diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 83f0230..42237f5 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ pnpm-lock.yaml
 *.json
 !config*.json
 !src/components/charts/geo/*.json
+!src/i18n/locales/*.json
 go.mod
 .RData
 .Rhistory
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/db_connections.rs b/src-tauri/src/db_connections.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c70c63d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src-tauri/src/db_connections.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+//! 数据库连接的独立存储表（codeforge.sqlite 中的 db_connections）。
+//! 从 KV 的 sql-connections JSON blob 抽出，便于将来按需扩展/分页/检索。
+
+use crate::execution::get_codeforge_db_path;
+use rusqlite::{Connection, OptionalExtension, params};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::sync::Mutex as StdMutex;
+use tauri::State;
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
+pub struct DbConnection {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub name: String,
+    pub kind: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub file: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub host: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub port: Option<u16>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub user: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub password: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub database: Option<String>,
+}
+
+pub struct DbConnStore {
+    conn: StdMutex<Connection>,
+}
+
+impl DbConnStore {
+    pub fn new() -> Result<Self, String> {
+        let db_path = get_codeforge_db_path()?;
+        let conn = Connection::open(&db_path).map_err(|e| format!("打开数据库失败: {}", e))?;
+        let _ = conn.pragma_update(None, "journal_mode", "WAL");
+        let _ = conn.pragma_update(None, "synchronous", "NORMAL");
+        let _ = conn.busy_timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(5));
+        conn.execute(
+            "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS db_connections (
+                id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+                name TEXT NOT NULL,
+                kind TEXT NOT NULL,
+                file TEXT,
+                host TEXT,
+                port INTEGER,
+                user TEXT,
+                password TEXT,
+                database TEXT,
+                sort_order INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0
+            )",
+            [],
+        )
+        .map_err(|e| format!("初始化连接表失败: {}", e))?;
+        Ok(Self {
+            conn: StdMutex::new(conn),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// 列出全部连接（按 sort_order, name）
+#[tauri::command]
+pub async fn db_connections_list(
+    state: State<'_, DbConnStore>,
+) -> Result<Vec<DbConnection>, String> {
+    let conn = state.conn.lock().map_err(|_| "数据库锁错误".to_string())?;
+    let mut stmt = conn
+        .prepare(
+            "SELECT id, name, kind, file, host, port, user, password, database
+             FROM db_connections ORDER BY sort_order, name",
+        )
+        .map_err(|e| format!("查询连接失败: {}", e))?;
+    let rows = stmt
+        .query_map([], |row| {
+            Ok(DbConnection {
+                id: row.get(0)?,
+                name: row.get(1)?,
+                kind: row.get(2)?,
+                file: row.get(3)?,
+                host: row.get(4)?,
+                port: row.get::<_, Option<i64>>(5)?.map(|v| v as u16),
+                user: row.get(6)?,
+                password: row.get(7)?,
+                database: row.get(8)?,
+            })
+        })
+        .map_err(|e| format!("读取连接失败: {}", e))?;
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+    for r in rows {
+        out.push(r.map_err(|e| format!("读取连接失败: {}", e))?);
+    }
+    Ok(out)
+}
+
+/// 新增或更新一个连接（按 id upsert，更新时保留原有排序）
+#[tauri::command]
+pub async fn db_connection_save(
+    c: DbConnection,
+    state: State<'_, DbConnStore>,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let conn = state.conn.lock().map_err(|_| "数据库锁错误".to_string())?;
+    let exists = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT 1 FROM db_connections WHERE id = ?1",
+            params![c.id],
+            |_| Ok(()),
+        )
+        .optional()
+        .map_err(|e| format!("查询连接失败: {}", e))?
+        .is_some();
+    if exists {
+        conn.execute(
+            "UPDATE db_connections SET name=?2, kind=?3, file=?4, host=?5, port=?6, user=?7, password=?8, database=?9 WHERE id=?1",
+            params![c.id, c.name, c.kind, c.file, c.host, c.port, c.user, c.password, c.database],
+        )
+        .map_err(|e| format!("更新连接失败: {}", e))?;
+    } else {
+        let next: i64 = conn
+            .query_row(
+                "SELECT COALESCE(MAX(sort_order), 0) + 1 FROM db_connections",
+                [],
+                |r| r.get(0),
+            )
+            .unwrap_or(1);
+        conn.execute(
+            "INSERT INTO db_connections (id, name, kind, file, host, port, user, password, database, sort_order)
+             VALUES (?1, ?2, ?3, ?4, ?5, ?6, ?7, ?8, ?9, ?10)",
+            params![c.id, c.name, c.kind, c.file, c.host, c.port, c.user, c.password, c.database, next],
+        )
+        .map_err(|e| format!("保存连接失败: {}", e))?;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// 删除一个连接
+#[tauri::command]
+pub async fn db_connection_delete(id: String, state: State<'_, DbConnStore>) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let conn = state.conn.lock().map_err(|_| "数据库锁错误".to_string())?;
+    conn.execute("DELETE FROM db_connections WHERE id = ?1", params![id])
+        .map_err(|e| format!("删除连接失败: {}", e))?;
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/main.rs b/src-tauri/src/main.rs
index 444f908..85bcdb7 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/main.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/main.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ mod cache;
 mod config;
 mod custom_plugin_commands;
 mod db;
+mod db_connections;
 mod env_commands;
 mod env_manager;
 mod env_providers;
@@ -38,6 +39,9 @@ use crate::custom_plugin_commands::{
     update_custom_plugin,
 };
 use crate::db::{run_sql, run_sql_paged};
+use crate::db_connections::{
+    DbConnStore, db_connection_delete, db_connection_save, db_connections_list,
+};
 use crate::env_commands::{
     EnvironmentManagerState, download_and_install_version, get_environment_info,
     get_supported_environment_languages, switch_environment_version, uninstall_environment_version,
@@ -100,6 +104,7 @@ fn main() {
         .manage(AiHistory::new().expect("failed to initialize ai history database"))
         .manage(Snippets::new().expect("failed to initialize snippets database"))
         .manage(KvStore::new().expect("failed to initialize kv store database"))
+        .manage(DbConnStore::new().expect("failed to initialize db connections database"))
         .manage(TerminalState::new())
         .manage(LspState::new())
         .manage(ExecutionPluginManagerState::new(PluginManager::new()))
@@ -225,6 +230,10 @@ fn main() {
             kv_get_all,
             kv_set,
             kv_delete,
+            // 数据库连接（独立表）
+            db_connections_list,
+            db_connection_save,
+            db_connection_delete,
             // 集成终端
             terminal_create,
             terminal_write,
diff --git a/src/App.vue b/src/App.vue
index ffe2a55..a5897e6 100644
--- a/src/App.vue
+++ b/src/App.vue
@@ -23,27 +23,27 @@
     <div class="bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-900 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
       <button class="w-full flex items-center px-4 py-1 text-xs text-gray-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="showRunInput = !showRunInput">
         <ChevronRight class="w-3 h-3 mr-1 transition-transform" :class="{ 'rotate-90': showRunInput }"/>
-        运行输入（参数 / stdin / 环境变量）
+        {{ t('app.runInputToggle') }}
         <span v-if="!showRunInput && (runArgs || runStdin || runEnv)" class="ml-2 text-blue-500">●</span>
       </button>
       <div v-if="showRunInput" class="px-4 pb-2 space-y-2">
         <div class="flex items-start space-x-3">
           <div class="flex flex-col w-56 flex-shrink-0">
-            <label class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-0.5">运行参数</label>
-            <input v-model="runArgs" class="text-xs border border-gray-300 rounded px-2 py-1 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-400" placeholder="空格分隔，如 --port 8080"/>
+            <label class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-0.5">{{ t('app.runArgs') }}</label>
+            <input v-model="runArgs" class="text-xs border border-gray-300 rounded px-2 py-1 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-400" :placeholder="t('app.runArgsPlaceholder')"/>
           </div>
           <div class="flex flex-col flex-1 min-w-0">
-            <label class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-0.5">标准输入 (stdin)</label>
-            <textarea v-model="runStdin" rows="2" class="w-full text-xs border border-gray-300 rounded px-2 py-1 font-mono resize-none focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-400" placeholder="运行时喂给程序的输入"></textarea>
+            <label class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-0.5">{{ t('app.stdin') }}</label>
+            <textarea v-model="runStdin" rows="2" class="w-full text-xs border border-gray-300 rounded px-2 py-1 font-mono resize-none focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-400" :placeholder="t('app.stdinPlaceholder')"></textarea>
           </div>
         </div>
         <div class="flex flex-col">
-          <label class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-0.5">环境变量</label>
-          <input v-model="runEnv" class="text-xs border border-gray-300 rounded px-2 py-1 font-mono focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-400" placeholder="KEY=值，多个用 ; 分隔，如 DEBUG=1;PORT=8080"/>
+          <label class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-0.5">{{ t('app.envVars') }}</label>
+          <input v-model="runEnv" class="text-xs border border-gray-300 rounded px-2 py-1 font-mono focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-400" :placeholder="t('app.envVarsPlaceholder')"/>
         </div>
         <label class="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 cursor-pointer select-none">
           <input v-model="watchMode" type="checkbox" class="cursor-pointer"/>
-          监听模式：保存后自动运行
+          {{ t('app.watchMode') }}
         </label>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
               <div v-if="!showViewer" class="bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-800 px-4 py-2 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex items-center justify-between flex-shrink-0">
                 <div class="flex items-center space-x-3 min-w-0 flex-1">
                   <img :src="`/icons/${currentLanguage.replace(/\d+$/, '')}.svg`" class="w-5 h-5 flex-shrink-0" :alt="currentLanguage" @error="onIconError"/>
-                  <h2 class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 whitespace-nowrap flex-shrink-0">{{ getLanguageDisplayName(currentLanguage) }} 代码编辑器</h2>
+                  <h2 class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 whitespace-nowrap flex-shrink-0">{{ getLanguageDisplayName(currentLanguage) }} {{ t('app.codeEditor') }}</h2>
                   <template v-if="currentFilePath">
                     <span class="text-gray-400 text-xs flex-shrink-0">·</span>
                     <div class="min-w-0 overflow-x-auto [&::-webkit-scrollbar]:hidden [-ms-overflow-style:none] [scrollbar-width:none]">
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
                   </template>
                   <span v-else-if="currentFileName" class="text-xs text-gray-500 flex items-center whitespace-nowrap flex-shrink-0">
                     · {{ currentFileName }}
-                    <span v-if="isDirty" class="ml-1 text-amber-500" title="有未保存的修改">●</span>
+                    <span v-if="isDirty" class="ml-1 text-amber-500" :title="t('app.unsaved')">●</span>
                   </span>
                   <SqlSourceSelect v-if="currentLanguage === 'sql'" class="flex-shrink-0"/>
                   <SchemaBrowser v-if="currentLanguage === 'sql'" class="flex-shrink-0" @preview="previewTable" @insert="insertAtCursor"/>
@@ -96,13 +96,13 @@
 
                 <div class="flex items-center space-x-2 text-xs text-gray-500 whitespace-nowrap flex-shrink-0 pl-3">
                   <span v-if="predicting" class="flex items-center gap-1 text-blue-500">
-                    <Sparkles class="w-3 h-3 animate-pulse"/> AI 预测中…
+                    <Sparkles class="w-3 h-3 animate-pulse"/> {{ t('app.aiPredicting') }}
                   </span>
-                  <span v-else-if="ghostActive" class="text-blue-500">Tab 接受 · Esc 取消</span>
-                  <span>行 {{ cursorInfo.line }}, 列 {{ cursorInfo.col }}</span>
-                  <span v-if="cursorInfo.selLen">已选 <strong>{{ cursorInfo.selLen }}</strong></span>
-                  <span><strong>{{ (code || '').length }}</strong> 字符</span>
-                  <span><strong>{{ (code || '').split('\n').length }}</strong> 行</span>
+                  <span v-else-if="ghostActive" class="text-blue-500">{{ t('app.ghostHint') }}</span>
+                  <span>{{ t('app.cursorPos', { line: cursorInfo.line, col: cursorInfo.col }) }}</span>
+                  <span v-if="cursorInfo.selLen">{{ t('app.selected') }} <strong>{{ cursorInfo.selLen }}</strong></span>
+                  <span><strong>{{ (code || '').length }}</strong> {{ t('app.chars') }}</span>
+                  <span><strong>{{ (code || '').split('\n').length }}</strong> {{ t('app.lines') }}</span>
                 </div>
               </div>
               <div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden relative">
@@ -122,8 +122,8 @@
             <div class="h-full min-h-0 flex flex-col overflow-hidden" :class="effectiveDirection === 'vertical' ? 'border-t border-gray-200' : 'border-l border-gray-200'">
               <!-- 仅编辑器模式下提供收起控制台的入口 -->
               <div v-if="layoutMode === 'editor'" class="bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-800 px-4 py-2 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex items-center justify-between flex-shrink-0">
-                <h2 class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">控制台</h2>
-                <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 transition-colors" title="收起控制台" @click="showConsole = false">
+                <h2 class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">{{ t('console.title') }}</h2>
+                <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 transition-colors" :title="t('app.collapseConsole')" @click="showConsole = false">
                   <X class="w-4 h-4"/>
                 </button>
               </div>
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@
         <div v-if="!showViewer" class="bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-800 px-4 py-2 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex items-center justify-between flex-shrink-0">
           <div class="flex items-center space-x-3 min-w-0 flex-1">
             <img :src="`/icons/${currentLanguage.replace(/\d+$/, '')}.svg`" class="w-5 h-5 flex-shrink-0" :alt="currentLanguage" @error="onIconError"/>
-            <h2 class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 whitespace-nowrap flex-shrink-0">{{ getLanguageDisplayName(currentLanguage) }} 代码编辑器</h2>
+            <h2 class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 whitespace-nowrap flex-shrink-0">{{ getLanguageDisplayName(currentLanguage) }} {{ t('app.codeEditor') }}</h2>
             <template v-if="currentFilePath">
               <span class="text-gray-400 text-xs flex-shrink-0">·</span>
               <div class="min-w-0 overflow-x-auto [&::-webkit-scrollbar]:hidden [-ms-overflow-style:none] [scrollbar-width:none]">
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@
             </template>
             <span v-else-if="currentFileName" class="text-xs text-gray-500 flex items-center whitespace-nowrap flex-shrink-0">
               · {{ currentFileName }}
-              <span v-if="isDirty" class="ml-1 text-amber-500" title="有未保存的修改">●</span>
+              <span v-if="isDirty" class="ml-1 text-amber-500" :title="t('app.unsaved')">●</span>
             </span>
             <SqlSourceSelect v-if="currentLanguage === 'sql'" class="flex-shrink-0"/>
             <SchemaBrowser v-if="currentLanguage === 'sql'" class="flex-shrink-0" @preview="previewTable" @insert="insertAtCursor"/>
@@ -234,13 +234,13 @@
 
           <div class="flex items-center space-x-2 text-xs text-gray-500 whitespace-nowrap flex-shrink-0 pl-3">
             <span v-if="predicting" class="flex items-center gap-1 text-blue-500">
-              <Sparkles class="w-3 h-3 animate-pulse"/> AI 预测中…
+              <Sparkles class="w-3 h-3 animate-pulse"/> {{ t('app.aiPredicting') }}
             </span>
-            <span v-else-if="ghostActive" class="text-blue-500">Tab 接受 · Esc 取消</span>
-            <span>行 {{ cursorInfo.line }}, 列 {{ cursorInfo.col }}</span>
-            <span v-if="cursorInfo.selLen">已选 <strong>{{ cursorInfo.selLen }}</strong></span>
-            <span><strong>{{ (code || '').length }}</strong> 字符</span>
-            <span><strong>{{ (code || '').split('\n').length }}</strong> 行</span>
+            <span v-else-if="ghostActive" class="text-blue-500">{{ t('app.ghostHint') }}</span>
+            <span>{{ t('app.cursorPos', { line: cursorInfo.line, col: cursorInfo.col }) }}</span>
+            <span v-if="cursorInfo.selLen">{{ t('app.selected') }} <strong>{{ cursorInfo.selLen }}</strong></span>
+            <span><strong>{{ (code || '').length }}</strong> {{ t('app.chars') }}</span>
+            <span><strong>{{ (code || '').split('\n').length }}</strong> {{ t('app.lines') }}</span>
           </div>
         </div>
         <div class="flex-1 overflow-hidden relative">
@@ -285,15 +285,15 @@
                       @open-ai="openAiForExecution"/>
 
     <!-- 运行未保存文件询问 -->
-    <Modal v-model:show="showRunPrompt" title="运行未保存的文件" size="sm">
+    <Modal v-model:show="showRunPrompt" :title="t('app.runUnsavedTitle')" size="sm">
       <div class="space-y-4">
         <p class="text-sm text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">
-          当前文件 <strong>{{ currentFileName }}</strong> 有未保存的修改，如何运行？
+          {{ t('app.runUnsavedPre') }}<strong>{{ currentFileName }}</strong>{{ t('app.runUnsavedPost') }}
         </p>
         <div class="flex justify-end space-x-2">
-          <Button type="secondary" size="sm" @click="showRunPrompt = false">取消</Button>
-          <Button type="info" size="sm" @click="promptRunCopy">运行副本(不保存)</Button>
-          <Button size="sm" @click="promptSaveAndRun">保存并运行</Button>
+          <Button type="secondary" size="sm" @click="showRunPrompt = false">{{ t('app.cancel') }}</Button>
+          <Button type="info" size="sm" @click="promptRunCopy">{{ t('app.runCopy') }}</Button>
+          <Button size="sm" @click="promptSaveAndRun">{{ t('app.saveAndRun') }}</Button>
         </div>
       </div>
     </Modal>
@@ -343,9 +343,9 @@
     <DiffView v-if="applyPreview"
               :original="code"
               :modified="applyPreview.modified"
-              title="应用 AI 代码预览"
-              subtitle="当前（红） → AI 建议（绿），确认后替换编辑器内容"
-              confirm-label="应用"
+              :title="t('app.aiPreviewTitle')"
+              :subtitle="t('app.aiPreviewSubtitle')"
+              :confirm-label="t('app.apply')"
               @confirm="confirmApplyAi"
               @close="applyPreview = null"/>
 
@@ -374,20 +374,20 @@
            :style="{ top: `${editorCtx.y}px`, left: `${editorCtx.x}px` }"
            @click.stop>
         <button class="flex w-full items-center justify-between px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="runEditorCommand(runGotoDefinition)">
-          <span>跳转到定义</span><span class="text-gray-400 text-xs ml-6">F12</span>
+          <span>{{ t('app.gotoDef') }}</span><span class="text-gray-400 text-xs ml-6">F12</span>
         </button>
         <button class="flex w-full items-center justify-between px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="runEditorCommand(renameSymbol)">
-          <span>重命名符号</span><span class="text-gray-400 text-xs ml-6">F2</span>
+          <span>{{ t('app.renameSymbol') }}</span><span class="text-gray-400 text-xs ml-6">F2</span>
         </button>
         <button class="flex w-full items-center justify-between px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="runEditorCommand(triggerCodeActions)">
-          <span>代码操作 / 快速修复</span><span class="text-gray-400 text-xs ml-6">⌘.</span>
+          <span>{{ t('app.codeActionMenu') }}</span><span class="text-gray-400 text-xs ml-6">⌘.</span>
         </button>
         <div class="border-t border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 my-1"></div>
         <button class="flex w-full items-center justify-between px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="runEditorCommand(formatDocument)">
-          <span>格式化文档</span><span class="text-gray-400 text-xs ml-6">⇧⌥F</span>
+          <span>{{ t('app.formatDoc') }}</span><span class="text-gray-400 text-xs ml-6">⇧⌥F</span>
         </button>
         <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="runEditorCommand(formatSelection)">
-          格式化选中
+          {{ t('app.formatSelection') }}
         </button>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -413,6 +413,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, nextTick, onMounted, onUnmounted, reactive, ref, shallowRef, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {debounce} from 'lodash-es'
 import {formatDocument, formatSelection, renameSymbol} from 'codemirror-languageserver'
 import {runGotoDefinition, lspSupportsLanguage, triggerCodeActions, applyCodeAction} from './editor/lspExtension'
@@ -482,6 +483,7 @@ import {useEditorConfig} from './composables/useEditorConfig'
 import Update from './components/Update.vue'
 
 const toast = useToast()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 const showHistory = ref(false)
 
 const {
@@ -522,7 +524,7 @@ const {build: buildLanguageRegistry, detectLanguage, getCandidates} = useLanguag
 // 本地文件管理（打开/保存/另存为）
 const getDefaultFileName = () => {
   const ext = getCurrentPluginConfig()?.extension || currentLanguage.value || 'txt'
-  return `未命名.${ext}`
+  return `${t('app.untitled')}.${ext}`
 }
 
 // 文件状态（提升到此层，供文件管理与多标签工作区共享）
@@ -557,7 +559,7 @@ const handleFileOpened = (filePath: string) => {
     applyLanguage(detected)
     // 同扩展名对应多个引擎时，提示可手动切换
     if (getCandidates(filePath).length > 1) {
-      toast.info(`该类型可用多个运行引擎，已选「${getLanguageDisplayName(detected)}」，可在下拉手动切换`)
+      toast.info(t('app.multiEngine', { name: getLanguageDisplayName(detected) }))
     }
   }
 }
@@ -598,10 +600,10 @@ const handleCloseTab = (id: string) => closeTab(id, {language: currentLanguage.v
 const handleCopyPath = async (path: string) => {
   try {
     await navigator.clipboard.writeText(path)
-    toast.success('已复制路径')
+    toast.success(t('app.pathCopied'))
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('复制失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('app.copyFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -743,7 +745,7 @@ const smartOpen = async (filePath: string) => {
 
     const meta = await invoke<{ size_bytes: number, line_count: number, is_text: boolean }>('get_text_file_meta', {path: filePath})
     if (!meta.is_text) {
-      toast.error('不是文本文件，无法打开')
+      toast.error(t('app.notTextFile'))
       return
     }
 
