformation into stone, requiring a demonstration of mastery over both worlds to resolve."""@en . + + a monomyth:NarrativeDivergence ; + monomyth:divergenceOf ; + monomyth:divergesFrom monomyth:MasterOfTheTwoWorlds ; + monomyth:divergenceRationale """Mastery is expressed through the political appointment of a demon-ally (Olad) and the restoration of a human king."""@en .