@@ -766,7 +768,7 @@ const smartOpen = async (filePath: string) => {
     await openPath(filePath)
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('打开失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('app.openFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -821,7 +823,7 @@ const openAiWithPrompt = (prompt: string) => {
 const explainCode = () => {
   const snippet = selectedOrAll()
   if (!snippet.trim()) {
-    toast.info('没有可解释的代码')
+    toast.info(t('app.noCodeExplain'))
     return
   }
   openAiWithPrompt(`请解释下面这段 ${currentLanguage.value} 代码的作用与关键逻辑，用中文简洁说明：\n\n\`\`\`${currentLanguage.value}\n${snippet}\n\`\`\``)
@@ -830,7 +832,7 @@ const explainCode = () => {
 const generateTests = () => {
   const snippet = selectedOrAll()
   if (!snippet.trim()) {
-    toast.info('没有可生成测试的代码')
+    toast.info(t('app.noCodeTest'))
     return
   }
   openAiWithPrompt(`请为下面这段 ${currentLanguage.value} 代码生成单元测试，覆盖主要分支与边界情况，使用该语言常用的测试框架，只输出测试代码：\n\n\`\`\`${currentLanguage.value}\n${snippet}\n\`\`\``)
@@ -840,14 +842,14 @@ const generateTests = () => {
 const formatWithAi = async () => {
   reloadAiCfg()
   if (!aiActive.value.apiKey) {
-    toast.warning('请先在「设置 → AI」中配置 API Key')
+    toast.warning(t('app.needApiKey'))
     return
   }
   const src = code.value
   if (!src.trim()) {
     return
   }
-  toast.info('正在请求 AI 整理代码…')
+  toast.info(t('app.aiFormatting'))
   try {
     const res = await invoke<string>('ai_chat', {
       provider: aiActive.value.provider,
@@ -859,13 +861,13 @@ const formatWithAi = async () => {
     })
     const formatted = cleanCompletion(res)
     if (!formatted || formatted === src) {
-      toast.info('代码无需调整')
+      toast.info(t('app.noAdjust'))
       return
     }
     applyAiCode(formatted)
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('格式化失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('app.formatFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -886,16 +888,16 @@ const toggleAiCompletion = () => {
   kvSet('ai-completion', String(aiCompletion.value))
   if (!aiCompletion.value) {
     clearGhostIn(editorView.value)
-    toast.info('AI 代码预测已关闭')
+    toast.info(t('app.aiPredictOff'))
     return
   }
   // 开启时若未配置 API Key，明确提示（否则预测会静默不工作）
   reloadAiCfg()
   if (!aiActive.value.apiKey) {
-    toast.warning('AI 代码预测已开启，但尚未配置 API Key，请在「设置 → AI」中填写')
+    toast.warning(t('app.aiPredictOnNoKey'))
   }
   else {
-    toast.info('AI 代码预测已开启，停顿打字即可看到灰色补全，Tab 接受')
+    toast.info(t('app.aiPredictOn'))
   }
 }
 
@@ -986,7 +988,7 @@ const confirmApplyAi = () => {
   if (applyPreview.value) {
     code.value = applyPreview.value.modified
     applyPreview.value = null
-    toast.success('已应用 AI 代码')
+    toast.success(t('app.aiCodeApplied'))
   }
 }
 
@@ -1028,7 +1030,7 @@ const insertGeneratedCode = (text: string) => {
 const showSearch = ref(false)
 const openSearch = () => {
   if (!rootDir.value) {
-    toast.info('请先打开文件夹')
+    toast.info(t('app.openFolderFirst'))
     return
   }
   showSearch.value = true
@@ -1072,7 +1074,7 @@ const onIconError = (e: Event) => {
 
 // 面包屑点击：在系统文件管理器中显示该路径
 const revealInFinder = (path: string) => {
-  invoke('reveal_path', {path}).catch((error) => toast.error('打开失败: ' + error))
+  invoke('reveal_path', {path}).catch((error) => toast.error(t('app.openFailed') + error))
 }
 
 // 集成终端：首次打开后保持挂载（保留会话），仅切换显示
@@ -1149,7 +1151,7 @@ const onLspCodeActions = (e: Event) => {
   const detail = (e as CustomEvent).detail as {actions: any[]; x: number; y: number}
   const actions = detail?.actions ?? []
   if (!actions.length) {
-    toast.info('当前位置没有可用的代码操作')
+    toast.info(t('app.noCodeAction'))
     return
   }
   codeActionMenu.actions = actions
@@ -1165,11 +1167,11 @@ const pickCodeAction = async (action: any) => {
   try {
     const {otherFiles} = await applyCodeAction(editorView.value, action)
     if (otherFiles > 0) {
-      toast.info(`该操作还涉及 ${otherFiles} 个其它文件的修改，暂未自动应用`)
+      toast.info(t('app.actionOtherFiles', { n: otherFiles }))
     }
   }
   catch (err) {
-    toast.error('应用代码操作失败: ' + err)
+    toast.error(t('app.applyActionFailed') + err)
   }
 }
 
@@ -1209,7 +1211,7 @@ const reloadAffectedFiles = async (paths: string[]) => {
 const showQuickOpen = ref(false)
 const openQuickOpen = () => {
   if (!rootDir.value) {
-    toast.info('请先打开文件夹')
+    toast.info(t('app.openFolderFirst'))
     return
   }
   showQuickOpen.value = true
@@ -1226,7 +1228,7 @@ const showDiff = ref(false)
 const showPreview = ref(false)
 const openDiff = () => {
   if (!currentFilePath.value) {
-    toast.info('差异对比需要先打开已保存的文件')
+    toast.info(t('app.diffNeedSaved'))
     return
   }
   showDiff.value = true
@@ -1239,7 +1241,7 @@ const togglePreview = () => {
 const showGit = ref(false)
 const openGit = () => {
   if (!rootDir.value) {
-    toast.info('请先打开文件夹')
+    toast.info(t('app.openFolderFirst'))
     return
   }
   showGit.value = true
@@ -1503,12 +1505,12 @@ const loadSqlPage = async (offset: number, record: boolean) => {
     sqlPage.offset = offset
     sqlPage.hasMore = ((res.result_sets || [])[0]?.rows || []).length === SQL_PAGE_SIZE
     if (res.error) {
-      toast.error('SQL 执行失败')
+      toast.error(t('app.sqlFailed'))
     }
   }
   catch (error) {
     output.value = JSON.stringify({result_sets: [], messages: [], error: String(error)})
-    toast.error('SQL 执行失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('app.sqlFailedColon') + error)
   }
   finally {
     isRunning.value = false
@@ -1520,7 +1522,7 @@ const sqlNextPage = () => sqlPage.hasMore && loadSqlPage(sqlPage.offset + SQL_PA
 const runSql = async (sqlOverride?: string) => {
   const sql = sqlOverride ?? code.value
   if (!sql.trim()) {
-    toast.info('没有可执行的 SQL')
+    toast.info(t('app.noSql'))
     return
   }
   const source = resolveActiveSource()
@@ -1546,12 +1548,12 @@ const runSql = async (sqlOverride?: string) => {
     isSuccess.value = !res.error
     lastExecutionTime.value = res.elapsed_ms || 0
     if (res.error) {
-      toast.error('SQL 执行失败')
+      toast.error(t('app.sqlFailed'))
     }
   }
   catch (error) {
     output.value = JSON.stringify({result_sets: [], messages: [], error: String(error)})
-    toast.error('SQL 执行失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('app.sqlFailedColon') + error)
   }
   finally {
     isRunning.value = false
@@ -1588,7 +1590,7 @@ const runSelection = () => {
   }
   const {from, to} = view.state.selection.main
   if (from === to) {
-    toast.info('请先选中要运行的代码')
+    toast.info(t('app.selectCodeFirst'))
     return
   }
   const selected = view.state.sliceDoc(from, to)
@@ -1675,7 +1677,7 @@ const restoreHistoryItem = (item: ExecutionResult) => {
   code.value = item.code || ''
   resetFile()
   clearOutput()
-  toast.success('已恢复历史代码')
+  toast.success(t('app.historyRestored'))
 }
 
 // 从执行历史一键重跑：恢复语言与代码后直接运行
@@ -1766,39 +1768,39 @@ const applyTheme = async (t: AppTheme) => {
 // 命令面板命令列表（含快捷键提示）
 const hintOf = (id: string) => formatCombo(getBinding(id))
 const paletteCommands = computed<PaletteCommand[]>(() => [
-  {id: 'run', label: '运行代码', icon: Play, hint: hintOf('run'), run: () => handleRunCode()},
-  {id: 'runSelection', label: '运行选中片段', icon: Play, hint: hintOf('runSelection'), run: () => runSelection()},
-  {id: 'watchMode', label: watchMode.value ? '关闭监听模式（保存自动运行）' : '开启监听模式（保存自动运行）', icon: Eye, run: () => { watchMode.value = !watchMode.value }},
-  {id: 'aiCompletion', label: aiCompletion.value ? '关闭 AI 代码预测' : '开启 AI 代码预测（Tab 补全）', icon: Sparkles, run: () => toggleAiCompletion()},
-  {id: 'open', label: '打开文件', icon: FolderOpen, hint: hintOf('open'), run: () => handleOpenFileClick()},
-  {id: 'openFolder', label: '打开文件夹', icon: FolderOpen, run: () => openFolder()},
-  {id: 'save', label: '保存文件', icon: Save, hint: hintOf('save'), run: () => saveFile()},
-  {id: 'saveAs', label: '另存为', icon: Save, hint: hintOf('saveAs'), run: () => saveFileAs()},
-  {id: 'newTab', label: '新建标签', icon: Plus, hint: hintOf('newTab'), run: () => handleNewTab()},
-  {id: 'closeTab', label: '关闭标签', icon: X, hint: hintOf('closeTab'), run: () => handleCloseTab(activeTabId.value)},
-  {id: 'quickOpen', label: '快速打开文件', icon: Search, hint: hintOf('quickOpen'), run: () => openQuickOpen()},
-  {id: 'gotoLine', label: '跳转到行', icon: CornerDownRight, hint: hintOf('gotoLine'), run: () => openGoToLine()},
-  {id: 'outline', label: '符号大纲', icon: ListTree, hint: hintOf('outline'), run: () => openOutline()},
-  {id: 'snippets', label: '管理代码片段', icon: Code2, run: () => { showSnippets.value = true }},
-  {id: 'terminal', label: '切换终端', icon: TerminalIcon, hint: hintOf('toggleTerminal'), run: () => toggleTerminal()},
-  {id: 'searchInFiles', label: '在文件夹内搜索', icon: Search, hint: hintOf('searchInFiles'), run: () => openSearch()},
-  {id: 'generate', label: 'AI 生成代码', icon: Sparkles, hint: hintOf('generate'), run: () => openGenerate()},
-  {id: 'showAi', label: 'AI 助手', icon: Sparkles, run: () => handleShowAi()},
-  {id: 'explainCode', label: 'AI 解释代码（选中或全文）', icon: Sparkles, run: () => explainCode()},
-  {id: 'generateTests', label: 'AI 生成测试（选中或全文）', icon: Sparkles, run: () => generateTests()},
-  {id: 'formatWithAi', label: 'AI 格式化代码', icon: Sparkles, run: () => formatWithAi()},
-  {id: 'history', label: '执行历史', icon: History, run: () => { showHistory.value = true }},
-  {id: 'diff', label: '差异对比（当前 vs 已保存）', icon: GitCompare, run: () => openDiff()},
-  {id: 'preview', label: '实时预览（Markdown / HTML）', icon: Eye, run: () => togglePreview()},
-  {id: 'git', label: 'Git 源代码管理', icon: GitBranch, run: () => openGit()},
-  {id: 'toggleSidebar', label: '切换侧栏', icon: PanelLeft, hint: hintOf('toggleSidebar'), run: () => toggleSidebar()},
-  {id: 'layoutHorizontal', label: '布局：左右', group: '布局', icon: PanelRight, run: () => handleLayoutChange('horizontal')},
-  {id: 'layoutVertical', label: '布局：上下', group: '布局', icon: PanelBottom, run: () => handleLayoutChange('vertical')},
-  {id: 'layoutEditor', label: '布局：仅编辑器', group: '布局', icon: Maximize2, run: () => handleLayoutChange('editor')},
-  {id: 'themeSystem', label: '主题：跟随系统', group: '主题', icon: Monitor, run: () => applyTheme('system')},
-  {id: 'themeLight', label: '主题：浅色', group: '主题', icon: Sun, run: () => applyTheme('light')},
-  {id: 'themeDark', label: '主题：深色', group: '主题', icon: Moon, run: () => applyTheme('dark')},
-  {id: 'settings', label: '打开设置', icon: SettingsIcon, run: () => { showSettings.value = true }}
+  {id: 'run', label: t('command.run'), icon: Play, hint: hintOf('run'), run: () => handleRunCode()},
+  {id: 'runSelection', label: t('command.runSelection'), icon: Play, hint: hintOf('runSelection'), run: () => runSelection()},
+  {id: 'watchMode', label: watchMode.value ? t('command.watchModeOff') : t('command.watchModeOn'), icon: Eye, run: () => { watchMode.value = !watchMode.value }},
+  {id: 'aiCompletion', label: aiCompletion.value ? t('command.aiCompletionOff') : t('command.aiCompletionOn'), icon: Sparkles, run: () => toggleAiCompletion()},
+  {id: 'open', label: t('command.open'), icon: FolderOpen, hint: hintOf('open'), run: () => handleOpenFileClick()},
+  {id: 'openFolder', label: t('command.openFolder'), icon: FolderOpen, run: () => openFolder()},
+  {id: 'save', label: t('command.save'), icon: Save, hint: hintOf('save'), run: () => saveFile()},
+  {id: 'saveAs', label: t('command.saveAs'), icon: Save, hint: hintOf('saveAs'), run: () => saveFileAs()},
+  {id: 'newTab', label: t('command.newTab'), icon: Plus, hint: hintOf('newTab'), run: () => handleNewTab()},
+  {id: 'closeTab', label: t('command.closeTab'), icon: X, hint: hintOf('closeTab'), run: () => handleCloseTab(activeTabId.value)},
+  {id: 'quickOpen', label: t('command.quickOpen'), icon: Search, hint: hintOf('quickOpen'), run: () => openQuickOpen()},
+  {id: 'gotoLine', label: t('command.gotoLine'), icon: CornerDownRight, hint: hintOf('gotoLine'), run: () => openGoToLine()},
+  {id: 'outline', label: t('command.outline'), icon: ListTree, hint: hintOf('outline'), run: () => openOutline()},
+  {id: 'snippets', label: t('command.snippets'), icon: Code2, run: () => { showSnippets.value = true }},
+  {id: 'terminal', label: t('command.terminal'), icon: TerminalIcon, hint: hintOf('toggleTerminal'), run: () => toggleTerminal()},
+  {id: 'searchInFiles', label: t('command.searchInFiles'), icon: Search, hint: hintOf('searchInFiles'), run: () => openSearch()},
+  {id: 'generate', label: t('command.generate'), icon: Sparkles, hint: hintOf('generate'), run: () => openGenerate()},
+  {id: 'showAi', label: t('command.showAi'), icon: Sparkles, run: () => handleShowAi()},
+  {id: 'explainCode', label: t('command.explainCode'), icon: Sparkles, run: () => explainCode()},
+  {id: 'generateTests', label: t('command.generateTests'), icon: Sparkles, run: () => generateTests()},
+  {id: 'formatWithAi', label: t('command.formatWithAi'), icon: Sparkles, run: () => formatWithAi()},
+  {id: 'history', label: t('command.history'), icon: History, run: () => { showHistory.value = true }},
+  {id: 'diff', label: t('command.diff'), icon: GitCompare, run: () => openDiff()},
+  {id: 'preview', label: t('command.preview'), icon: Eye, run: () => togglePreview()},
+  {id: 'git', label: t('command.git'), icon: GitBranch, run: () => openGit()},
+  {id: 'toggleSidebar', label: t('command.toggleSidebar'), icon: PanelLeft, hint: hintOf('toggleSidebar'), run: () => toggleSidebar()},
+  {id: 'layoutHorizontal', label: t('command.layoutHorizontal'), group: t('command.groupLayout'), icon: PanelRight, run: () => handleLayoutChange('horizontal')},
+  {id: 'layoutVertical', label: t('command.layoutVertical'), group: t('command.groupLayout'), icon: PanelBottom, run: () => handleLayoutChange('vertical')},
+  {id: 'layoutEditor', label: t('command.layoutEditor'), group: t('command.groupLayout'), icon: Maximize2, run: () => handleLayoutChange('editor')},
+  {id: 'themeSystem', label: t('command.themeSystem'), group: t('command.groupTheme'), icon: Monitor, run: () => applyTheme('system')},
+  {id: 'themeLight', label: t('command.themeLight'), group: t('command.groupTheme'), icon: Sun, run: () => applyTheme('light')},
+  {id: 'themeDark', label: t('command.themeDark'), group: t('command.groupTheme'), icon: Moon, run: () => applyTheme('dark')},
+  {id: 'settings', label: t('command.settings'), icon: SettingsIcon, run: () => { showSettings.value = true }}
 ])
 
 const onGlobalKeydown = (e: KeyboardEvent) => {
diff --git a/src/components/About.vue b/src/components/About.vue
index e6dc32c..492a1c0 100644
--- a/src/components/About.vue
+++ b/src/components/About.vue
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <template>
-  <Modal v-model:show="isVisible" title="关于 CodeForge" size="3xl" :close-on-backdrop="false" :close-on-esc="false" @close="closeAbout">
+  <Modal v-model:show="isVisible" :title="t('about.title')" size="3xl" :close-on-backdrop="false" :close-on-esc="false" @close="closeAbout">
     <div class="space-y-6">
       <!-- 应用图标和标题 -->
       <div class="text-center mb-6">
@@ -8,18 +8,18 @@
           <img src="/codeforge.svg" alt="CodeForge">
         </div>
         <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mb-2 transition-all duration-600 delay-100">CodeForge</h2>
-        <p class="text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 mb-4 transition-all duration-600 delay-200">CodeForge 是一款轻量级、高性能的桌面代码执行器，专为开发者、学生和编程爱好者设计。</p>
+        <p class="text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 mb-4 transition-all duration-600 delay-200">{{ t('about.tagline') }}</p>
 
         <!-- GitHub Actions -->
         <div class="flex justify-center gap-3 mt-4">
           <Button @click="starRepository" type="warning" :icon="Star" class="transition-all duration-200 transform hover:scale-105 hover:shadow-lg">
-            给个 Star
+            {{ t('about.star') }}
           </Button>
           <Button @click="openGitHubRepo" type="secondary" :icon="GithubIcon" class="transition-all duration-200 transform hover:scale-105 hover:shadow-lg">
-            查看源码
+            {{ t('about.viewSource') }}
           </Button>
           <Button @click="reportIssue" type="danger" :icon="Bug" class="transition-all duration-200 transform hover:scale-105 hover:shadow-lg">
-            报告问题
+            {{ t('about.reportIssue') }}
           </Button>
         </div>
       </div>
@@ -28,15 +28,15 @@
       <div class="mb-6 transition-all duration-600 delay-300">
         <div class="bg-gray-50/80 dark:bg-gray-700/80 backdrop-blur-sm rounded-lg p-4 space-y-3 border border-gray-200/50 dark:border-gray-600/50">
           <div class="flex justify-between items-center transform transition-all duration-200 hover:scale-95">
-            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">版本</span>
+            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{{ t('about.version') }}</span>
             <span class="text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white font-mono bg-blue-100 dark:bg-blue-900/50 px-2 py-1 rounded">{{ version }}</span>
           </div>
           <div class="flex justify-between items-center transform transition-all duration-200 hover:scale-95">
-            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">构建时间</span>
+            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{{ t('about.buildTime') }}</span>
             <span class="text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white font-mono">{{ buildTime }}</span>
           </div>
           <div class="flex justify-between items-center transform transition-all duration-200 hover:scale-95">
-            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">平台</span>
+            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{{ t('about.platform') }}</span>
             <span class="text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white font-mono">{{ platform }}</span>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 
       <!-- 核心功能 -->
       <div class="mb-6 transition-all duration-600 delay-400">
-        <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mb-4">核心功能</h3>
+        <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mb-4">{{ t('about.coreFeatures') }}</h3>
         <div class="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
           <div v-for="(feature, index) in features"
                class="flex items-center space-x-3 p-3 bg-gray-50/50 dark:bg-gray-700/30 rounded-lg border border-gray-200/30 dark:border-gray-600/30 text-sm text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 transform transition-all duration-200 hover:scale-105 hover:bg-blue-50 dark:hover:bg-blue-900/20 hover:border-blue-200 dark:hover:border-blue-600/50 hover:shadow-md"
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
 
       <!-- 技术栈 -->
       <div class="mb-6 transition-all duration-600 delay-500">
-        <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">技术栈</h3>
+        <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{{ t('about.techStack') }}</h3>
         <hr class="border-gray-200/50 dark:border-gray-600/50 my-3"/>
         <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-2">
           <span v-for="(tech, index) in techStack"
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
       <!-- 底部信息 -->
       <div class="border-gray-200/50 dark:border-gray-600/50 pt-4 transition-all duration-600 delay-600">
         <p class="text-xs text-center text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
-          © 2025 Devlive Community. 专为开发者打造的代码执行工具
+          {{ t('about.copyright') }}
         </p>
       </div>
     </template>
@@ -83,7 +83,8 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { onMounted } from 'vue'
+import { computed, onMounted } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import Modal from '../ui/Modal.vue'
 import { useAboutModal } from '../composables/useAboutModal'
 import Button from '../ui/Button.vue'
@@ -93,12 +94,19 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
   close: []
 }>()
 
+const { t } = useI18n()
+const features = computed(() => [
+  t('about.feature1'),
+  t('about.feature2'),
+  t('about.feature3'),
+  t('about.feature4')
+])
+
 const {
   isVisible,
   platform,
   version,
   buildTime,
-  features,
   techStack,
   openTechUrl,
   openGitHubRepo,
diff --git a/src/components/AiAssistant.vue b/src/components/AiAssistant.vue
index 7fc6a87..9c8b382 100644
--- a/src/components/AiAssistant.vue
+++ b/src/components/AiAssistant.vue
@@ -4,14 +4,14 @@
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
       <div class="flex items-center space-x-2 min-w-0">
         <Sparkles class="w-4 h-4 text-blue-500 flex-shrink-0"/>
-        <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">AI 助手</span>
+        <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">{{ t('chat.title') }}</span>
         <span class="text-xs text-gray-400 truncate">{{ active.model }}</span>
       </div>
       <div class="flex items-center space-x-1 flex-shrink-0">
-        <button v-if="messages.length" class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-red-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700" title="清空对话" @click="clearChat">
+        <button v-if="messages.length" class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-red-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700" :title="t('chat.clear')" @click="clearChat">
           <Trash2 class="w-4 h-4"/>
         </button>
-        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-700 dark:hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700" title="关闭" @click="emit('close')">
+        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-700 dark:hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700" :title="t('chat.close')" @click="emit('close')">
           <X class="w-4 h-4"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -20,22 +20,22 @@
     <!-- 关联状态 -->
     <div class="px-4 py-1 text-xs border-b flex-shrink-0"
          :class="executionId != null ? 'text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-900 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700' : 'text-amber-600 bg-amber-50 border-amber-100'">
-      {{ executionId != null ? `已关联运行 #${executionId}，对话随该次运行保存` : '临时会话：运行代码后对话才会保存' }}
+      {{ executionId != null ? t('chat.linked', { id: executionId }) : t('chat.temp') }}
     </div>
 
     <!-- 快捷动作 -->
     <div class="flex items-center flex-wrap gap-2 px-3 py-2 border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
-      <button v-if="errorContext" class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-red-100 hover:bg-red-200 text-red-700 cursor-pointer" @click="analyzeError">分析报错</button>
-      <button class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" @click="quick('解释下面的代码')">解释代码</button>
-      <button class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" @click="quick('找出下面代码中的 bug 并给出修复')">找 Bug</button>
-      <button class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" @click="quick('优化下面的代码并说明原因')">优化</button>
-      <button v-if="rootDir" class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" @click="genCommitMessage">生成提交信息</button>
+      <button v-if="errorContext" class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-red-100 hover:bg-red-200 text-red-700 cursor-pointer" @click="analyzeError">{{ t('chat.analyzeError') }}</button>
+      <button class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" @click="quick('解释下面的代码')">{{ t('chat.explain') }}</button>
+      <button class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" @click="quick('找出下面代码中的 bug 并给出修复')">{{ t('chat.findBug') }}</button>
+      <button class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" @click="quick('优化下面的代码并说明原因')">{{ t('chat.optimize') }}</button>
+      <button v-if="rootDir" class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" @click="genCommitMessage">{{ t('chat.genCommit') }}</button>
     </div>
 
     <!-- 消息列表 -->
     <div ref="listRef" class="flex-1 overflow-y-auto px-3 py-3 space-y-3" @click="onCodeAction">
       <div v-if="messages.length === 0" class="text-center text-sm text-gray-400 mt-10">
-        向 AI 提问，或用上方快捷动作处理当前代码
+        {{ t('chat.emptyHint') }}
       </div>
       <div v-for="(m, i) in messages" :key="i" class="flex" :class="m.role === 'user' ? 'justify-end' : 'justify-start'">
         <div v-if="m.role === 'user'" class="ai-markdown ai-user max-w-[90%] rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-sm break-words bg-blue-500 text-white"
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
              v-html="renderMd(m.content)"></div>
       </div>
       <div v-if="waiting()" class="flex justify-start">
-        <div class="bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-300 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-sm">思考中…</div>
+        <div class="bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-300 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-sm">{{ t('chat.thinking') }}</div>
       </div>
     </div>
 
@@ -52,13 +52,13 @@
     <div class="border-t border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 p-2 flex-shrink-0">
       <div v-if="sending" class="mb-1.5 flex justify-center">
         <button class="text-xs px-3 py-1 rounded border border-gray-300 text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="stop">
-          停止生成
+          {{ t('chat.stop') }}
         </button>
       </div>
       <textarea v-model="input"
                 rows="2"
                 class="w-full text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-900 rounded px-2 py-1.5 resize-none focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-400"
-                placeholder="输入问题，Enter 发送（Shift+Enter 换行）"
+                :placeholder="t('chat.inputPlaceholder')"
                 @keydown.enter.exact.prevent="send()"/>
     </div>
   </div>
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {nextTick, onMounted, onUnmounted, ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {listen, type UnlistenFn} from '@tauri-apps/api/event'
 import {Sparkles, Trash2, X} from 'lucide-vue-next'
@@ -74,6 +75,8 @@ import {useAiConfig} from '../composables/useAiConfig'
 import {useAiHistory, type AiMsg} from '../composables/useAiHistory'
 import {useToast} from '../plugins/toast'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 // html:false 不解析原始 HTML，规避 XSS
 const md = new MarkdownIt({html: false, linkify: true, breaks: true})
 
@@ -82,8 +85,8 @@ const defaultFence = md.renderer.rules.fence!.bind(md.renderer.rules)
 md.renderer.rules.fence = (tokens, idx, options, env, self) => {
   const rendered = defaultFence(tokens, idx, options, env, self)
   return `<div class="ai-code"><div class="ai-code-bar">`
-      + `<button class="ai-code-btn" data-act="copy">复制</button>`
-      + `<button class="ai-code-btn" data-act="insert">应用到编辑器</button>`
+      + `<button class="ai-code-btn" data-act="copy">${t('chat.copy')}</button>`
+      + `<button class="ai-code-btn" data-act="insert">${t('chat.insert')}</button>`
       + `</div>${rendered}</div>`
 }
 
@@ -102,11 +105,11 @@ const onCodeAction = (e: MouseEvent) => {
   }
   if (btn.dataset.act === 'copy') {
     navigator.clipboard.writeText(codeText)
-    toast.success('已复制代码')
+    toast.success(t('chat.copied'))
   }
   else {
     emit('insert-code', codeText)
-    toast.success('已应用到编辑器')
+    toast.success(t('chat.inserted'))
   }
 }
 
@@ -211,7 +214,7 @@ const send = async (text?: string) => {
 
   reload()
   if (!active.value.apiKey) {
-    toast.error('请先在 设置 → AI 中填写 API Key')
+    toast.error(t('chat.needKey'))
     return
   }
 
@@ -239,7 +242,7 @@ const send = async (text?: string) => {
       messages: payloadMessages
     })
     if (!messages.value[streamingIndex.value].content) {
-      messages.value[streamingIndex.value].content = '(空响应)'
+      messages.value[streamingIndex.value].content = t('chat.emptyResponse')
     }
   }
   catch (error) {
@@ -268,7 +271,7 @@ const analyzeError = () => {
 
 const quick = (instruction: string) => {
   if (!props.code?.trim()) {
-    toast.info('当前编辑器没有代码')
+    toast.info(t('chat.noCode'))
     return
   }
   send(`${instruction}：\n\n\`\`\`${props.language}\n${props.code}\n\`\`\``)
@@ -287,7 +290,7 @@ const genCommitMessage = async () => {
     return
   }
   if (!diff.trim()) {
-    toast.info('没有检测到改动')
+    toast.info(t('chat.noDiff'))
     return
   }
   send(`根据下面的 git diff 生成一条简洁的中文提交信息，格式为「类型: 描述」（类型如 feat/fix/docs/refactor/chore），只输出一行提交信息，不要解释：\n\n\`\`\`diff\n${diff}\n\`\`\``)
diff --git a/src/components/AiSql.vue b/src/components/AiSql.vue
index 00b7b6d..6f4c4b0 100644
--- a/src/components/AiSql.vue
+++ b/src/components/AiSql.vue
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <template>
   <div class="inline-block">
     <button ref="btnRef" class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-xs text-violet-500 hover:bg-violet-50 dark:hover:bg-violet-900/30 cursor-pointer"
-            title="用自然语言生成 SQL" @click="toggle">
+            :title="t('sql.aiTitle')" @click="toggle">
       <Sparkles class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
       <span>AI</span>
     </button>
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@
         <div class="fixed z-[61] w-80 p-3 rounded-md border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 shadow-lg text-xs"
              :style="{left: pos.left + 'px', top: pos.top + 'px'}">
           <div class="flex items-center gap-1 mb-2 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 font-medium">
-            <Sparkles class="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-violet-500"/>自然语言生成 SQL
+            <Sparkles class="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-violet-500"/>{{ t('sql.aiHeading') }}
             <span class="ml-auto text-[10px] text-gray-400">{{ active.model }}</span>
           </div>
           <textarea v-model="prompt" rows="3" :disabled="loading"
-                    placeholder="描述你想查询的内容，例如：统计每天的注册用户数，按日期倒序"
+                    :placeholder="t('sql.aiPlaceholder')"
                     class="w-full px-2 py-1.5 rounded border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-900 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 resize-none focus:outline-none focus:border-violet-400"
                     @keydown.meta.enter="generate" @keydown.ctrl.enter="generate"/>
           <div v-if="error" class="mt-1 text-red-500 whitespace-pre-wrap">{{ error }}</div>
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
                     :disabled="loading || !prompt.trim()" @click="generate">
               <RefreshCw v-if="loading" class="w-3 h-3 animate-spin"/>
               <Sparkles v-else class="w-3 h-3"/>
-              {{ loading ? '生成中…' : '生成 (⌘↵)' }}
+              {{ loading ? t('sql.generating') : t('sql.generate') }}
             </button>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -39,10 +39,12 @@
 import {ref} from 'vue'
 import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {RefreshCw, Sparkles} from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {useAiConfig} from '../composables/useAiConfig'
 import {useDbConnections} from '../composables/useDbConnections'
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{ generated: [sql: string] }>()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 const {active} = useAiConfig()
 const {resolveActiveSource} = useDbConnections()
@@ -111,7 +113,7 @@ const generate = async () => {
     return
   }
   if (!active.value.apiKey?.trim()) {
-    error.value = '未配置 AI API Key，请在设置 → AI 中填写'
+    error.value = t('sql.noApiKey')
     return
   }
   loading.value = true
@@ -119,9 +121,9 @@ const generate = async () => {
   try {
     const source = resolveActiveSource()
     const dialect = source.kind === 'mysql' ? 'MySQL' : 'SQLite'
-    schemaNote.value = '读取结构中…'
+    schemaNote.value = t('sql.readingSchema')
     const schema = await fetchSchema(source)
-    schemaNote.value = schema ? '已附带数据库结构' : '未读取到结构'
+    schemaNote.value = schema ? t('sql.schemaAttached') : t('sql.schemaNone')
     const system = `你是资深数据库工程师。根据「数据库结构」和用户需求，生成可直接执行的 ${dialect} SQL。`
       + '要求：只输出 SQL 本身，不要任何解释，不要使用 Markdown 代码块标记。\n'
       + `数据库结构：\n${schema || '(未提供，请根据需求合理假设表名与字段名)'}`
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ const generate = async () => {
     })
     const sql = stripFences(text)
     if (!sql) {
-      error.value = 'AI 未返回内容'
+      error.value = t('sql.aiNoContent')
       return
     }
     emit('generated', sql)
diff --git a/src/components/AppHeader.vue b/src/components/AppHeader.vue
index 11dade2..079ebd3 100644
--- a/src/components/AppHeader.vue
+++ b/src/components/AppHeader.vue
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
               searchable
               :options="supportedLanguages as any"
               :disabled="isRunning"
-              placeholder="选择语言"
+              :placeholder="t('header.selectLanguage')"
               value-key="value"
               label-key="name"
               @change="handleLanguageChange">
@@ -17,30 +17,30 @@
               @click="handleRunCode"
               :disabled="!envInstalled"
               :icon="Play">
-        <span>运行代码</span>
+        <span>{{ t('header.run') }}</span>
       </Button>
 
       <Button v-else
               @click="handleStopCode"
               type="danger"
               :icon="Square">
-        <span>停止执行</span>
+        <span>{{ t('header.stop') }}</span>
       </Button>
 
-      <Button type="info" :icon="FileCode" @click="loadExample">加载示例</Button>
+      <Button type="info" :icon="FileCode" @click="loadExample">{{ t('header.loadExample') }}</Button>
 
-      <Tooltip text="执行历史">
+      <Tooltip :text="t('header.history')">
         <Button type="secondary" :icon="History" :icon-only="true" @click="emit('show-history')"/>
       </Tooltip>
 
       <!-- 打开/保存文件 -->
-      <Tooltip text="打开文件">
+      <Tooltip :text="t('header.openFile')">
         <Button type="secondary" :icon="FolderOpen" :icon-only="true" @click="emit('open-file')"/>
       </Tooltip>
-      <Tooltip text="保存文件">
+      <Tooltip :text="t('header.saveFile')">
         <Button type="secondary" :icon="Save" :icon-only="true" @click="emit('save-file')"/>
       </Tooltip>
-      <Tooltip text="AI 助手">
+      <Tooltip :text="t('header.ai')">
         <Button type="secondary" :icon="Sparkles" :icon-only="true" @click="emit('show-ai')"/>
       </Tooltip>
     </div>
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
     <div class="flex items-center space-x-3">
       <!-- 侧栏开关 + 布局切换 -->
       <div class="flex items-center bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 rounded-md p-0.5">
-        <Tooltip :text="sidebarVisible ? '隐藏侧栏' : '显示侧栏'">
+        <Tooltip :text="sidebarVisible ? t('header.hideSidebar') : t('header.showSidebar')">
           <button class="p-1.5 rounded transition-colors cursor-pointer"
                   :class="sidebarVisible ? 'bg-white dark:bg-gray-900 text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400 shadow-sm' : 'text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:hover:text-gray-200'"
                   @click="emit('toggle-sidebar')">
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
       </div>
 
       <Button type="warning" :icon="CheckCircle" v-if="hasUpdate">
-        有新版本
+        {{ t('header.hasUpdate') }}
       </Button>
     </div>
   </div>
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, onMounted, ref} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {CheckCircle, FileCode, FolderOpen, History, Maximize2, PanelBottom, PanelLeft, PanelRight, Play, Save, Sparkles, Square} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import Select from '../ui/Select.vue'
 import Button from '../ui/Button.vue'
@@ -107,11 +108,13 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
   'toggle-sidebar': []
 }>()
 
-const layoutOptions: { value: LayoutMode; label: string; icon: any }[] = [
-  {value: 'horizontal', label: '左右布局', icon: PanelRight},
-  {value: 'vertical', label: '上下布局', icon: PanelBottom},
-  {value: 'editor', label: '仅编辑器', icon: Maximize2}
-]
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
+const layoutOptions = computed<{ value: LayoutMode; label: string; icon: any }[]>(() => [
+  {value: 'horizontal', label: t('header.layoutHorizontal'), icon: PanelRight},
+  {value: 'vertical', label: t('header.layoutVertical'), icon: PanelBottom},
+  {value: 'editor', label: t('header.layoutEditor'), icon: Maximize2}
+])
 
 const handleLayoutChange = (mode: LayoutMode) => {
   emit('layout-change', mode)
diff --git a/src/components/Breadcrumbs.vue b/src/components/Breadcrumbs.vue
index d8cf1f4..ccc1dd5 100644
--- a/src/components/Breadcrumbs.vue
+++ b/src/components/Breadcrumbs.vue
@@ -3,19 +3,22 @@
     <template v-for="(seg, i) in segments" :key="i">
       <ChevronRight v-if="i > 0" class="w-3 h-3 mx-0.5 text-gray-300 dark:text-gray-600 flex-shrink-0"/>
       <button class="hover:text-blue-500 cursor-pointer flex-shrink-0"
-              :title="`在访达中显示：${seg.full}`"
+              :title="t('breadcrumb.revealIn', { path: seg.full })"
               @click="emit('reveal', seg.full)">
         {{ seg.name }}
       </button>
     </template>
-    <span v-if="dirty" class="ml-1 text-amber-500 flex-shrink-0" title="有未保存的修改">●</span>
+    <span v-if="dirty" class="ml-1 text-amber-500 flex-shrink-0" :title="t('breadcrumb.unsaved')">●</span>
   </span>
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {ChevronRight} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 const props = defineProps<{
   path: string
   rootDir?: string | null
diff --git a/src/components/CommandPalette.vue b/src/components/CommandPalette.vue
index 32c8c01..341773f 100644
--- a/src/components/CommandPalette.vue
+++ b/src/components/CommandPalette.vue
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
         <input ref="inputRef"
                v-model="query"
                class="flex-1 px-2 py-2.5 text-sm bg-transparent focus:outline-none"
-               placeholder="输入命令…"
+               :placeholder="t('dialog.commandPlaceholder')"
                @keydown.down.prevent="move(1)"
                @keydown.up.prevent="move(-1)"
                @keydown.enter.prevent="choose(filtered[activeIndex])"
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
       </div>
 
       <div ref="listRef" class="overflow-y-auto py-1">
-        <div v-if="filtered.length === 0" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">无匹配命令</div>
+        <div v-if="filtered.length === 0" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">{{ t('dialog.commandEmpty') }}</div>
 
         <button v-for="(cmd, i) in filtered"
                 :key="cmd.id"
@@ -36,8 +36,11 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, nextTick, onMounted, ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {ChevronRight, Command} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 export interface PaletteCommand
 {
   id: string
diff --git a/src/components/ConsoleOutput.vue b/src/components/ConsoleOutput.vue
index 6d6cf48..be76d1e 100644
--- a/src/components/ConsoleOutput.vue
+++ b/src/components/ConsoleOutput.vue
@@ -3,20 +3,20 @@
     <div class="p-2 border-b border-gray-700 flex items-center justify-between">
       <div class="flex items-center space-x-2">
         <Terminal class="w-4 h-4"/>
-        <span class="text-sm font-medium">控制台</span>
+        <span class="text-sm font-medium">{{ t('console.title') }}</span>
         <div v-if="isRunning" class="flex items-center space-x-1 text-yellow-400">
           <Loader class="w-3 h-3 animate-spin"/>
-          <span class="text-xs">执行中</span>
+          <span class="text-xs">{{ t('console.running') }}</span>
         </div>
       </div>
       <div class="flex items-center space-x-3">
-        <span v-if="isCopied" class="text-xs text-gray-400">{{ isCopied ? '已复制' : '复制失败' }}</span>
+        <span v-if="isCopied" class="text-xs text-gray-400">{{ t('console.copied') }}</span>
 
         <!-- 复制按钮 -->
         <button v-if="output && !isRunning"
                 @click="copyOutput"
                 class="text-gray-400 hover:text-white transition-colors duration-200 p-1 rounded hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer"
-                title="复制输出内容">
+                :title="t('console.copyTitle')">
           <component :is="copyIcon" class="w-3 h-3"/>
         </button>
 
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@
         <button v-if="output && !isRunning"
                 @click="emit('clear')"
                 class="text-gray-400 hover:text-white transition-colors duration-200 p-1 rounded hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer"
-                title="清空控制台">
+                :title="t('console.clearTitle')">
           <Trash2 class="w-3 h-3"/>
         </button>
 
         <div v-if="executionTime > 0" class="text-xs text-gray-400 flex items-center space-x-1">
           <Clock class="w-3 h-3"/>
-          <span>{{ executionTime }} 毫秒</span>
+          <span>{{ t('console.ms', { n: executionTime }) }}</span>
         </div>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
     <div class="flex-1 overflow-auto" ref="outputContainer">
       <div v-if="isRunning && !output" class="p-4 flex items-center space-x-2 text-yellow-400">
         <Loader class="w-4 h-4 animate-spin"/>
-        <span>执行代码中...</span>
+        <span>{{ t('console.executing') }}</span>
       </div>
 
       <div v-else-if="output" class="p-4">
@@ -47,14 +47,14 @@
         <!-- 正在运行时显示光标 -->
         <div v-if="isRunning" class="flex items-center mt-2 text-yellow-400">
           <Loader class="w-4 h-4 animate-spin">█</Loader>
-          <span class="ml-2 text-xs">程序正在运行...</span>
+          <span class="ml-2 text-xs">{{ t('console.programRunning') }}</span>
         </div>
       </div>
 
       <div v-else class="p-4 text-gray-500 flex flex-col items-center justify-center h-full space-y-2 select-none">
         <Terminal class="w-8 h-8"/>
-        <p class="text-sm">没有输出</p>
-        <p class="text-xs">可以尝试运行一些代码</p>
+        <p class="text-sm">{{ t('console.noOutput') }}</p>
+        <p class="text-xs">{{ t('console.noOutputHint') }}</p>
       </div>
     </div>
   </div>
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, nextTick, ref, watch } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { Check, Clock, Copy, Loader, Terminal, Trash2 } from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import { ansiToHtml } from '../utils/ansi'
 
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
   clear: []
 }>()
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
 const isCopied = ref(false)
 const outputContainer = ref<HTMLElement>()
 
diff --git a/src/components/DataGraph.vue b/src/components/DataGraph.vue
index cf03329..91c1656 100644
--- a/src/components/DataGraph.vue
+++ b/src/components/DataGraph.vue
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
                 :class="r.childId ? 'text-blue-300' : 'text-gray-200'">{{ r.display }}</span>
           <button v-if="r.childId"
                   class="flex-shrink-0 w-5 h-5 flex items-center justify-center rounded border border-blue-500/40 text-blue-300 hover:bg-blue-500/20 cursor-pointer"
-                  :title="expanded.has(r.childId) ? '收起' : '展开'"
+                  :title="expanded.has(r.childId) ? t('view.collapse') : t('view.expand')"
                   @click="toggle(r.childId)">
             <ChevronDown class="w-3.5 h-3.5 transition-transform" :class="{ '-rotate-90': !expanded.has(r.childId) }"/>
           </button>
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, reactive, watch} from 'vue'
 import {ChevronDown} from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
+
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 const props = defineProps<{ value: any; rootTitle?: string }>()
 
diff --git a/src/components/DataTableView.vue b/src/components/DataTableView.vue
index 3646e61..deec86d 100644
--- a/src/components/DataTableView.vue
+++ b/src/components/DataTableView.vue
@@ -4,24 +4,24 @@
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-3 py-1.5 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
       <div class="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 min-w-0">
         <Table2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5 flex-shrink-0"/>
-        <span>数据表</span>
-        <span v-if="isRunning || parsing" class="text-blue-500">解析中{{ parsing && percent > 0 ? ` ${percent}%` : '' }}…</span>
-        <span v-else-if="parsed.rows.length" class="text-gray-400">{{ parsed.columns.length }} 列 · {{ parsed.rows.length }} 行</span>
+        <span>{{ t('view.dataTitle') }}</span>
+        <span v-if="isRunning || parsing" class="text-blue-500">{{ t('view.parsing') }}{{ parsing && percent > 0 ? ` ${percent}%` : '' }}…</span>
+        <span v-else-if="parsed.rows.length" class="text-gray-400">{{ t('view.colsRows', { cols: parsed.columns.length, rows: parsed.rows.length }) }}</span>
       </div>
       <div class="flex items-center gap-1">
         <div class="flex items-center rounded-md border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 overflow-hidden">
-          <button class="p-1 transition-colors" :class="viewMode === 'table' ? 'bg-blue-500 text-white' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'" title="表格" @click="viewMode = 'table'">
+          <button class="p-1 transition-colors" :class="viewMode === 'table' ? 'bg-blue-500 text-white' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'" :title="t('view.table')" @click="viewMode = 'table'">
             <Table2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
           </button>
           <button class="p-1 transition-colors" :class="viewMode === 'chart' ? 'bg-blue-500 text-white' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'"
-                  :disabled="!parsed.columns.length" :title="parsed.columns.length ? '图表' : '无数据可绘图'" @click="viewMode = 'chart'">
+                  :disabled="!parsed.columns.length" :title="parsed.columns.length ? t('view.chart') : t('view.noChartData')" @click="viewMode = 'chart'">
             <BarChart3 class="w-3.5 h-3.5" :class="!parsed.columns.length ? 'opacity-40' : ''"/>
           </button>
         </div>
-        <button v-if="parsed.columns.length" class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="导出 CSV" @click="exportCsv">
+        <button v-if="parsed.columns.length" class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('view.exportCsv')" @click="exportCsv">
           <FileDown class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
-        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="清空" @click="emit('clear')">
+        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('view.clear')" @click="emit('clear')">
           <Trash2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
     </div>
     <!-- 表格视图（虚拟滚动，支持大文件） -->
     <div v-if="!parsed.columns.length" class="flex-1 overflow-auto p-2 text-xs">
-      <div class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">运行后在此查看数据表（支持 CSV / TSV）</div>
+      <div class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">{{ t('view.emptyData') }}</div>
     </div>
     <VirtualTable v-else class="flex-1" :columns="parsed.columns" :rows="parsed.rows"/>
   </div>
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {onBeforeUnmount, ref, shallowRef, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {debounce} from 'lodash-es'
 import {BarChart3, FileDown, Table2, Trash2} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import ChartPanel from './charts/ChartPanel.vue'
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{
   executionTime?: number
 }>()
 const emit = defineEmits<{ clear: [] }>()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 const viewMode = ref<'table' | 'chart'>('table')
 // shallowRef：大数组不做深度响应，避免开销
diff --git a/src/components/DiagnosticsPanel.vue b/src/components/DiagnosticsPanel.vue
index 138b667..b09448f 100644
--- a/src/components/DiagnosticsPanel.vue
+++ b/src/components/DiagnosticsPanel.vue
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     <!-- 头部 -->
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
       <div class="flex items-center gap-3 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">
-        <span>问题</span>
+        <span>{{ t('diag.title') }}</span>
         <span v-if="errorCount" class="flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-red-500">
           <XCircle class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>{{ errorCount }}
         </span>
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
           <AlertTriangle class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>{{ warningCount }}
         </span>
       </div>
-      <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" title="关闭" @click="emit('close')">
+      <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" :title="t('diag.close')" @click="emit('close')">
         <X class="w-4 h-4"/>
       </button>
     </div>
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     <!-- 列表 -->
     <div class="flex-1 overflow-y-auto text-sm">
       <div v-if="!diagnostics.length" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-gray-400">
-        没有发现问题
+        {{ t('diag.empty') }}
       </div>
       <button v-for="(d, i) in diagnostics" :key="i"
               class="flex w-full items-start gap-2 px-4 py-1.5 text-left hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-800 cursor-pointer"
@@ -34,9 +34,12 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {AlertTriangle, Info, X, XCircle} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import {diagnostics} from '../editor/lspDiagnostics'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 const emit = defineEmits<{
   go: [line: number, col: number]
   close: []
diff --git a/src/components/DiffView.vue b/src/components/DiffView.vue
index 5356231..9347375 100644
--- a/src/components/DiffView.vue
+++ b/src/components/DiffView.vue
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
       <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
         <div class="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">
           <GitCompare class="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400"/>
-          <span>{{ title || '差异对比' }}</span>
+          <span>{{ title || t('diff.title') }}</span>
           <span v-if="fileName" class="text-xs text-gray-400">· {{ fileName }}</span>
         </div>
         <div class="flex items-center gap-3 text-xs">
@@ -16,18 +16,18 @@
                   @click="emit('confirm')">
             {{ confirmLabel }}
           </button>
-          <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" title="关闭" @click="emit('close')">
+          <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" :title="t('diff.close')" @click="emit('close')">
             <X class="w-4 h-4"/>
           </button>
         </div>
       </div>
 
       <div class="flex items-center px-4 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-400 border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
-        {{ subtitle || '已保存（红） → 当前（绿）' }}
+        {{ subtitle || t('diff.subtitle') }}
       </div>
 
       <div class="flex-1 overflow-auto font-mono text-xs leading-5 max-h-[70vh]">
-        <div v-if="rows.length === 0" class="px-4 py-10 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">没有差异，内容一致</div>
+        <div v-if="rows.length === 0" class="px-4 py-10 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">{{ t('diff.noDiff') }}</div>
         <div v-for="(row, i) in rows" :key="i"
              class="flex"
              :class="rowClass(row.type)">
@@ -43,8 +43,11 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {GitCompare, X} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 const props = defineProps<{
   original: string
   modified: string
@@ -65,7 +68,7 @@ const rows = computed<DiffRow[]>(() => {
 
   // 超大文件不做精细 diff，避免 O(n*m) 卡顿
   if (n * m > 4_000_000) {
-    return [{type: 'del' as const, text: '（文件过大，无法显示逐行差异）'}]
+    return [{type: 'del' as const, text: t('diff.tooLarge')}]
   }
 
   const dp: number[][] = Array.from({length: n + 1}, () => new Array(m + 1).fill(0))
diff --git a/src/components/EditorTabs.vue b/src/components/EditorTabs.vue
index 904466b..d10a8f6 100644
--- a/src/components/EditorTabs.vue
+++ b/src/components/EditorTabs.vue
@@ -20,17 +20,17 @@
       <img :src="iconUrl(tab.language)" class="w-4 h-4 flex-shrink-0" :alt="tab.language"
            @error="(e) => { const t = e.target as HTMLImageElement; if (!t.src.endsWith('/icons/text.svg')) t.src = '/icons/text.svg' }"/>
       <span class="text-xs truncate">{{ title(tab) }}</span>
-      <span v-if="isDirty(tab)" class="text-amber-500 text-xs flex-shrink-0" title="未保存">●</span>
+      <span v-if="isDirty(tab)" class="text-amber-500 text-xs flex-shrink-0" :title="t('tabs.unsaved')">●</span>
       <button class="ml-1 rounded p-0.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-700 dark:hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 transition-opacity flex-shrink-0"
               :class="{ 'opacity-100': tab.id === activeId }"
-              title="关闭"
+              :title="t('tabs.close')"
               @click.stop="emit('close', tab.id)">
         <X class="w-3 h-3"/>
       </button>
     </div>
 
     <button class="flex items-center justify-center px-2 text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-700 dark:hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer flex-shrink-0"
-            title="新建标签页"
+            :title="t('tabs.newTab')"
             @click="emit('new')">
       <Plus class="w-4 h-4"/>
     </button>
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@
     <div class="absolute bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100 rounded-md shadow-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 py-1 text-sm min-w-[140px]"
          :style="{ top: `${menu.y}px`, left: `${menu.x}px` }"
          @click.stop>
-      <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="act(() => emit('close', menu.tabId!))">关闭</button>
-      <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="act(() => emit('close-others', menu.tabId!))">关闭其他</button>
-      <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="act(() => emit('close-right', menu.tabId!))">关闭右侧</button>
+      <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="act(() => emit('close', menu.tabId!))">{{ t('tabs.close') }}</button>
+      <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="act(() => emit('close-others', menu.tabId!))">{{ t('tabs.closeOthers') }}</button>
+      <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="act(() => emit('close-right', menu.tabId!))">{{ t('tabs.closeRight') }}</button>
       <template v-if="menuTabPath">
         <div class="border-t border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 my-1"></div>
-        <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="act(() => emit('copy-path', menuTabPath!))">复制路径</button>
+        <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="act(() => emit('copy-path', menuTabPath!))">{{ t('tabs.copyPath') }}</button>
       </template>
     </div>
   </div>
@@ -54,9 +54,12 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, reactive, ref} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {Plus, X} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import type {WorkspaceTab} from '../composables/useWorkspace'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 const props = defineProps<{
   tabs: WorkspaceTab[]
   activeId: string
@@ -74,9 +77,9 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 
 const title = (tab: WorkspaceTab) => {
   if (!tab.filePath) {
-    return '未命名'
+    return t('tabs.untitled')
   }
-  return tab.filePath.split(/[\\/]/).pop() || '未命名'
+  return tab.filePath.split(/[\\/]/).pop() || t('tabs.untitled')
 }
 
 const isDirty = (tab: WorkspaceTab) => tab.filePath !== null && tab.code !== tab.savedContent
diff --git a/src/components/ExecutionHistory.vue b/src/components/ExecutionHistory.vue
index 9c21712..6491d85 100644
--- a/src/components/ExecutionHistory.vue
+++ b/src/components/ExecutionHistory.vue
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <template>
   <Modal v-model:show="visible"
-         title="执行历史"
+         :title="t('history.title')"
          size="5xl"
          :close-on-backdrop="false"
          content-class="h-[66vh] overflow-hidden">
@@ -8,25 +8,25 @@
       <aside class="border-r border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 flex flex-col min-h-0">
         <div class="p-3 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex items-center justify-between">
           <div class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">
-            共 {{ total }} 条
+            {{ t('history.count', { n: total }) }}
           </div>
           <Button type="secondary"
                   variant="ghost"
                   size="sm"
                   :icon="RefreshCw"
                   :icon-only="true"
-                  title="刷新"
+                  :title="t('history.refresh')"
                   :loading="isLoading"
                   @click="reloadHistory"/>
         </div>
 
         <div v-if="isLoading" class="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center text-sm text-gray-500">
-          加载中...
+          {{ t('history.loading') }}
         </div>
 
         <div v-else-if="history.length === 0" class="flex-1 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-gray-400 space-y-2">
           <History class="w-10 h-10"/>
-          <p class="text-sm">暂无执行历史</p>
+          <p class="text-sm">{{ t('history.empty') }}</p>
         </div>
 
         <div v-else class="flex-1 overflow-y-auto p-2 space-y-1" @scroll="handleHistoryScroll">
@@ -41,22 +41,22 @@
               </span>
               <span class="inline-flex items-center rounded px-1.5 py-0.5 text-xs font-medium"
                     :class="item.success ? 'bg-green-100 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/40 dark:text-green-300' : 'bg-red-100 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/40 dark:text-red-300'">
-                {{ item.success ? '成功' : '失败' }}
+                {{ item.success ? t('history.success') : t('history.fail') }}
               </span>
             </div>
             <div class="mt-2 flex items-center justify-between text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
               <span class="flex items-center gap-1">
                 {{ formatTime(item.timestamp) }}
-                <Sparkles v-if="hasAi(item)" class="w-3 h-3 text-blue-500" title="有 AI 对话"/>
+                <Sparkles v-if="hasAi(item)" class="w-3 h-3 text-blue-500" :title="t('history.hasAi')"/>
               </span>
               <span>{{ item.execution_time }} ms</span>
             </div>
           </button>
           <div v-if="isLoadingMore" class="py-3 text-center text-xs text-gray-500">
-            加载更多...
+            {{ t('history.loadingMore') }}
           </div>
           <div v-else-if="!hasMore && history.length > 0" class="py-3 text-center text-xs text-gray-400">
-            已加载全部历史
+            {{ t('history.allLoaded') }}
           </div>
         </div>
       </aside>
@@ -72,22 +72,22 @@
                 <span class="text-xs text-gray-500">{{ formatTime(selectedItem.timestamp) }}</span>
               </div>
               <div class="mt-1 text-xs text-gray-500">
-                {{ selectedItem.execution_time }} ms · {{ selectedItem.code.length }} 字符
+                {{ selectedItem.execution_time }} ms · {{ selectedItem.code.length }} {{ t('history.chars') }}
               </div>
             </div>
 
             <div class="flex items-center gap-2">
               <Button v-if="selectedItem.id != null" type="secondary" variant="outline" size="sm" :icon="Sparkles" @click="openAi">
-                {{ hasAi(selectedItem) ? 'AI 对话' : '问 AI' }}
+                {{ hasAi(selectedItem) ? t('history.aiChat') : t('history.askAi') }}
               </Button>
               <Button type="secondary" variant="outline" size="sm" :icon="Copy" @click="copyOutput">
-                复制输出
+                {{ t('history.copyOutput') }}
               </Button>
               <Button type="secondary" variant="outline" size="sm" :icon="RotateCcw" @click="restoreSelected">
-                恢复代码
+                {{ t('history.restoreCode') }}
               </Button>
               <Button size="sm" :icon="Play" @click="rerunSelected">
-                重新运行
+                {{ t('history.rerun') }}
               </Button>
             </div>
           </div>
@@ -95,14 +95,14 @@
           <div class="flex-1 min-h-0 grid grid-rows-[minmax(0,1fr)_minmax(0,1fr)]">
             <div class="min-h-0 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex flex-col">
               <div class="px-4 py-2 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">
-                代码
+                {{ t('history.code') }}
               </div>
               <pre class="flex-1 overflow-auto p-4 text-sm leading-relaxed bg-white dark:bg-gray-950 text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100 font-mono whitespace-pre-wrap">{{ selectedItem.code }}</pre>
             </div>
 
             <div class="min-h-0 flex flex-col">
               <div class="px-4 py-2 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">
-                输出
+                {{ t('history.output') }}
               </div>
               <!-- SQL：用表格视图渲染，与运行时一致 -->
               <div v-if="selectedItem.language === 'sql'" class="flex-1 overflow-auto p-3 bg-white dark:bg-gray-900">
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
 
         <div v-else class="h-full flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-gray-400 space-y-2">
           <History class="w-12 h-12"/>
-          <p class="text-sm">选择一条历史记录查看详情</p>
+          <p class="text-sm">{{ t('history.selectHint') }}</p>
         </div>
       </section>
     </div>
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@
                 :icon="Trash2"
                 :disabled="total === 0"
                 @click="clearHistory">
-          清空历史
+          {{ t('history.clear') }}
         </Button>
-        <Button type="secondary" size="sm" @click="visible = false">关闭</Button>
+        <Button type="secondary" size="sm" @click="visible = false">{{ t('history.close') }}</Button>
       </div>
     </template>
   </Modal>
@@ -146,6 +146,7 @@ import Button from '../ui/Button.vue'
 import SqlResultTable from './SqlResultTable.vue'
 import type { ExecutionResult, Language } from '../types/app'
 import { useToast } from '../plugins/toast'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 
 interface ExecutionHistoryPage
 {
@@ -166,6 +167,7 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 }>()
 
 const toast = useToast()
+const { t } = useI18n()
 const history = ref<ExecutionResult[]>([])
 // 有 AI 对话的执行 id 集合
 const aiConversationIds = ref<Set<number>>(new Set())
@@ -189,7 +191,7 @@ const selectedOutput = computed(() => {
   }
   const stdout = selectedItem.value.stdout.trim()
   const stderr = selectedItem.value.stderr.trim()
-  return [stdout, stderr].filter(Boolean).join('\n\n') || '代码执行成功 (无输出)'
+  return [stdout, stderr].filter(Boolean).join('\n\n') || t('history.noOutput')
 })
 
 const getLanguageDisplayName = (languageValue: string) => {
@@ -240,7 +242,7 @@ const reloadHistory = async () => {
     await loadAiConversationIds()
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('加载执行历史失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('history.loadFailed') + error)
   }
   finally {
     isLoading.value = false
@@ -257,7 +259,7 @@ const loadMoreHistory = async () => {
     await loadHistoryPage(history.value.length)
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('加载更多历史失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('history.loadMoreFailed') + error)
   }
   finally {
     isLoadingMore.value = false
@@ -278,10 +280,10 @@ const clearHistory = async () => {
     history.value = []
     selectedItem.value = null
     total.value = 0
-    toast.success('执行历史已清空')
+    toast.success(t('history.cleared'))
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('清空执行历史失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('history.clearFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -315,10 +317,10 @@ const copyOutput = async () => {
   }
   try {
     await navigator.clipboard.writeText(selectedOutput.value)
-    toast.success('输出已复制')
+    toast.success(t('history.outputCopied'))
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('复制失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('history.copyFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/components/GitPanel.vue b/src/components/GitPanel.vue
index 73348e8..10642e6 100644
--- a/src/components/GitPanel.vue
+++ b/src/components/GitPanel.vue
@@ -10,17 +10,17 @@
                 @change="onBranchChange">
           <option v-for="b in branches" :key="b" :value="b" class="dark:bg-gray-800">{{ b }}</option>
         </select>
-        <span v-else class="text-gray-400">非 Git 仓库</span>
+        <span v-else class="text-gray-400">{{ t('git.notRepo') }}</span>
         <span v-if="status.ahead || status.behind" class="text-xs text-gray-400 flex-shrink-0">
           <span v-if="status.ahead">↑{{ status.ahead }}</span>
           <span v-if="status.behind">↓{{ status.behind }}</span>
         </span>
       </div>
       <div class="flex items-center gap-2 flex-shrink-0">
-        <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" title="刷新" @click="refresh">
+        <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" :title="t('git.refresh')" @click="refresh">
           <RefreshCw class="w-4 h-4" :class="{ 'animate-spin': loading }"/>
         </button>
-        <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" title="关闭" @click="emit('close')">
+        <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" :title="t('git.close')" @click="emit('close')">
           <X class="w-4 h-4"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -31,22 +31,22 @@
       <div class="flex-1 overflow-y-auto">
         <div v-if="staged.length" class="py-1">
           <div class="px-4 py-1 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 flex items-center justify-between">
-            <span>暂存的更改 ({{ staged.length }})</span>
-            <button class="text-blue-500 hover:underline cursor-pointer" @click="unstageAll">全部取消暂存</button>
+            <span>{{ t('git.staged') }} ({{ staged.length }})</span>
+            <button class="text-blue-500 hover:underline cursor-pointer" @click="unstageAll">{{ t('git.unstageAll') }}</button>
           </div>
           <FileRow v-for="f in staged" :key="'s' + f.path" :file="f" staged @toggle="unstage([f.path])" @open="openFile(f.path)"/>
         </div>
 
         <div v-if="unstaged.length" class="py-1">
           <div class="px-4 py-1 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 flex items-center justify-between">
-            <span>更改 ({{ unstaged.length }})</span>
-            <button class="text-blue-500 hover:underline cursor-pointer" @click="stageAll">全部暂存</button>
+            <span>{{ t('git.changes') }} ({{ unstaged.length }})</span>
+            <button class="text-blue-500 hover:underline cursor-pointer" @click="stageAll">{{ t('git.stageAll') }}</button>
           </div>
           <FileRow v-for="f in unstaged" :key="'u' + f.path" :file="f" @toggle="stage([f.path])" @open="openFile(f.path)"/>
         </div>
 
         <div v-if="!staged.length && !unstaged.length" class="px-4 py-10 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">
-          没有未提交的更改
+          {{ t('git.clean') }}
         </div>
       </div>
 
@@ -56,25 +56,25 @@
           <textarea v-model="message"
                     rows="3"
                     class="w-full text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-800 rounded px-2 py-1.5 pr-9 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-500 resize-none"
-                    placeholder="提交信息…（Cmd/Ctrl+Enter 提交）"
+                    :placeholder="t('git.messagePlaceholder')"
                     @keydown.meta.enter.prevent="commit"
                     @keydown.ctrl.enter.prevent="commit"/>
           <button class="absolute top-1.5 right-1.5 p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 disabled:opacity-40 disabled:cursor-not-allowed cursor-pointer"
                   :disabled="generating"
-                  title="用 AI 根据改动生成提交信息"
+                  :title="t('git.aiGenTitle')"
                   @click="genMessage">
             <Sparkles class="w-4 h-4" :class="{ 'animate-pulse': generating }"/>
           </button>
         </div>
         <div class="flex items-center gap-2">
           <Button size="sm" custom-class="[transform:translateZ(0)]" :loading="pending === 'commit'" :disabled="busy || !canCommit" @click="commit">
-            提交{{ staged.length ? ` (${staged.length})` : '' }}
+            {{ t('git.commit') }}{{ staged.length ? ` (${staged.length})` : '' }}
           </Button>
           <Button size="sm" type="secondary" custom-class="[transform:translateZ(0)]" :loading="pending === 'commitPush'" :disabled="busy" @click="commitAndPush">
-            提交并推送
+            {{ t('git.commitPush') }}
           </Button>
           <Button size="sm" type="secondary" custom-class="[transform:translateZ(0)]" :loading="pending === 'push'" :disabled="busy" @click="push">
-            推送{{ status.ahead ? ` (↑${status.ahead})` : '' }}
+            {{ t('git.push') }}{{ status.ahead ? ` (↑${status.ahead})` : '' }}
           </Button>
         </div>
       </div>
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {GitBranch, RefreshCw, Sparkles, X} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import Button from '../ui/Button.vue'
 import {useToast} from '../plugins/toast'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {useAiConfig} from '../composables/useAiConfig'
 
 interface GitFile { path: string; index: string; worktree: string }
@@ -97,6 +98,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{ rootDir: string }>()
 const emit = defineEmits<{ close: []; refresh: []; open: [path: string] }>()
 
 const toast = useToast()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 const {active, reload: reloadAi} = useAiConfig()
 
 const status = ref<GitStatusData>({is_repo: false, branch: '', ahead: 0, behind: 0, files: []})
@@ -129,7 +131,7 @@ const refresh = async () => {
     emit('refresh')
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('读取 Git 状态失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('git.statusFailed') + ': ' + error)
   }
   finally {
     loading.value = false
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ const stage = async (paths: string[]) => {
     await refresh()
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('暂存失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('git.stageFailed') + ': ' + error)
   }
 }
 const unstage = async (paths: string[]) => {
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ const unstage = async (paths: string[]) => {
     await refresh()
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('取消暂存失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('git.unstageFailed') + ': ' + error)
   }
 }
 const stageAll = () => stage(unstaged.value.map(f => f.path))
@@ -175,11 +177,11 @@ const commit = async () => {
   pending.value = 'commit'
   try {
     await doCommit()
-    toast.success('已提交')
+    toast.success(t('git.committed'))
     await refresh()
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('提交失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('git.commitFailed') + ': ' + error)
   }
   finally {
     pending.value = null
@@ -190,11 +192,11 @@ const push = async () => {
   pending.value = 'push'
   try {
     await doPush()
-    toast.success('已推送')
+    toast.success(t('git.pushed'))
     await refresh()
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('推送失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('git.pushFailed') + ': ' + error)
   }
   finally {
     pending.value = null
@@ -203,18 +205,18 @@ const push = async () => {
 
 const commitAndPush = async () => {
   if (!canCommit.value) {
-    toast.info('请填写提交信息并暂存改动')
+    toast.info(t('git.needMessage'))
     return
   }
   pending.value = 'commitPush'
   try {
     await doCommit()
     await doPush()
-    toast.success('已提交并推送')
+    toast.success(t('git.committedPushed'))
     await refresh()
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('提交并推送失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('git.commitPushFailed') + ': ' + error)
   }
   finally {
     pending.value = null
@@ -228,11 +230,11 @@ const onBranchChange = async (e: Event) => {
   }
   try {
     await invoke('git_checkout', {root: props.rootDir, branch})
-    toast.success(`已切换到 ${branch}`)
+    toast.success(t('git.switched', { branch }))
     await refresh()
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('切换分支失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('git.switchFailed') + ': ' + error)
     await refresh()
   }
 }
@@ -254,14 +256,14 @@ const genMessage = async () => {
   }
   reloadAi()
   if (!active.value.apiKey) {
-    toast.info('请先在设置中配置 AI 的 API Key')
+    toast.info(t('git.aiNeedKey'))
     return
   }
   generating.value = true
   try {
     const diff = await invoke<string>('git_diff', {root: props.rootDir})
     if (!diff.trim()) {
-      toast.info('没有可用于生成的改动')
+      toast.info(t('git.noDiff'))
       return
     }
     const prompt = `根据下面的 git diff 生成一条简洁的中文提交信息，格式为「类型: 描述」（类型如 feat/fix/docs/refactor/chore），只输出一行提交信息，不要解释、不要代码块：\n\n${diff}`
@@ -276,7 +278,7 @@ const genMessage = async () => {
     message.value = cleanupMessage(res)
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('生成失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('git.genFailed') + ': ' + error)
   }
   finally {
     generating.value = false
diff --git a/src/components/GoToLine.vue b/src/components/GoToLine.vue
index 1de5910..e7febed 100644
--- a/src/components/GoToLine.vue
+++ b/src/components/GoToLine.vue
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@
                type="text"
                inputmode="numeric"
                class="flex-1 px-2 py-2.5 text-sm bg-transparent focus:outline-none"
-               :placeholder="`跳转到行（1 - ${maxLine}）`"
+               :placeholder="t('dialog.gotoLinePlaceholder', { max: maxLine })"
                @keydown.enter.prevent="submit"
                @keydown.esc.prevent="emit('close')"/>
       </div>
       <div class="px-3 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-400">
-        共 {{ maxLine }} 行 · 回车跳转
+        {{ t('dialog.gotoLineHint', { n: maxLine }) }}
       </div>
     </div>
   </div>
@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {onMounted, ref} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {CornerDownRight} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
 const props = defineProps<{ maxLine: number }>()
 const emit = defineEmits<{ go: [line: number]; close: [] }>()
 
diff --git a/src/components/InlineGenerate.vue b/src/components/InlineGenerate.vue
index 5cce058..6cd7f2f 100644
--- a/src/components/InlineGenerate.vue
+++ b/src/components/InlineGenerate.vue
@@ -3,40 +3,40 @@
     <!-- 需求输入 -->
     <div class="flex items-center px-3 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
       <Sparkles class="w-4 h-4 text-blue-500 flex-shrink-0"/>
-      <span v-if="isEdit" class="ml-1.5 text-[11px] px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-blue-100 text-blue-600 flex-shrink-0">改写选中</span>
+      <span v-if="isEdit" class="ml-1.5 text-[11px] px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-blue-100 text-blue-600 flex-shrink-0">{{ t('inlineGen.editBadge') }}</span>
       <input ref="inputRef"
              v-model="prompt"
              class="flex-1 px-2 py-2.5 text-sm bg-transparent focus:outline-none"
-             :placeholder="isEdit ? '描述如何修改选中的代码…' : `用自然语言描述要生成的${language}代码…`"
+             :placeholder="isEdit ? t('inlineGen.editPlaceholder') : t('inlineGen.genPlaceholder', { lang: language })"
              :disabled="loading"
              @keydown.enter.prevent="generate"
              @keydown.esc.prevent="emit('close')"/>
       <button class="text-xs px-3 py-1 rounded bg-blue-500 text-white hover:bg-blue-600 disabled:opacity-50 cursor-pointer flex-shrink-0"
               :disabled="loading || !prompt.trim()"
               @click="generate">
-        {{ result === null ? '生成' : '重新生成' }}
+        {{ result === null ? t('inlineGen.generate') : t('inlineGen.regenerate') }}
       </button>
     </div>
 
-    <div v-if="loading" class="px-3 py-3 text-xs text-gray-400 flex-shrink-0">生成中…</div>
+    <div v-if="loading" class="px-3 py-3 text-xs text-gray-400 flex-shrink-0">{{ t('inlineGen.generating') }}</div>
 
     <!-- 生成结果：可编辑，确认后才插入 -->
     <template v-else-if="result !== null">
       <div class="px-3 py-1 text-[11px] text-gray-400 border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
-        生成结果（可编辑后插入）
+        {{ t('inlineGen.resultHint') }}
       </div>
       <textarea v-model="result"
                 class="flex-1 min-h-[120px] w-full font-mono text-xs leading-relaxed px-3 py-2 bg-transparent resize-none focus:outline-none"
                 spellcheck="false"
                 @keydown.esc.prevent="emit('close')"></textarea>
       <div class="flex items-center justify-end gap-2 px-3 py-2 border-t border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
-        <button class="text-xs px-3 py-1 rounded text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="emit('close')">取消</button>
-        <button class="text-xs px-3 py-1 rounded bg-blue-500 text-white hover:bg-blue-600 cursor-pointer" @click="confirm">插入到编辑器</button>
+        <button class="text-xs px-3 py-1 rounded text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="emit('close')">{{ t('inlineGen.cancel') }}</button>
+        <button class="text-xs px-3 py-1 rounded bg-blue-500 text-white hover:bg-blue-600 cursor-pointer" @click="confirm">{{ t('inlineGen.insert') }}</button>
       </div>
     </template>
 
     <div v-else class="px-3 py-1.5 text-[11px] text-gray-400 flex-shrink-0">
-      Enter 生成结果，确认后再插入到光标处；Esc 取消
+      {{ t('inlineGen.footerHint') }}
     </div>
   </div>
 </template>
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 import {computed, onMounted, ref} from 'vue'
 import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {Sparkles} from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {useAiConfig} from '../composables/useAiConfig'
 import {useToast} from '../plugins/toast'
 
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{ language: string; selection?: string }>()
 const emit = defineEmits<{ insert: [code: string]; close: [] }>()
 
 const toast = useToast()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 const {active, reload} = useAiConfig()
 
 const isEdit = computed(() => !!props.selection?.trim())
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ const generate = async () => {
 
   reload()
   if (!active.value.apiKey) {
-    toast.error('请先在 设置 → AI 中填写 API Key')
+    toast.error(t('chat.needKey'))
     return
   }
 
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ const generate = async () => {
     result.value = stripFences(reply)
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('生成失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('inlineGen.genFailed') + error)
   }
   finally {
     loading.value = false
diff --git a/src/components/JsonNode.vue b/src/components/JsonNode.vue
index a1394c3..30ff5c7 100644
--- a/src/components/JsonNode.vue
+++ b/src/components/JsonNode.vue
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
         <template v-if="isContainer">
           <span class="text-gray-500">{{ openBracket }}</span>
           <template v-if="!open">
-            <span class="cursor-pointer text-gray-400" @click="open = true"> {{ entries.length }} {{ isArray ? '项' : '键' }} </span>
+            <span class="cursor-pointer text-gray-400" @click="open = true"> {{ entries.length }} {{ isArray ? t('view.items') : t('view.keys') }} </span>
             <span class="text-gray-500">{{ closeBracket }}</span>
           </template>
           <span v-else-if="entries.length === 0" class="text-gray-500">{{ closeBracket }}</span>
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, ref} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
+
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 const props = defineProps<{
   value: any
diff --git a/src/components/JsonView.vue b/src/components/JsonView.vue
index 7d1297d..9361746 100644
--- a/src/components/JsonView.vue
+++ b/src/components/JsonView.vue
@@ -4,22 +4,22 @@
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-3 py-1.5 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
       <div class="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
         <Braces class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
-        <span>JSON 视图</span>
-        <span v-if="isRunning" class="text-blue-500">运行中…</span>
-        <span v-else-if="executionTime" class="text-gray-400">{{ executionTime }} ms</span>
-        <span v-if="parseError" class="text-red-500">解析失败</span>
+        <span>{{ t('view.jsonTitle') }}</span>
+        <span v-if="isRunning" class="text-blue-500">{{ t('view.running') }}</span>
+        <span v-else-if="executionTime" class="text-gray-400">{{ t('view.ms', { n: executionTime }) }}</span>
+        <span v-if="parseError" class="text-red-500">{{ t('view.parseFailed') }}</span>
       </div>
       <div class="flex items-center gap-1">
         <button class="p-1 rounded cursor-pointer hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700"
                 :class="mode === 'graph' ? 'text-blue-500' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'"
-                :title="mode === 'graph' ? '切换为层级树' : '切换为可视化关系图'"
+                :title="mode === 'graph' ? t('view.toTree') : t('view.toGraph')"
                 @click="mode = mode === 'graph' ? 'tree' : 'graph'">
           <Network class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
-        <button v-if="parsed !== undefined" class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="复制" @click="copyJson">
+        <button v-if="parsed !== undefined" class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('view.copy')" @click="copyJson">
           <Copy class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
-        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="清空" @click="emit('clear')">
+        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('view.clear')" @click="emit('clear')">
           <Trash2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 
     <!-- 层级树 / 占位 / 错误 -->
     <div v-else class="flex-1 overflow-auto p-2 font-mono text-xs">
-      <div v-if="!stable.trim()" class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">运行后在此查看 JSON</div>
+      <div v-if="!stable.trim()" class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">{{ t('view.emptyJson') }}</div>
       <div v-else-if="parseError" class="space-y-2">
         <div class="text-red-500">{{ parseError }}</div>
         <pre class="whitespace-pre-wrap text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{{ stable }}</pre>
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ import {Braces, Copy, Network, Trash2} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import JsonNode from './JsonNode.vue'
 import DataGraph from './DataGraph.vue'
 import {useToast} from '../plugins/toast'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 
 const props = defineProps<{
   output: string
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{
 const emit = defineEmits<{ clear: [] }>()
 
 const toast = useToast()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 // 流式输出逐行刷新 output，解析/渲染防抖，避免每行都重建整棵树导致卡死
 const stable = ref(props.output)
@@ -72,7 +74,7 @@ const parseError = computed(() => {
     return ''
   }
   catch (e: any) {
-    return 'JSON 解析失败：' + (e?.message || e)
+    return t('view.jsonParseFail') + (e?.message || e)
   }
 })
 
@@ -91,10 +93,10 @@ const mode = ref<'tree' | 'graph'>('tree')
 const copyJson = async () => {
   try {
     await navigator.clipboard.writeText(JSON.stringify(parsed.value, null, 2))
-    toast.success('已复制格式化 JSON')
+    toast.success(t('view.jsonCopied'))
   }
   catch {
-    toast.error('复制失败')
+    toast.error(t('view.copyFailed'))
   }
 }
 </script>
diff --git a/src/components/LargeFileViewer.vue b/src/components/LargeFileViewer.vue
index a5d8c7e..4874f1f 100644
--- a/src/components/LargeFileViewer.vue
+++ b/src/components/LargeFileViewer.vue
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@
       <div class="flex items-center space-x-3 min-w-0">
         <FileText class="w-4 h-4 text-gray-500 flex-shrink-0"/>
         <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 truncate">{{ fileName }}</span>
-        <span class="text-xs px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 flex-shrink-0">只读</span>
-        <span class="text-xs text-gray-400 flex-shrink-0">{{ humanSize }} · 共 {{ lineCount.toLocaleString() }} 行</span>
+        <span class="text-xs px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 flex-shrink-0">{{ t('largeFile.readonly') }}</span>
+        <span class="text-xs text-gray-400 flex-shrink-0">{{ humanSize }} · {{ t('largeFile.lineCount', { n: lineCount.toLocaleString() }) }}</span>
       </div>
       <div class="flex items-center space-x-3 flex-shrink-0">
         <span class="text-xs text-gray-400">{{ rangeText }}</span>
-        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-700 dark:hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="关闭" @click="emit('close')">
+        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-700 dark:hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('largeFile.close')" @click="emit('close')">
           <X class="w-4 h-4"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -34,8 +34,11 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, onMounted, ref} from 'vue'
 import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {FileText, X} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 const props = defineProps<{
   filePath: string
   lineCount: number
@@ -67,7 +70,7 @@ const bottomPad = computed(() => Math.max(0, (props.lineCount - windowStart.valu
 
 const rangeText = computed(() => {
   if (windowLines.value.length === 0) return ''
-  return `第 ${windowStart.value + 1}–${windowStart.value + windowLines.value.length} 行`
+  return t('largeFile.range', { from: windowStart.value + 1, to: windowStart.value + windowLines.value.length })
 })
 
 const visibleCount = () => Math.ceil((scroller.value?.clientHeight || 600) / lineHeight)
@@ -97,7 +100,7 @@ const loadWindow = async () => {
     windowLines.value = lines
   }
   catch (error) {
-    console.error('读取文件行失败:', error)
+    console.error(t('largeFile.readFailed'), error)
   }
   loading = false
   if (pending) {
diff --git a/src/components/MarkdownView.vue b/src/components/MarkdownView.vue
index 1246312..38f15ad 100644
--- a/src/components/MarkdownView.vue
+++ b/src/components/MarkdownView.vue
@@ -4,18 +4,18 @@
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-3 py-1.5 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
       <div class="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
         <FileText class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
-        <span>Markdown 预览</span>
-        <span v-if="isRunning" class="text-blue-500">运行中…</span>
-        <span v-else-if="executionTime" class="text-gray-400">{{ executionTime }} ms</span>
+        <span>{{ t('view.mdTitle') }}</span>
+        <span v-if="isRunning" class="text-blue-500">{{ t('view.running') }}</span>
+        <span v-else-if="executionTime" class="text-gray-400">{{ t('view.ms', { n: executionTime }) }}</span>
       </div>
-      <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="清空" @click="emit('clear')">
+      <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('view.clear')" @click="emit('clear')">
         <Trash2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
       </button>
     </div>
 
     <!-- 渲染内容 -->
     <div class="flex-1 overflow-auto">
-      <div v-if="!stable.trim()" class="text-gray-400 px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm">运行后在此查看 Markdown 预览</div>
+      <div v-if="!stable.trim()" class="text-gray-400 px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm">{{ t('view.emptyMd') }}</div>
       <div v-else class="markdown-body px-6 py-5 text-sm text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-200" v-html="rendered"/>
     </div>
   </div>
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {debounce} from 'lodash-es'
 import {FileText, Trash2} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import MarkdownIt from 'markdown-it'
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{
   executionTime?: number
 }>()
 const emit = defineEmits<{ clear: [] }>()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 // 允许 Markdown 中的 HTML，渲染后用 DOMPurify 净化（去除 script 等危险内容）防 XSS
 const md = new MarkdownIt({html: true, linkify: true, breaks: true})
diff --git a/src/components/Outline.vue b/src/components/Outline.vue
index 0032845..b3fdc78 100644
--- a/src/components/Outline.vue
+++ b/src/components/Outline.vue
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
         <input ref="inputRef"
                v-model="query"
                class="flex-1 px-2 py-2.5 text-sm bg-transparent focus:outline-none"
-               placeholder="跳转到符号…"
+               :placeholder="t('dialog.outlinePlaceholder')"
                @keydown.down.prevent="move(1)"
                @keydown.up.prevent="move(-1)"
                @keydown.enter.prevent="choose(filtered[activeIndex])"
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
       </div>
 
       <div ref="listRef" class="overflow-y-auto py-1">
-        <div v-if="symbols.length === 0" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">未识别到符号</div>
-        <div v-else-if="filtered.length === 0" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">无匹配符号</div>
+        <div v-if="symbols.length === 0" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">{{ t('dialog.outlineNoSymbols') }}</div>
+        <div v-else-if="filtered.length === 0" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">{{ t('dialog.outlineEmpty') }}</div>
 
         <button v-for="(s, i) in filtered"
                 :key="s.line + ':' + s.name"
@@ -37,8 +37,11 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, nextTick, onMounted, ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {ListTree} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 interface Symbol { name: string; kind: string; line: number }
 
 const props = defineProps<{ code: string; language?: string }>()
diff --git a/src/components/PivotTable.vue b/src/components/PivotTable.vue
index ed66b7b..40a3a1d 100644
--- a/src/components/PivotTable.vue
+++ b/src/components/PivotTable.vue
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     <!-- 配置侧栏：字段区独立滚动，行/列/值放置区固定在下方始终可见 -->
     <div class="w-52 flex-shrink-0 border-r border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex flex-col min-h-0 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/40 text-xs">
       <div class="flex-1 min-h-0 overflow-y-auto px-3 py-2 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700">
-        <div class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-1.5">字段（拖拽到下方区域）</div>
+        <div class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-1.5">{{ t('sql.fields') }}</div>
         <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
           <div v-for="f in columns" :key="f" draggable="true"
                class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1 rounded border bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-blue-400 cursor-grab active:cursor-grabbing select-none"
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
             <th v-for="ck in pivot.colKeys" :key="ck" class="bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-800 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 px-2 py-1 text-right text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 font-medium whitespace-nowrap">
               {{ ck }}
             </th>
-            <th v-if="pivot.colKeys.length > 1" class="bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-800 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 px-2 py-1 text-right text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 font-semibold whitespace-nowrap">合计</th>
+            <th v-if="pivot.colKeys.length > 1" class="bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-800 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 px-2 py-1 text-right text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 font-semibold whitespace-nowrap">{{ t('sql.total') }}</th>
           </tr>
         </thead>
         <tbody>
@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@
             <td v-if="pivot.colKeys.length > 1" class="border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 px-2 py-1 text-right font-semibold text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 whitespace-nowrap tabular-nums">{{ fmt(pivot.rowTotal(rk)) }}</td>
           </tr>
           <tr v-if="pivot.rowKeys.length > 1" class="bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/60 font-semibold">
-            <td class="sticky left-0 z-10 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 px-2 py-1 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">合计</td>
+            <td class="sticky left-0 z-10 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 px-2 py-1 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('sql.total') }}</td>
             <td v-for="ck in pivot.colKeys" :key="ck" class="border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 px-2 py-1 text-right text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 tabular-nums">{{ fmt(pivot.colTotal(ck)) }}</td>
             <td v-if="pivot.colKeys.length > 1" class="border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 px-2 py-1 text-right text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 tabular-nums">{{ fmt(pivot.grandTotal()) }}</td>
           </tr>
         </tbody>
       </table>
       <div v-else class="h-full flex items-center justify-center text-gray-400 text-xs">
-        把字段拖到「值」即可生成透视表
+        {{ t('sql.pivotHint') }}
       </div>
     </div>
   </div>
@@ -70,9 +70,12 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, ref} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {Hash, Type, X} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import Select from '../ui/Select.vue'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 const props = defineProps<{
   columns: string[]
   rows: any[][]
@@ -85,19 +88,19 @@ const agg = ref<'sum' | 'count' | 'avg' | 'min' | 'max'>('sum')
 const dragField = ref('')
 const dragOver = ref('')
 
-const aggOptions = [
-  {value: 'sum', label: '求和'},
-  {value: 'count', label: '计数'},
-  {value: 'avg', label: '平均'},
-  {value: 'min', label: '最小'},
-  {value: 'max', label: '最大'}
-]
+const aggOptions = computed(() => [
+  {value: 'sum', label: t('sql.sum')},
+  {value: 'count', label: t('sql.count')},
+  {value: 'avg', label: t('sql.avg')},
+  {value: 'min', label: t('sql.min')},
+  {value: 'max', label: t('sql.max')}
+])
 
-const zones = [
-  {key: 'row', label: '行', hint: '拖入行字段', list: rowFields, cls: 'bg-blue-100 dark:bg-blue-900/40 text-blue-700 dark:text-blue-300'},
-  {key: 'col', label: '列', hint: '拖入列字段', list: colFields, cls: 'bg-indigo-100 dark:bg-indigo-900/40 text-indigo-700 dark:text-indigo-300'},
-  {key: 'val', label: '值', hint: '拖入数值字段', list: valFields, cls: 'bg-emerald-100 dark:bg-emerald-900/40 text-emerald-700 dark:text-emerald-300'}
-] as const
+const zones = computed(() => [
+  {key: 'row' as const, label: t('sql.zoneRow'), hint: t('sql.hintRow'), list: rowFields, cls: 'bg-blue-100 dark:bg-blue-900/40 text-blue-700 dark:text-blue-300'},
+  {key: 'col' as const, label: t('sql.zoneCol'), hint: t('sql.hintCol'), list: colFields, cls: 'bg-indigo-100 dark:bg-indigo-900/40 text-indigo-700 dark:text-indigo-300'},
+  {key: 'val' as const, label: t('sql.zoneVal'), hint: t('sql.hintVal'), list: valFields, cls: 'bg-emerald-100 dark:bg-emerald-900/40 text-emerald-700 dark:text-emerald-300'}
+])
 
 // 数值列判定：该列存在可解析为数字的非空值
 const numericCols = computed(() => {
@@ -165,7 +168,7 @@ const pivot = computed(() => {
   const bucket = new Map<string, number[]>()
   const cellKey = (rk: string, ck: string) => rk + '' + ck
   for (const row of props.rows) {
-    const rk = rowFields.value.length ? keyOf(row, rowFields.value) : '全部'
+    const rk = rowFields.value.length ? keyOf(row, rowFields.value) : t('sql.all')
     const ck = colFields.value.length ? keyOf(row, colFields.value) : (valField)
     rowKeySet.add(rk)
     colKeySet.add(ck)
diff --git a/src/components/PreviewPanel.vue b/src/components/PreviewPanel.vue
index f5da0d4..6697aad 100644
--- a/src/components/PreviewPanel.vue
+++ b/src/components/PreviewPanel.vue
@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
       <div class="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">
         <Eye class="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400"/>
-        <span>实时预览</span>
+        <span>{{ t('preview.title') }}</span>
         <span class="text-xs text-gray-400">· {{ kindLabel }}</span>
       </div>
-      <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" title="关闭预览" @click="emit('close')">
+      <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" :title="t('preview.close')" @click="emit('close')">
         <X class="w-4 h-4"/>
       </button>
     </div>
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
            v-html="rendered"/>
       <!-- 不支持的类型 -->
       <div v-else class="px-6 py-10 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">
-        当前文件类型不支持预览（仅支持 Markdown 与 HTML）
+        {{ t('preview.unsupported') }}
       </div>
     </div>
   </div>
@@ -31,10 +31,13 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {Eye, X} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import MarkdownIt from 'markdown-it'
 import DOMPurify from 'dompurify'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 const props = defineProps<{
   content: string
   language?: string
@@ -58,7 +61,7 @@ const kind = computed<'markdown' | 'html' | 'none'>(() => {
   return 'none'
 })
 
-const kindLabel = computed(() => ({markdown: 'Markdown', html: 'HTML', none: '不支持'}[kind.value]))
+const kindLabel = computed(() => ({markdown: 'Markdown', html: 'HTML', none: t('preview.unsupportedLabel')}[kind.value]))
 
 const rendered = computed(() => (kind.value === 'markdown' ? DOMPurify.sanitize(md.render(props.content || '')) : ''))
 </script>
diff --git a/src/components/QuickOpen.vue b/src/components/QuickOpen.vue
index 6cfe82b..44fec6d 100644
--- a/src/components/QuickOpen.vue
+++ b/src/components/QuickOpen.vue
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
         <input ref="inputRef"
                v-model="query"
                class="flex-1 px-2 py-2.5 text-sm bg-transparent focus:outline-none"
-               placeholder="按文件名快速打开…"
+               :placeholder="t('dialog.quickOpenPlaceholder')"
                @keydown.down.prevent="move(1)"
                @keydown.up.prevent="move(-1)"
                @keydown.enter.prevent="choose(filtered[activeIndex])"
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
       </div>
 
       <div ref="listRef" class="overflow-y-auto py-1">
-        <div v-if="loading" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">加载文件列表…</div>
-        <div v-else-if="filtered.length === 0" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">无匹配文件</div>
+        <div v-if="loading" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">{{ t('dialog.quickOpenLoading') }}</div>
+        <div v-else-if="filtered.length === 0" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">{{ t('dialog.quickOpenEmpty') }}</div>
 
         <button v-for="(file, i) in filtered"
                 :key="file.path"
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
           <FileText class="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400 flex-shrink-0 mr-2"/>
           <span class="text-sm text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100 truncate">{{ file.name }}</span>
           <span class="ml-2 text-xs text-gray-400 truncate">{{ file.dir }}</span>
-          <span v-if="!query && recentSet.has(file.path)" class="ml-auto pl-2 text-[10px] text-blue-500 flex-shrink-0">最近</span>
+          <span v-if="!query && recentSet.has(file.path)" class="ml-auto pl-2 text-[10px] text-blue-500 flex-shrink-0">{{ t('dialog.recent') }}</span>
         </button>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -37,9 +37,12 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, nextTick, onMounted, ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {FileText, Search} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 interface FileItem
 {
   path: string
diff --git a/src/components/SchemaBrowser.vue b/src/components/SchemaBrowser.vue
index 213ac54..7ffd3ce 100644
--- a/src/components/SchemaBrowser.vue
+++ b/src/components/SchemaBrowser.vue
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 <template>
   <div class="inline-block">
     <button ref="btnRef" class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer"
-            title="数据库结构" @click="toggle">
+            :title="t('sql.schemaTitle')" @click="toggle">
       <Database class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
-      <span>结构</span>
+      <span>{{ t('sql.schema') }}</span>
     </button>
 
     <Teleport to="body">
@@ -13,21 +13,21 @@
              :style="{left: pos.left + 'px', top: pos.top + 'px', maxHeight: pos.maxH + 'px'}">
           <div class="sticky top-0 z-10 bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700">
             <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-3 py-2">
-              <span class="font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 truncate">结构 · {{ activeLabel() }}</span>
-              <button class="p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer flex-shrink-0" title="刷新" @click="load">
+              <span class="font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 truncate">{{ t('sql.schema') }} · {{ activeLabel() }}</span>
+              <button class="p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer flex-shrink-0" :title="t('sql.refresh')" @click="load">
                 <RefreshCw class="w-3.5 h-3.5" :class="loading ? 'animate-spin' : ''"/>
               </button>
             </div>
             <div class="px-2 pb-2">
-              <input v-model="filter" type="text" :placeholder="mode === 'databases' ? '搜索数据库…' : '搜索表 / 字段…'"
+              <input v-model="filter" type="text" :placeholder="mode === 'databases' ? t('sql.searchDb') : t('sql.searchTable')"
                      class="w-full px-2 py-1 text-xs rounded border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-900 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-400"/>
             </div>
           </div>
 
-          <div v-if="loading" class="px-3 py-4 text-center text-gray-400">加载中…</div>
+          <div v-if="loading" class="px-3 py-4 text-center text-gray-400">{{ t('sql.loading') }}</div>
           <div v-else-if="error" class="px-3 py-3 text-red-500 whitespace-pre-wrap">{{ error }}</div>
-          <div v-else-if="mode === 'databases' && databases.length === 0" class="px-3 py-4 text-center text-gray-400">无数据库</div>
-          <div v-else-if="mode === 'tables' && tables.length === 0" class="px-3 py-4 text-center text-gray-400">无表</div>
+          <div v-else-if="mode === 'databases' && databases.length === 0" class="px-3 py-4 text-center text-gray-400">{{ t('sql.noDatabase') }}</div>
+          <div v-else-if="mode === 'tables' && tables.length === 0" class="px-3 py-4 text-center text-gray-400">{{ t('sql.noTable') }}</div>
 
           <!-- 库 → 表 → 字段 -->
           <div v-else-if="mode === 'databases'" class="py-1">
@@ -39,54 +39,54 @@
                 <RefreshCw v-if="db.loading" class="w-3 h-3 text-gray-400 animate-spin"/>
               </div>
               <div v-if="db.expanded && db.tables" class="pl-4">
-                <template v-for="t in matchTables(db.tables)" :key="t.name">
-                  <div class="group flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="toggleTable(db.name + '.' + t.name)">
-                    <ChevronRight class="w-3 h-3 text-gray-400 transition-transform flex-shrink-0" :class="isOpen(db.name + '.' + t.name) ? 'rotate-90' : ''"/>
+                <template v-for="tbl in matchTables(db.tables)" :key="tbl.name">
+                  <div class="group flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="toggleTable(db.name + '.' + tbl.name)">
+                    <ChevronRight class="w-3 h-3 text-gray-400 transition-transform flex-shrink-0" :class="isOpen(db.name + '.' + tbl.name) ? 'rotate-90' : ''"/>
                     <Table2 class="w-3 h-3 text-blue-500 flex-shrink-0"/>
-                    <span class="flex-1 truncate text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200" :title="t.name" @click.stop="emit('insert', t.name)">{{ t.name }}</span>
-                    <span class="text-[10px] text-gray-400">{{ t.columns.length }}</span>
-                    <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-violet-500 cursor-pointer" title="复制建表语句" @click.stop="copyDdl(t.name, db.name)">
+                    <span class="flex-1 truncate text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200" :title="tbl.name" @click.stop="emit('insert', tbl.name)">{{ tbl.name }}</span>
+                    <span class="text-[10px] text-gray-400">{{ tbl.columns.length }}</span>
+                    <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-violet-500 cursor-pointer" :title="t('sql.copyDdl')" @click.stop="copyDdl(tbl.name, db.name)">
                       <Copy class="w-3 h-3"/>
                     </button>
-                    <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-emerald-500 cursor-pointer" title="导出 CSV" @click.stop="exportCsv(t.name, db.name)">
+                    <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-emerald-500 cursor-pointer" :title="t('sql.exportCsv')" @click.stop="exportCsv(tbl.name, db.name)">
                       <FileDown class="w-3 h-3"/>
                     </button>
-                    <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-500 cursor-pointer" title="预览前 100 行" @click.stop="preview(t.name, db.name)">
+                    <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-500 cursor-pointer" :title="t('sql.preview100')" @click.stop="preview(tbl.name, db.name)">
                       <Play class="w-3 h-3"/>
                     </button>
                   </div>
-                  <div v-if="isOpen(db.name + '.' + t.name)" class="pl-7 pr-2 pb-1">
-                    <div v-for="col in t.columns" :key="col.name" class="flex items-center justify-between gap-2 py-0.5 cursor-pointer hover:text-blue-500" :title="`插入列名：${col.name}`" @click="emit('insert', col.name)">
+                  <div v-if="isOpen(db.name + '.' + tbl.name)" class="pl-7 pr-2 pb-1">
+                    <div v-for="col in tbl.columns" :key="col.name" class="flex items-center justify-between gap-2 py-0.5 cursor-pointer hover:text-blue-500" :title="t('sql.insertColumn', { name: col.name })" @click="emit('insert', col.name)">
                       <span class="truncate text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{{ col.name }}</span>
                       <span class="text-[10px] text-gray-400 flex-shrink-0">{{ col.type }}</span>
                     </div>
                   </div>
                 </template>
-                <div v-if="db.tables.length === 0" class="px-2 py-1 text-gray-400">无表</div>
+                <div v-if="db.tables.length === 0" class="px-2 py-1 text-gray-400">{{ t('sql.noTable') }}</div>
               </div>
             </div>
           </div>
 
           <!-- 表 → 字段 -->
           <div v-else class="py-1">
-            <template v-for="t in filteredTables" :key="t.name">
-              <div class="group flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="toggleTable(t.name)">
-                <ChevronRight class="w-3 h-3 text-gray-400 transition-transform flex-shrink-0" :class="isOpen(t.name) ? 'rotate-90' : ''"/>
+            <template v-for="tbl in filteredTables" :key="tbl.name">
+              <div class="group flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="toggleTable(tbl.name)">
+                <ChevronRight class="w-3 h-3 text-gray-400 transition-transform flex-shrink-0" :class="isOpen(tbl.name) ? 'rotate-90' : ''"/>
                 <Table2 class="w-3 h-3 text-blue-500 flex-shrink-0"/>
-                <span class="flex-1 truncate text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200" :title="t.name" @click.stop="emit('insert', t.name)">{{ t.name }}</span>
-                <span class="text-[10px] text-gray-400">{{ t.columns.length }}</span>
-                <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-violet-500 cursor-pointer" title="复制建表语句" @click.stop="copyDdl(t.name)">
+                <span class="flex-1 truncate text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200" :title="tbl.name" @click.stop="emit('insert', tbl.name)">{{ tbl.name }}</span>
+                <span class="text-[10px] text-gray-400">{{ tbl.columns.length }}</span>
+                <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-violet-500 cursor-pointer" :title="t('sql.copyDdl')" @click.stop="copyDdl(tbl.name)">
                   <Copy class="w-3 h-3"/>
                 </button>
-                <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-emerald-500 cursor-pointer" title="导出 CSV" @click.stop="exportCsv(t.name)">
+                <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-emerald-500 cursor-pointer" :title="t('sql.exportCsv')" @click.stop="exportCsv(tbl.name)">
                   <FileDown class="w-3 h-3"/>
                 </button>
-                <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-500 cursor-pointer" title="预览前 100 行" @click.stop="preview(t.name)">
+                <button class="opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 p-0.5 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-500 cursor-pointer" :title="t('sql.preview100')" @click.stop="preview(tbl.name)">
                   <Play class="w-3 h-3"/>
                 </button>
               </div>
-              <div v-if="isOpen(t.name)" class="pl-7 pr-2 pb-1">
-                <div v-for="col in t.columns" :key="col.name" class="flex items-center justify-between gap-2 py-0.5 cursor-pointer hover:text-blue-500" :title="`插入列名：${col.name}`" @click="emit('insert', col.name)">
+              <div v-if="isOpen(tbl.name)" class="pl-7 pr-2 pb-1">
+                <div v-for="col in tbl.columns" :key="col.name" class="flex items-center justify-between gap-2 py-0.5 cursor-pointer hover:text-blue-500" :title="t('sql.insertColumn', { name: col.name })" @click="emit('insert', col.name)">
                   <span class="truncate text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{{ col.name }}</span>
                   <span class="text-[10px] text-gray-400 flex-shrink-0">{{ col.type }}</span>
                 </div>
@@ -103,12 +103,14 @@
 import {computed, ref, watch} from 'vue'
 import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {ChevronRight, Copy, Database, FileDown, Play, RefreshCw, Table2} from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {useDbConnections} from '../composables/useDbConnections'
 import {useToast} from '../plugins/toast'
 import {downloadCsv} from '../utils/csv'
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{ insert: [text: string]; preview: [sql: string] }>()
 const toast = useToast()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 const {resolveActiveSource, activeRef, activeLabel} = useDbConnections()
 
@@ -271,14 +273,14 @@ const exportCsv = async (name: string, db?: string) => {
     }
     const rs = (res.result_sets || [])[0]
     if (!rs || rs.columns.length === 0) {
-      toast.error('无数据可导出')
+      toast.error(t('sql.noExportData'))
       return
     }
     downloadCsv(rs.columns, rs.rows, `${name}-${Date.now()}.csv`)
-    toast.success(`已导出 ${rs.rows.length} 行`)
+    toast.success(t('sql.exported', { n: rs.rows.length }))
   }
   catch (e: any) {
-    toast.error('导出失败：' + String(e?.message || e))
+    toast.error(t('sql.exportFailed') + String(e?.message || e))
   }
 }
 
@@ -286,7 +288,7 @@ const copyDdl = async (name: string, db?: string) => {
   try {
     const source = resolveActiveSource()
     if (source.kind === 'postgres' || source.kind === 'duckdb') {
-      toast.info(`${source.kind === 'duckdb' ? 'DuckDB' : 'PostgreSQL'} 暂不支持一键复制建表语句`)
+      toast.info(t('sql.ddlUnsupported', { db: source.kind === 'duckdb' ? 'DuckDB' : 'PostgreSQL' }))
       return
     }
     const qualified = db ? `${quote(source.kind, db)}.${quote(source.kind, name)}` : quote(source.kind, name)
@@ -297,14 +299,14 @@ const copyDdl = async (name: string, db?: string) => {
     // MySQL: 第 2 列为建表语句；ClickHouse/SQLite: 第 1 列
     const ddl = String((source.kind === 'mysql' ? rows[0]?.[1] : rows[0]?.[0]) ?? '')
     if (!ddl) {
-      toast.error('未获取到建表语句')
+      toast.error(t('sql.noDdl'))
       return
     }
     await navigator.clipboard.writeText(ddl.endsWith(';') ? ddl : ddl + ';')
-    toast.success(`已复制 ${name} 的建表语句`)
+    toast.success(t('sql.ddlCopied', { name }))
   }
   catch (e: any) {
-    toast.error('复制失败：' + String(e?.message || e))
+    toast.error(t('sql.copyFailed') + String(e?.message || e))
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/components/SearchPanel.vue b/src/components/SearchPanel.vue
index 1897a03..3177f7d 100644
--- a/src/components/SearchPanel.vue
+++ b/src/components/SearchPanel.vue
@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@
         <input ref="inputRef"
                v-model="query"
                class="flex-1 px-2 py-2.5 text-sm bg-transparent focus:outline-none"
-               placeholder="在文件夹内搜索…"
+               :placeholder="t('search.placeholder')"
                @input="onInput"
                @keydown.esc.prevent="emit('close')"/>
         <span class="text-xs text-gray-400 flex-shrink-0">
-          {{ loading ? '搜索中…' : results.length ? `${results.length} 处 / ${groups.length} 文件` : '' }}
+          {{ loading ? t('search.searching') : results.length ? t('search.countSummary', { count: results.length, files: groups.length }) : '' }}
         </span>
       </div>
 
@@ -20,30 +20,30 @@
         <Replace class="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400 flex-shrink-0"/>
         <input v-model="replacement"
                class="flex-1 px-2 py-2.5 text-sm bg-transparent focus:outline-none"
-               placeholder="替换为…（大小写不敏感）"
+               :placeholder="t('search.replacePlaceholder')"
                @keydown.esc.prevent="emit('close')"/>
         <button class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-blue-500 hover:bg-blue-600 disabled:opacity-40 disabled:cursor-not-allowed text-white flex-shrink-0"
                 :disabled="replacing || results.length === 0"
-                :title="results.length ? `替换全部 ${results.length} 处` : '先搜索出结果'"
+                :title="results.length ? t('search.replaceAllTitle', { count: results.length }) : t('search.searchFirst')"
                 @click="confirming = true">
-          {{ replacing ? '替换中…' : '全部替换' }}
+          {{ replacing ? t('search.replacing') : t('search.replaceAll') }}
         </button>
       </div>
 
       <!-- 全部替换确认 -->
       <div v-if="confirming" class="px-3 py-2 border-b border-amber-200 dark:border-amber-800 bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-900/20 flex-shrink-0 text-xs">
         <p class="text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300 mb-2">
-          将把 {{ results.length }} 处「{{ query.trim() }}」替换为「{{ replacement }}」，涉及 {{ affectedCount }} 个文件。<br/>
-          直接写入磁盘且不可撤销，确定继续？
+          {{ t('search.confirmLine', { count: results.length, query: query.trim(), rep: replacement, files: affectedCount }) }}<br/>
+          {{ t('search.confirmWarn') }}
         </p>
         <div class="flex justify-end gap-2">
-          <button class="px-2 py-1 rounded text-gray-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="confirming = false">取消</button>
-          <button class="px-2 py-1 rounded bg-red-500 hover:bg-red-600 text-white cursor-pointer" @click="replaceAll">确认替换</button>
+          <button class="px-2 py-1 rounded text-gray-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="confirming = false">{{ t('search.cancel') }}</button>
+          <button class="px-2 py-1 rounded bg-red-500 hover:bg-red-600 text-white cursor-pointer" @click="replaceAll">{{ t('search.confirmReplace') }}</button>
         </div>
       </div>
 
       <div class="flex-1 overflow-y-auto">
-        <div v-if="!loading && query && results.length === 0" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">无匹配结果</div>
+        <div v-if="!loading && query && results.length === 0" class="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">{{ t('search.empty') }}</div>
 
         <div v-for="g in groups" :key="g.path">
           <div class="sticky top-0 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-900 px-3 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 flex items-center gap-1">
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ import {computed, onMounted, ref} from 'vue'
 import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {FileText, Replace, Search} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import {useToast} from '../plugins/toast'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 
 interface Match
 {
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 }>()
 
 const toast = useToast()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 const query = ref('')
 const replacement = ref('')
@@ -113,12 +115,12 @@ const replaceAll = async () => {
       query: q,
       replacement: replacement.value
     })
-    toast.success(`已替换 ${summary.replacements} 处，涉及 ${summary.files_changed} 个文件`)
+    toast.success(t('search.replacedSummary', { count: summary.replacements, files: summary.files_changed }))
     emit('replaced', affected)
     await search()
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('替换失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('search.replaceFailed') + ': ' + error)
   }
   finally {
     replacing.value = false
diff --git a/src/components/Settings.vue b/src/components/Settings.vue
index d3c4706..1735fd2 100644
--- a/src/components/Settings.vue
+++ b/src/components/Settings.vue
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
     <Tabs v-model="activeTab"
           type="card"
           size="md"
-          :nav-class="['w-full']"
-          :tab-button-class="['flex', 'flex-col']"
+          :nav-class="['w-full', 'flex-nowrap', 'overflow-x-auto']"
+          :tab-button-class="['flex', 'flex-col', 'flex-shrink-0']"
           :tabs="tabsData">
       <!-- 通用配置 -->
       <template #general>
@@ -55,6 +55,11 @@
       <template #logs>
         <Logs v-if="activeTab === 'logs'" @settings-changed="handleNetworkSettingsChanged" @error="handleEditorError"/>
       </template>
+
+      <!-- 语言包 -->
+      <template #i18n>
+        <I18n v-if="activeTab === 'i18n'"/>
+      </template>
     </Tabs>
   </Modal>
 </template>
@@ -74,6 +79,7 @@ import Lsp from './setting/Lsp.vue'
 import Network from './setting/Network.vue'
 import Cache from './setting/Cache.vue'
 import Logs from './setting/Logs.vue'
+import I18n from './setting/I18n.vue'
 import { useSettings } from '../composables/useSettings.ts'
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
diff --git a/src/components/Sidebar.vue b/src/components/Sidebar.vue
index 967c607..3fe1d2d 100644
--- a/src/components/Sidebar.vue
+++ b/src/components/Sidebar.vue
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 <template>
   <div class="flex flex-col h-full bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 border-r border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700">
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-3 py-2 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
-      <span class="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 truncate uppercase">{{ rootName || '资源管理器' }}</span>
+      <span class="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 truncate uppercase">{{ rootName || t('sidebar.explorer') }}</span>
       <div class="flex items-center space-x-1">
         <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-700 dark:hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer"
-                title="打开文件夹"
+                :title="t('sidebar.openFolder')"
                 @click="emit('open-folder')">
           <FolderOpen class="w-4 h-4"/>
         </button>
         <button v-if="rootDir"
                 class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-700 dark:hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer"
-                title="刷新"
+                :title="t('sidebar.refresh')"
                 @click="loadRoot">
           <RefreshCw class="w-4 h-4"/>
         </button>
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@
     <div class="flex-1 overflow-auto py-1">
       <div v-if="!rootDir" class="px-3 py-6">
         <div class="text-center">
-          <p class="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-3">未打开文件夹</p>
-          <Button size="sm" @click="emit('open-folder')">打开文件夹</Button>
+          <p class="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-3">{{ t('sidebar.noFolder') }}</p>
+          <Button size="sm" @click="emit('open-folder')">{{ t('sidebar.openFolder') }}</Button>
         </div>
 
         <div v-if="recentFolders && recentFolders.length" class="mt-6">
-          <p class="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-400 mb-1 px-1">最近打开</p>
+          <p class="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-400 mb-1 px-1">{{ t('sidebar.recent') }}</p>
           <button v-for="folder in recentFolders"
                   :key="folder"
                   class="w-full flex items-center space-x-2 px-2 py-1 rounded text-left text-sm text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer"
@@ -51,15 +51,15 @@
            :style="{ top: `${ctx.y}px`, left: `${ctx.x}px` }"
            @click.stop>
         <template v-if="!ctx.node || ctx.node.is_dir">
-          <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="promptCreate('file')">新建文件</button>
-          <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="promptCreate('folder')">新建文件夹</button>
+          <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="promptCreate('file')">{{ t('sidebar.newFile') }}</button>
+          <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="promptCreate('folder')">{{ t('sidebar.newFolder') }}</button>
         </template>
         <template v-if="ctx.node">
           <div v-if="!ctx.node || ctx.node.is_dir" class="border-t border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 my-1"></div>
-          <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="promptRename">重命名</button>
-          <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-red-600" @click="confirmDelete">删除</button>
+          <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="promptRename">{{ t('sidebar.rename') }}</button>
+          <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-red-600" @click="confirmDelete">{{ t('sidebar.delete') }}</button>
           <div class="border-t border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 my-1"></div>
-          <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="reveal">在{{ revealLabel }}中显示</button>
+          <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="reveal">{{ t('sidebar.revealIn', { label: revealLabel }) }}</button>
         </template>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -69,21 +69,21 @@
       <div class="space-y-4">
         <Input v-model="nameModal.value" class="w-full" :placeholder="nameModalPlaceholder" @keyup.enter="submitName"/>
         <div class="flex justify-end space-x-2">
-          <Button type="secondary" size="sm" @click="nameModal.show = false">取消</Button>
-          <Button size="sm" @click="submitName">确定</Button>
+          <Button type="secondary" size="sm" @click="nameModal.show = false">{{ t('sidebar.cancel') }}</Button>
+          <Button size="sm" @click="submitName">{{ t('sidebar.confirm') }}</Button>
         </div>
       </div>
     </Modal>
 
     <!-- 删除确认 -->
-    <Modal v-model:show="deleteModal.show" title="确认删除" size="sm">
+    <Modal v-model:show="deleteModal.show" :title="t('sidebar.confirmDeleteTitle')" size="sm">
       <div class="space-y-4">
         <p class="text-sm text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">
-          确定删除 <strong>{{ deleteModal.node?.name }}</strong>{{ deleteModal.node?.is_dir ? '（及其内容）' : '' }}？此操作不可恢复。
+          {{ t('sidebar.deleteConfirmPre') }}<strong>{{ deleteModal.node?.name }}</strong>{{ deleteModal.node?.is_dir ? t('sidebar.deleteConfirmDir') : '' }}{{ t('sidebar.deleteConfirmPost') }}
         </p>
         <div class="flex justify-end space-x-2">
-          <Button type="secondary" size="sm" @click="deleteModal.show = false">取消</Button>
-          <Button size="sm" class="bg-red-500 hover:bg-red-600 text-white" @click="doDelete">删除</Button>
+          <Button type="secondary" size="sm" @click="deleteModal.show = false">{{ t('sidebar.cancel') }}</Button>
+          <Button size="sm" class="bg-red-500 hover:bg-red-600 text-white" @click="doDelete">{{ t('sidebar.delete') }}</Button>
         </div>
       </div>
     </Modal>
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ import Modal from '../ui/Modal.vue'
 import Input from '../ui/Input.vue'
 import FileTreeNode from './FileTreeNode.vue'
 import {useToast} from '../plugins/toast'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 
 interface FileNode
 {
@@ -135,6 +136,7 @@ const rootName = computed(() => {
 })
 
 const toast = useToast()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 provide('treeOpenFile', (path: string) => emit('open-file', path))
 // 当前激活文件路径（用于文件树高亮选中项）
@@ -236,7 +238,7 @@ const onRootContext = (e: MouseEvent) => {
 }
 
 const isMac = /Mac/i.test(navigator.platform)
-const revealLabel = isMac ? '访达' : (/Win/i.test(navigator.platform) ? '资源管理器' : '文件管理器')
+const revealLabel = computed(() => isMac ? t('sidebar.revealFinder') : (/Win/i.test(navigator.platform) ? t('sidebar.revealExplorer') : t('sidebar.revealManager')))
 
 const dirOf = (path: string) => path.replace(/[\\/][^\\/]*$/, '')
 const joinPath = (dir: string, name: string) => `${dir}/${name}`
@@ -245,8 +247,8 @@ const joinPath = (dir: string, name: string) => `${dir}/${name}`
 const nameModal = reactive<{ show: boolean, mode: 'file' | 'folder' | 'rename', node: FileNode | null, value: string }>({
   show: false, mode: 'file', node: null, value: ''
 })
-const nameModalTitle = computed(() => ({file: '新建文件', folder: '新建文件夹', rename: '重命名'})[nameModal.mode])
-const nameModalPlaceholder = computed(() => nameModal.mode === 'rename' ? '输入新名称' : '输入名称')
+const nameModalTitle = computed(() => ({file: t('sidebar.newFile'), folder: t('sidebar.newFolder'), rename: t('sidebar.rename')})[nameModal.mode])
+const nameModalPlaceholder = computed(() => nameModal.mode === 'rename' ? t('sidebar.renamePlaceholder') : t('sidebar.namePlaceholder'))
 
 const promptCreate = (kind: 'file' | 'folder') => {
   nameModal.mode = kind
@@ -273,18 +275,18 @@ const submitName = async () => {
       const to = joinPath(dirOf(nameModal.node.path), name)
       await invoke('rename_path', {from: nameModal.node.path, to})
       emit('renamed', nameModal.node.path, to)
-      toast.success('已重命名')
+      toast.success(t('sidebar.renamed'))
     }
     else {
       const target = joinPath(nameModal.node.path, name)
       await invoke(nameModal.mode === 'file' ? 'create_file' : 'create_directory', {path: target})
-      toast.success(nameModal.mode === 'file' ? '已新建文件' : '已新建文件夹')
+      toast.success(nameModal.mode === 'file' ? t('sidebar.createdFile') : t('sidebar.createdFolder'))
     }
     nameModal.show = false
     triggerRefresh()
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('操作失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('sidebar.opFailed') + ': ' + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -302,12 +304,12 @@ const doDelete = async () => {
   try {
     await invoke('delete_path', {path: deleteModal.node.path})
     emit('deleted', deleteModal.node.path)
-    toast.success('已删除')
+    toast.success(t('sidebar.deleted'))
     deleteModal.show = false
     triggerRefresh()
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('删除失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('sidebar.deleteFailed') + ': ' + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -320,7 +322,7 @@ const reveal = async () => {
     await invoke('reveal_path', {path: ctx.node.path})
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('打开失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('sidebar.openFailed') + ': ' + error)
   }
   closeCtx()
 }
diff --git a/src/components/SnippetManager.vue b/src/components/SnippetManager.vue
index 8be8051..28a097a 100644
--- a/src/components/SnippetManager.vue
+++ b/src/components/SnippetManager.vue
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
       <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-2.5 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
         <div class="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">
           <Code2 class="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400"/>
-          <span>代码片段</span>
-          <span class="text-xs text-gray-400">· 输入前缀后按 Tab 展开（{{ '$0' }} 为光标落点）</span>
+          <span>{{ t('snippet.title') }}</span>
+          <span class="text-xs text-gray-400">· {{ t('snippet.subtitle') }}</span>
         </div>
-        <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" title="关闭" @click="emit('close')">
+        <button class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer" :title="t('snippet.close')" @click="emit('close')">
           <X class="w-4 h-4"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -20,35 +20,35 @@
             <div class="flex-1 min-w-0">
               <div class="flex items-center gap-2">
                 <code class="text-sm font-semibold text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400">{{ s.prefix }}</code>
-                <span class="text-[10px] px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ s.language && s.language !== '*' ? s.language : '所有语言' }}</span>
+                <span class="text-[10px] px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{{ s.language && s.language !== '*' ? s.language : t('snippet.allLanguages') }}</span>
                 <span v-if="s.description" class="text-xs text-gray-400 truncate">{{ s.description }}</span>
               </div>
               <pre class="mt-1 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 font-mono whitespace-pre-wrap line-clamp-3">{{ s.body }}</pre>
             </div>
             <div class="flex items-center gap-1 flex-shrink-0">
-              <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="编辑" @click="startEdit(s)">
+              <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('snippet.edit')" @click="startEdit(s)">
                 <Pencil class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
               </button>
-              <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-red-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="删除" @click="remove(s.id)">
+              <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-red-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('snippet.delete')" @click="remove(s.id)">
                 <Trash2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
               </button>
             </div>
           </div>
         </div>
-        <div v-else class="px-4 py-8 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">还没有代码片段，在下方添加</div>
+        <div v-else class="px-4 py-8 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">{{ t('snippet.empty') }}</div>
       </div>
 
       <!-- 编辑/新增表单 -->
       <div class="border-t border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 p-3 flex-shrink-0 space-y-2">
         <div class="flex gap-2">
-          <input v-model="form.prefix" placeholder="前缀（如 fn）" class="w-40 text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-900 rounded px-2 py-1 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-500"/>
-          <input v-model="form.language" placeholder="语言（留空=所有）" class="w-44 text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-900 rounded px-2 py-1 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-500"/>
-          <input v-model="form.description" placeholder="描述（可选）" class="flex-1 text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-900 rounded px-2 py-1 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-500"/>
+          <input v-model="form.prefix" :placeholder="t('snippet.prefixPlaceholder')" class="w-40 text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-900 rounded px-2 py-1 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-500"/>
+          <input v-model="form.language" :placeholder="t('snippet.langPlaceholder')" class="w-44 text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-900 rounded px-2 py-1 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-500"/>
+          <input v-model="form.description" :placeholder="t('snippet.descPlaceholder')" class="flex-1 text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-900 rounded px-2 py-1 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-500"/>
         </div>
-        <textarea v-model="form.body" rows="4" placeholder="片段内容，$0 为展开后光标位置" class="w-full text-sm font-mono border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-900 rounded px-2 py-1.5 resize-none focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-500"/>
+        <textarea v-model="form.body" rows="4" :placeholder="t('snippet.bodyPlaceholder')" class="w-full text-sm font-mono border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-900 rounded px-2 py-1.5 resize-none focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-500"/>
         <div class="flex items-center gap-2">
-          <Button size="sm" :disabled="!canSave" @click="submit">{{ editingId ? '保存修改' : '添加片段' }}</Button>
-          <Button v-if="editingId" size="sm" type="secondary" @click="resetForm">取消编辑</Button>
+          <Button size="sm" :disabled="!canSave" @click="submit">{{ editingId ? t('snippet.saveEdit') : t('snippet.addSnippet') }}</Button>
+          <Button v-if="editingId" size="sm" type="secondary" @click="resetForm">{{ t('snippet.cancelEdit') }}</Button>
         </div>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -57,11 +57,13 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, reactive, ref} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {Code2, Pencil, Trash2, X} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import Button from '../ui/Button.vue'
 import {useSnippets, type Snippet} from '../composables/useSnippets'
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{ close: [] }>()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 const {snippets, add, update, remove} = useSnippets()
 
diff --git a/src/components/SqlResultTable.vue b/src/components/SqlResultTable.vue
index e2c1448..762ea57 100644
--- a/src/components/SqlResultTable.vue
+++ b/src/components/SqlResultTable.vue
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 <template>
   <div class="text-xs" :class="fill ? 'h-full flex flex-col min-h-0' : ''">
-    <div v-if="!output.trim()" class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">{{ emptyText || '无结果' }}</div>
+    <div v-if="!output.trim()" class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">{{ emptyText || t('sql.noResult') }}</div>
 
     <template v-else-if="result">
       <!-- 错误 -->
       <div v-if="result.error" class="mb-3 px-3 py-2 rounded border border-red-300 dark:border-red-800 bg-red-50 dark:bg-red-900/20 text-red-600 dark:text-red-400 font-mono whitespace-pre-wrap flex-shrink-0">
-        执行失败：{{ result.error }}
+        {{ t('sql.execFailed') }}{{ result.error }}
       </div>
 
       <!-- 非查询语句的消息 -->
@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@
 
       <!-- 结果集表格（虚拟滚动）。fillHeight 且单结果集时铺满面板，否则限高 420 便于多结果集堆叠 -->
       <div v-for="(rs, ri) in result.result_sets" :key="ri" :class="fill ? 'flex-1 min-h-0 flex flex-col' : 'mb-4'">
-        <div v-if="result.result_sets.length > 1" class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-1 flex-shrink-0">结果集 {{ ri + 1 }} · {{ rs.rows.length }} 行</div>
+        <div v-if="result.result_sets.length > 1" class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-1 flex-shrink-0">{{ t('sql.resultSet', { n: ri + 1, rows: rs.rows.length }) }}</div>
         <div class="border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 rounded overflow-hidden" :class="fill ? 'flex-1 min-h-0' : ''">
           <VirtualTable :columns="rs.columns" :rows="rs.rows" :show-index="false" :max-height="fill ? undefined : 420"/>
         </div>
       </div>
 
-      <div v-if="!result.error && result.result_sets.length === 0 && result.messages.length === 0" class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4">执行完成，无输出</div>
+      <div v-if="!result.error && result.result_sets.length === 0 && result.messages.length === 0" class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4">{{ t('sql.doneNoOutput') }}</div>
     </template>
 
     <!-- 非 JSON（解析失败）时退回原文 -->
@@ -29,8 +29,11 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import VirtualTable from './VirtualTable.vue'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 interface ResultSet { columns: string[]; rows: any[][] }
 interface SqlResult { result_sets: ResultSet[]; messages: string[]; error: string | null; elapsed_ms: number }
 
diff --git a/src/components/SqlSourceSelect.vue b/src/components/SqlSourceSelect.vue
index fa3e6a4..aa997b8 100644
--- a/src/components/SqlSourceSelect.vue
+++ b/src/components/SqlSourceSelect.vue
@@ -3,27 +3,29 @@
           :options="sourceOptions"
           class="w-48"
           :button-classes="['!py-1', '!px-2.5', 'text-sm', '!rounded-md']"
-          placeholder="选择数据源"
+          :placeholder="t('sql.selectSource')"
           @change="onSourceChange"/>
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed} from 'vue'
 import {open} from '@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import Select from '../ui/Select.vue'
 import {useDbConnections} from '../composables/useDbConnections'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
 const {connections, activeRef, setActiveRef, activeLabel} = useDbConnections()
 
 const sourceOptions = computed(() => {
-  const opts: { value: string; label: string }[] = [{value: 'memory', label: '内存数据库'}]
+  const opts: { value: string; label: string }[] = [{value: 'memory', label: t('sql.memoryDb')}]
   for (const c of connections.value) {
     opts.push({value: `conn:${c.id}`, label: `${c.name}（${c.kind}）`})
   }
   if (activeRef.value.startsWith('file:')) {
-    opts.push({value: activeRef.value, label: `${activeLabel()}（文件）`})
+    opts.push({value: activeRef.value, label: `${activeLabel()}（${t('sql.fileTag')}）`})
   }
-  opts.push({value: '__pickfile__', label: '选择 SQLite 文件…'})
+  opts.push({value: '__pickfile__', label: t('sql.pickFile')})
   return opts
 })
 
diff --git a/src/components/SqlTableView.vue b/src/components/SqlTableView.vue
index 8b71591..5295268 100644
--- a/src/components/SqlTableView.vue
+++ b/src/components/SqlTableView.vue
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-3 py-1.5 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
       <div class="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 min-w-0">
         <Database class="w-3.5 h-3.5 flex-shrink-0"/>
-        <span>SQL 结果</span>
-        <span v-if="isRunning" class="text-blue-500">运行中…</span>
+        <span>{{ t('sql.result') }}</span>
+        <span v-if="isRunning" class="text-blue-500">{{ t('sql.running') }}</span>
         <span v-else-if="executionTime" class="text-gray-400">{{ executionTime }} ms</span>
         <!-- 数据源选择 -->
         <SqlSourceSelect/>
@@ -13,33 +13,33 @@
         <!-- 分页控件（单条 SELECT 分页拉取时显示）-->
         <div v-if="paging?.active" class="flex items-center gap-1 mr-1 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
           <button class="p-1 rounded hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 disabled:opacity-30 disabled:cursor-not-allowed cursor-pointer"
-                  :disabled="paging.offset === 0 || isRunning" title="上一页" @click="emit('prev')">
+                  :disabled="paging.offset === 0 || isRunning" :title="t('sql.prevPage')" @click="emit('prev')">
             <ChevronLeft class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
           </button>
-          <span>第 {{ pageNo }} 页 · 每页 {{ paging.pageSize }}</span>
+          <span>{{ t('sql.pageInfo', { no: pageNo, size: paging.pageSize }) }}</span>
           <button class="p-1 rounded hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 disabled:opacity-30 disabled:cursor-not-allowed cursor-pointer"
-                  :disabled="!paging.hasMore || isRunning" title="下一页" @click="emit('next')">
+                  :disabled="!paging.hasMore || isRunning" :title="t('sql.nextPage')" @click="emit('next')">
             <ChevronRight class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
           </button>
         </div>
         <!-- 表格 / 图表 切换 -->
         <div class="flex items-center rounded-md border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 overflow-hidden">
-          <button class="p-1 transition-colors" :class="viewMode === 'table' ? 'bg-blue-500 text-white' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'" title="表格" @click="viewMode = 'table'">
+          <button class="p-1 transition-colors" :class="viewMode === 'table' ? 'bg-blue-500 text-white' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'" :title="t('sql.table')" @click="viewMode = 'table'">
             <Table2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
           </button>
           <button class="p-1 transition-colors" :class="viewMode === 'chart' ? 'bg-blue-500 text-white' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'"
-                  :disabled="!firstResultSet" :title="firstResultSet ? '图表' : '无数据可绘图'" @click="viewMode = 'chart'">
+                  :disabled="!firstResultSet" :title="firstResultSet ? t('sql.chart') : t('sql.noChartData')" @click="viewMode = 'chart'">
             <BarChart3 class="w-3.5 h-3.5" :class="!firstResultSet ? 'opacity-40' : ''"/>
           </button>
           <button class="p-1 transition-colors" :class="viewMode === 'pivot' ? 'bg-blue-500 text-white' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'"
-                  :disabled="!firstResultSet" :title="firstResultSet ? '透视表' : '无数据可透视'" @click="viewMode = 'pivot'">
+                  :disabled="!firstResultSet" :title="firstResultSet ? t('sql.pivot') : t('sql.noPivotData')" @click="viewMode = 'pivot'">
             <Grid3x3 class="w-3.5 h-3.5" :class="!firstResultSet ? 'opacity-40' : ''"/>
           </button>
         </div>
-        <button v-if="firstResultSet" class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="导出 CSV" @click="exportCsv">
+        <button v-if="firstResultSet" class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('sql.exportCsv')" @click="exportCsv">
           <FileDown class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
-        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="清空" @click="emit('clear')">
+        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('sql.clear')" @click="emit('clear')">
           <Trash2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
     </div>
     <!-- 表格视图 -->
     <div v-else class="flex-1 min-h-0 overflow-auto p-2">
-      <SqlResultTable :output="stable" fill-height :empty-text="`运行后在此查看 SQL 结果（数据源：${activeLabel()}）`"/>
+      <SqlResultTable :output="stable" fill-height :empty-text="t('sql.emptyResult', { label: activeLabel() })"/>
     </div>
   </div>
 </template>
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, ref, watch} from 'vue'
 import {debounce} from 'lodash-es'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {BarChart3, ChevronLeft, ChevronRight, Database, FileDown, Grid3x3, Table2, Trash2} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import {useDbConnections} from '../composables/useDbConnections'
 import SqlSourceSelect from './SqlSourceSelect.vue'
@@ -79,6 +80,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{
 }>()
 const emit = defineEmits<{ clear: []; prev: []; next: [] }>()
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
 const viewMode = ref<'table' | 'chart' | 'pivot'>('table')
 
 // 当前页码（1 基）
diff --git a/src/components/StatusBar.vue b/src/components/StatusBar.vue
index 6d41bce..cb08d18 100644
--- a/src/components/StatusBar.vue
+++ b/src/components/StatusBar.vue
@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@
         <button @click="handleCheckEnvironment"
                 :disabled="isLoading"
                 class="ml-2 p-1 rounded cursor-pointer hover:bg-white/20 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed transition-colors"
-                title="重新检查环境">
+                :title="t('status.recheck')">
           <RefreshCw :class="{ 'animate-spin': isLoading }" class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
       </div>
 
       <div v-if="executionTime > 0" class="flex items-center space-x-2">
         <Clock class="w-4 h-4"/>
-        <span>最新: <strong>{{ executionTime }}</strong> 毫秒</span>
+        <span>{{ t('status.latency', { ms: executionTime }) }}</span>
       </div>
     </div>
 
@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@
       <!-- LSP 状态（点击开关问题面板）-->
       <button v-if="lspState.status !== 'off'"
               class="flex items-center space-x-2 px-1 rounded cursor-pointer hover:bg-white/20 transition-colors"
-              :title="lspState.status === 'connecting' ? `语言服务索引中：${lspState.language}` : `语言服务已就绪：${lspState.language}（点击查看问题）`"
+              :title="lspState.status === 'connecting' ? t('status.lspIndexing', { lang: lspState.language }) : t('status.lspReady', { lang: lspState.language })"
               @click="emit('toggleProblems')">
         <span class="flex items-center space-x-1">
           <RefreshCw v-if="lspState.status === 'connecting'" class="w-3 h-3 animate-spin"/>
           <span v-else class="w-1.5 h-1.5 rounded-full bg-emerald-300"/>
-          <span>{{ lspState.status === 'connecting' ? 'LSP 索引中' : 'LSP' }}</span>
+          <span>{{ lspState.status === 'connecting' ? t('status.lspBadgeIndexing') : 'LSP' }}</span>
         </span>
         <span v-if="errorCount" class="flex items-center space-x-0.5"><XCircle class="w-3 h-3"/><span>{{ errorCount }}</span></span>
         <span v-if="warningCount" class="flex items-center space-x-0.5"><AlertTriangle class="w-3 h-3"/><span>{{ warningCount }}</span></span>
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@
 
       <div class="flex items-center space-x-2">
         <Hash class="w-3 h-3 font-normal"/>
-        <span><strong>{{ codeLength }}</strong> 字符</span>
+        <span><strong>{{ codeLength }}</strong> {{ t('status.chars') }}</span>
       </div>
 
       <!-- 终端 -->
       <button @click="emit('toggleTerminal')"
               class="p-1 rounded cursor-pointer hover:bg-white/20 transition-colors"
-              :title="`终端（${terminalShortcut}）`">
+              :title="t('status.terminalTip', { key: terminalShortcut })">
         <TerminalIcon class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
       </button>
     </div>
@@ -54,11 +54,14 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { AlertTriangle, Clock, Hash, RefreshCw, Terminal as TerminalIcon, XCircle } from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import { computed, toRefs } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { useStatusBar } from '../composables/useStatusBar'
 import { lspState } from '../editor/lspStatus'
 import { diagnostics } from '../editor/lspDiagnostics'
 import { useShortcuts } from '../composables/useShortcuts'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 const props = defineProps<{
   envInfo: {
     installed: boolean
diff --git a/src/components/Terminal.vue b/src/components/Terminal.vue
index 1714bb1..3b24c11 100644
--- a/src/components/Terminal.vue
+++ b/src/components/Terminal.vue
@@ -17,22 +17,22 @@
            :class="s.id === activeId ? 'bg-[#1e1e1e] text-gray-200' : 'text-gray-400 hover:bg-[#333333]'"
            @click="switchTo(s.id)">
         <span>{{ s.title }}</span>
-        <span v-if="s.exited" class="text-gray-500">·已结束</span>
+        <span v-if="s.exited" class="text-gray-500">{{ t('terminal.exited') }}</span>
         <button class="rounded p-0.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-600 opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 transition-opacity"
                 :class="{ 'opacity-100': s.id === activeId }"
-                title="关闭"
+                :title="t('terminal.close')"
                 @click.stop="closeSession(s.id)">
           <X class="w-3 h-3"/>
         </button>
       </div>
       <button class="flex items-center justify-center px-2 text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-200 hover:bg-[#333333] cursor-pointer flex-shrink-0"
-              title="新建终端"
+              :title="t('terminal.newTerminal')"
               @click="createSession">
         <Plus class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
       </button>
       <div class="flex-1"></div>
       <button class="flex items-center justify-center px-2 text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-200 cursor-pointer flex-shrink-0"
-              title="收起终端面板（保留会话）"
+              :title="t('terminal.collapse')"
               @click="emit('collapse')">
         <ChevronDown class="w-4 h-4"/>
       </button>
@@ -57,6 +57,9 @@ import {Terminal} from '@xterm/xterm'
 import {FitAddon} from '@xterm/addon-fit'
 import '@xterm/xterm/css/xterm.css'
 import {ChevronDown, Plus, X, Terminal as TerminalIcon} from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
+
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 const props = defineProps<{ rootDir?: string | null }>()
 // close：所有会话已关闭，应彻底关掉面板；collapse：仅收起，保留会话
@@ -133,7 +136,7 @@ const initXterm = async (id: string) => {
       if (s) {
         s.exited = true
       }
-      term.write('\r\n\x1b[90m[进程已退出]\x1b[0m\r\n')
+      term.write(`\r\n\x1b[90m${t('terminal.processExited')}\x1b[0m\r\n`)
     }
   })
   term.onData((data) => {
@@ -144,7 +147,7 @@ const initXterm = async (id: string) => {
     await invoke('terminal_create', {id, cwd: props.rootDir || null, cols: term.cols, rows: term.rows})
   }
   catch (error) {
-    term.write(`\r\n\x1b[31m启动终端失败: ${error}\x1b[0m\r\n`)
+    term.write(`\r\n\x1b[31m${t('terminal.startFailed')}${error}\x1b[0m\r\n`)
   }
 
   bundle.observer = new ResizeObserver(() => fitOne(id))
@@ -155,7 +158,7 @@ const initXterm = async (id: string) => {
 const createSession = () => {
   const id = genId()
   seq++
-  sessions.value.push({id, title: `终端 ${seq}`, exited: false})
+  sessions.value.push({id, title: t('terminal.tabTitle', {n: seq}), exited: false})
   activeId.value = id
   initXterm(id)
 }
diff --git a/src/components/Update.vue b/src/components/Update.vue
index e2b5989..1e03122 100644
--- a/src/components/Update.vue
+++ b/src/components/Update.vue
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <template>
-  <Modal v-model:show="isVisible" title="应用更新" size="3xl" :close-on-backdrop="false" :close-on-esc="false" @close="closeUpdate">
+  <Modal v-model:show="isVisible" :title="t('update.title')" size="3xl" :close-on-backdrop="false" :close-on-esc="false" @close="closeUpdate">
     <div class="space-y-6 select-none">
       <!-- 更新图标和状态 -->
       <div class="text-center mb-6">
@@ -19,19 +19,19 @@
       <div class="mb-6 transition-all duration-600 delay-300">
         <div class="bg-gray-50/80 dark:bg-gray-700/80 backdrop-blur-sm rounded-lg p-4 space-y-3 border border-gray-200/50 dark:border-gray-600/50">
           <div class="flex justify-between items-center transform transition-all duration-200 hover:scale-95">
-            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">当前版本</span>
+            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{{ t('update.currentVersion') }}</span>
             <span class="text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white font-mono bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-900/50 px-2 py-1 rounded">{{ currentVersion }}</span>
           </div>
           <div v-if="updateInfo && updateInfo.version" class="flex justify-between items-center transform transition-all duration-200 hover:scale-95">
-            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">最新版本</span>
+            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{{ t('update.latestVersion') }}</span>
             <span class="text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white font-mono bg-green-100 dark:bg-green-900/50 px-2 py-1 rounded">{{ updateInfo.version }}</span>
           </div>
           <div v-if="updateInfo && updateInfo.date" class="flex justify-between items-center transform transition-all duration-200 hover:scale-95">
-            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">发布时间</span>
+            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{{ t('update.releaseDate') }}</span>
             <span class="text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white font-mono">{{ formatDate(updateInfo.date) }}</span>
           </div>
           <div v-if="updateInfo && updateInfo.size" class="flex justify-between items-center transform transition-all duration-200 hover:scale-95">
-            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">更新大小</span>
+            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{{ t('update.updateSize') }}</span>
             <span class="text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white font-mono">{{ formatSize(updateInfo.size) }}</span>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 
       <!-- 更新进度 -->
       <div v-if="isUpdating || downloadProgress > 0" class="mb-6 transition-all duration-600 delay-400">
-        <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mb-4">更新进度</h3>
+        <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mb-4">{{ t('update.progress') }}</h3>
         <div class="space-y-3">
           <div class="flex justify-between text-sm">
             <span class="text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{{ progressText }}</span>
@@ -50,14 +50,14 @@
                  :style="{ width: `${downloadProgress}%` }"></div>
           </div>
           <div v-if="downloadSpeed" class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 text-center">
-            下载速度: {{ formatSpeed(downloadSpeed) }}
+            {{ t('update.downloadSpeed') }}: {{ formatSpeed(downloadSpeed) }}
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>
 
       <!-- 更新内容 -->
       <div v-if="updateInfo && updateInfo.notes" class="mb-6 transition-all duration-600 delay-500">
-        <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mb-4">更新内容</h3>
+        <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mb-4">{{ t('update.releaseNotes') }}</h3>
         <div class="bg-gray-50/50 dark:bg-gray-700/30 rounded-lg p-4 border border-gray-200/30 dark:border-gray-600/30 max-h-40 overflow-y-auto">
           <div class="prose prose-sm dark:prose-invert max-w-none">
             <VueMarkdownIt :source="updateInfo.notes"/>
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
           <div class="flex items-start space-x-3">
             <AlertCircle class="w-5 h-5 text-red-500 flex-shrink-0 mt-0.5"/>
             <div>
-              <h4 class="text-sm font-medium text-red-800 dark:text-red-200 mb-1">更新失败</h4>
+              <h4 class="text-sm font-medium text-red-800 dark:text-red-200 mb-1">{{ t('update.failedTitle') }}</h4>
               <p class="text-sm text-red-700 dark:text-red-300">{{ errorMessage }}</p>
             </div>
           </div>
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
       <div class="flex justify-between items-center  border-gray-200/50 dark:border-gray-600/50">
         <div class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
           <span v-if="lastCheckTime">
-            上次检查: {{ formatDate(lastCheckTime) }}
+            {{ t('update.lastCheck') }}: {{ formatDate(lastCheckTime) }}
           </span>
         </div>
         <div class="flex space-x-3">
@@ -91,17 +91,17 @@
                   @click="checkForUpdates"
                   :disabled="isChecking"
                   class="px-4 py-2 text-sm font-medium text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400 bg-blue-50 dark:bg-blue-900/20 border border-blue-200 dark:border-blue-600/50 rounded-lg hover:bg-blue-100 dark:hover:bg-blue-900/40 transition-colors duration-200 disabled:opacity-50">
-            {{ isChecking ? '检查中...' : '检查更新' }}
+            {{ isChecking ? t('update.checking') : t('update.checkUpdate') }}
           </Button>
 
           <Button v-if="hasUpdate && !isUpdating"
                   @click="startUpdate"
                   class="px-4 py-2 text-sm font-medium text-white bg-gradient-to-r from-blue-500 to-purple-500 rounded-lg hover:from-blue-600 hover:to-purple-600 transition-all duration-200 transform hover:scale-105">
-            立即更新
+            {{ t('update.updateNow') }}
           </Button>
 
           <Button v-if="hasUpdate && !isUpdating" type="secondary" @click="skipUpdate">
-            跳过此版本
+            {{ t('update.skipVersion') }}
           </Button>
         </div>
       </div>
@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { nextTick, onMounted } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { AlertCircle } from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import Modal from '../ui/Modal.vue'
 import Button from '../ui/Button.vue'
@@ -122,6 +123,8 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
   close: []
 }>()
 
+const { t } = useI18n()
+
 const {
   // 状态
   isVisible,
diff --git a/src/components/VirtualTable.vue b/src/components/VirtualTable.vue
index b742080..b874c84 100644
--- a/src/components/VirtualTable.vue
+++ b/src/components/VirtualTable.vue
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
         </tr>
         <tr v-if="bottomPad > 0" :style="{height: bottomPad + 'px'}"><td :colspan="colCount"/></tr>
         <tr v-if="rows.length === 0">
-          <td :colspan="colCount" class="px-3 py-2 text-center text-gray-400">（0 行）</td>
+          <td :colspan="colCount" class="px-3 py-2 text-center text-gray-400">{{ t('view.zeroRows') }}</td>
         </tr>
       </tbody>
     </table>
@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, onBeforeUnmount, onMounted, ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
+
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 const props = withDefaults(defineProps<{
   columns: string[]
diff --git a/src/components/WebOutput.vue b/src/components/WebOutput.vue
index a1562f6..3a66c83 100644
--- a/src/components/WebOutput.vue
+++ b/src/components/WebOutput.vue
@@ -4,24 +4,24 @@
     <div class="bg-gray-100 px-4 py-2 border-b border-gray-200 flex items-center justify-between flex-shrink-0">
       <div class="flex items-center space-x-3">
         <Globe class="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600"/>
-        <h3 class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Web 预览</h3>
+        <h3 class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{{ t('view.webTitle') }}</h3>
         <div v-if="isRunning" class="flex items-center space-x-1 text-yellow-600">
           <Loader class="w-3 h-3 animate-spin"/>
-          <span class="text-xs">渲染中</span>
+          <span class="text-xs">{{ t('view.renderingBadge') }}</span>
         </div>
       </div>
 
       <div class="flex items-center space-x-2">
         <div v-if="executionTime > 0" class="text-xs text-gray-500 flex items-center space-x-1">
           <Clock class="w-3 h-3"/>
-          <span>{{ executionTime }} 毫秒</span>
+          <span>{{ t('view.ms', { n: executionTime }) }}</span>
         </div>
 
         <!-- 清空按钮 -->
         <button v-if="webContent && !isRunning"
                 @click="emit('clear')"
                 class="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 transition-colors duration-200 p-1 rounded hover:bg-gray-200 cursor-pointer"
-                title="清空预览">
+                :title="t('view.clearPreview')">
           <Trash2 class="w-3 h-3"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
       <div v-if="isRunning && !webContent" class="absolute inset-0 flex items-center justify-center bg-gray-50">
         <div class="text-center">
           <Loader class="w-8 h-8 animate-spin mx-auto mb-3 text-blue-600"/>
-          <p class="text-gray-600 text-sm">正在渲染页面...</p>
+          <p class="text-gray-600 text-sm">{{ t('view.rendering') }}</p>
         </div>
       </div>
 
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@
       <!-- 空状态 -->
       <div v-else class="absolute inset-0 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-gray-400">
         <Globe class="w-16 h-16 mb-4"/>
-        <h3 class="text-lg font-medium mb-2">没有Web内容</h3>
+        <h3 class="text-lg font-medium mb-2">{{ t('view.noWeb') }}</h3>
         <p class="text-sm text-center max-w-sm">
-          运行 HTML、CSS 或 JavaScript 代码来查看网页效果
+          {{ t('view.webHint') }}
         </p>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -61,8 +61,11 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {Clock, Globe, Loader, Trash2} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 const props = defineProps<{
   webContent?: string
   isRunning: boolean
diff --git a/src/components/WorkflowGraph.vue b/src/components/WorkflowGraph.vue
index adedae8..241c63f 100644
--- a/src/components/WorkflowGraph.vue
+++ b/src/components/WorkflowGraph.vue
@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed} from 'vue'
 import {Workflow, Zap} from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
+
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 const props = defineProps<{ workflow: any }>()
 
@@ -87,8 +90,8 @@ const graph = computed(() => {
   // 触发节点（最左列）
   if (triggers.value.length) {
     nodes.push({
-      id: '__trigger__', title: '触发 (on)', kind: 'trigger',
-      rows: triggers.value.map(t => ({text: t})),
+      id: '__trigger__', title: t('view.trigger'), kind: 'trigger',
+      rows: triggers.value.map(tr => ({text: tr})),
       x: 0, y: 0, height: HEADER_H + triggers.value.length * ROW_H, deps: [], level: -1
     })
   }
@@ -104,7 +107,7 @@ const graph = computed(() => {
       rows.push({tag: 'step', text: stepText(s)})
     }
     if (rows.length === 0) {
-      rows.push({text: '(无步骤)'})
+      rows.push({text: t('view.noSteps')})
     }
     nodes.push({
       id, title: job.name || id, kind: 'job', rows,
diff --git a/src/components/XlsxView.vue b/src/components/XlsxView.vue
index f66258b..4116102 100644
--- a/src/components/XlsxView.vue
+++ b/src/components/XlsxView.vue
@@ -5,24 +5,24 @@
       <div class="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 min-w-0">
         <Sheet class="w-3.5 h-3.5 flex-shrink-0"/>
         <span>Excel</span>
-        <span v-if="isRunning || loading" class="text-blue-500">读取中…</span>
+        <span v-if="isRunning || loading" class="text-blue-500">{{ t('view.xlsxReading') }}</span>
         <span v-else-if="error" class="text-red-500 truncate">{{ error }}</span>
-        <span v-else-if="table.rows.length" class="text-gray-400">{{ table.columns.length }} 列 · {{ table.rows.length }} 行</span>
+        <span v-else-if="table.rows.length" class="text-gray-400">{{ t('view.colsRows', { cols: table.columns.length, rows: table.rows.length }) }}</span>
       </div>
       <div class="flex items-center gap-1">
         <div class="flex items-center rounded-md border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 overflow-hidden">
-          <button class="p-1 transition-colors" :class="viewMode === 'table' ? 'bg-blue-500 text-white' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'" title="表格" @click="viewMode = 'table'">
+          <button class="p-1 transition-colors" :class="viewMode === 'table' ? 'bg-blue-500 text-white' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'" :title="t('view.table')" @click="viewMode = 'table'">
             <Table2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
           </button>
           <button class="p-1 transition-colors" :class="viewMode === 'chart' ? 'bg-blue-500 text-white' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'"
-                  :disabled="!table.columns.length" :title="table.columns.length ? '图表' : '无数据可绘图'" @click="viewMode = 'chart'">
+                  :disabled="!table.columns.length" :title="table.columns.length ? t('view.chart') : t('view.noChartData')" @click="viewMode = 'chart'">
             <BarChart3 class="w-3.5 h-3.5" :class="!table.columns.length ? 'opacity-40' : ''"/>
           </button>
         </div>
-        <button v-if="table.columns.length" class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="导出 CSV" @click="exportCsv">
+        <button v-if="table.columns.length" class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('view.exportCsv')" @click="exportCsv">
           <FileDown class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
-        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="清空" @click="emit('clear')">
+        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('view.clear')" @click="emit('clear')">
           <Trash2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
     </div>
     <!-- 表格（虚拟滚动） -->
     <div v-else-if="!table.columns.length" class="flex-1 overflow-auto p-2 text-xs">
-      <div class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">{{ error ? error : '运行 .xlsx / .xls 后在此查看数据' }}</div>
+      <div class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">{{ error ? error : t('view.emptyXlsx') }}</div>
     </div>
     <VirtualTable v-else class="flex-1" :columns="table.columns" :rows="table.rows"/>
   </div>
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {ref, shallowRef, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {BarChart3, FileDown, Sheet, Table2, Trash2} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import type * as XLSXType from 'xlsx'
 import ChartPanel from './charts/ChartPanel.vue'
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{
   executionTime?: number
 }>()
 const emit = defineEmits<{ clear: [] }>()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 const viewMode = ref<'table' | 'chart'>('table')
 const loading = ref(false)
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ const buildTable = (name: string) => {
     table.value = {columns: [], rows: []}
     return
   }
-  const columns = (aoa[0] || []).map((c: any, i: number) => (c === null || c === '' ? `列${i + 1}` : String(c)))
+  const columns = (aoa[0] || []).map((c: any, i: number) => (c === null || c === '' ? t('view.colN', {n: i + 1}) : String(c)))
   const rows = aoa.slice(1).map(r => columns.map((_c, i) => fmtCell(r[i])))
   table.value = {columns, rows}
 }
@@ -127,7 +129,7 @@ const loadFile = async (path: string) => {
     buildTable(activeSheet.value)
   }
   catch (e: any) {
-    error.value = '读取失败：' + String(e?.message || e)
+    error.value = t('view.xlsxReadFail') + String(e?.message || e)
     workbook.value = null
     sheets.value = []
     table.value = {columns: [], rows: []}
diff --git a/src/components/XmlView.vue b/src/components/XmlView.vue
index 63d2c5e..dbb262e 100644
--- a/src/components/XmlView.vue
+++ b/src/components/XmlView.vue
@@ -3,19 +3,19 @@
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-3 py-1.5 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
       <div class="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
         <Code class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
-        <span>XML 视图</span>
-        <span v-if="isRunning" class="text-blue-500">运行中…</span>
-        <span v-else-if="executionTime" class="text-gray-400">{{ executionTime }} ms</span>
-        <span v-if="parseError" class="text-red-500">解析失败</span>
+        <span>{{ t('view.xmlTitle') }}</span>
+        <span v-if="isRunning" class="text-blue-500">{{ t('view.running') }}</span>
+        <span v-else-if="executionTime" class="text-gray-400">{{ t('view.ms', { n: executionTime }) }}</span>
+        <span v-if="parseError" class="text-red-500">{{ t('view.parseFailed') }}</span>
       </div>
       <div class="flex items-center gap-1">
         <button class="p-1 rounded cursor-pointer hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700"
                 :class="mode === 'graph' ? 'text-blue-500' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'"
-                :title="mode === 'graph' ? '切换为层级树' : '切换为可视化关系图'"
+                :title="mode === 'graph' ? t('view.toTree') : t('view.toGraph')"
                 @click="mode = mode === 'graph' ? 'tree' : 'graph'">
           <Network class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
-        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="清空" @click="emit('clear')">
+        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('view.clear')" @click="emit('clear')">
           <Trash2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
     <!-- 层级树 / 占位 / 错误 -->
     <div v-else class="flex-1 overflow-auto p-2 font-mono text-xs">
-      <div v-if="!stable.trim()" class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">运行后在此查看 XML</div>
+      <div v-if="!stable.trim()" class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">{{ t('view.emptyXml') }}</div>
       <div v-else-if="parseError" class="space-y-2">
         <div class="text-red-500">{{ parseError }}</div>
         <pre class="whitespace-pre-wrap text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{{ stable }}</pre>
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {debounce} from 'lodash-es'
 import {Code, Network, Trash2} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import XmlNode from './XmlNode.vue'
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{
   executionTime?: number
 }>()
 const emit = defineEmits<{ clear: [] }>()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 // 流式输出防抖，避免逐行重建树
 const stable = ref(props.output)
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ const parseError = computed(() => {
     return ''
   }
   const err = d.querySelector('parsererror')
-  return err ? 'XML 解析失败：' + (err.textContent || '').trim() : ''
+  return err ? t('view.xmlParseFail') + (err.textContent || '').trim() : ''
 })
 
 const root = computed<Element | null>(() => {
diff --git a/src/components/YamlView.vue b/src/components/YamlView.vue
index 3cec93e..78fb4fc 100644
--- a/src/components/YamlView.vue
+++ b/src/components/YamlView.vue
@@ -3,26 +3,26 @@
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between px-3 py-1.5 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 flex-shrink-0">
       <div class="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
         <FileText class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
-        <span>YAML 视图</span>
-        <span v-if="isRunning" class="text-blue-500">运行中…</span>
-        <span v-else-if="executionTime" class="text-gray-400">{{ executionTime }} ms</span>
-        <span v-if="parseError" class="text-red-500">解析失败</span>
+        <span>{{ t('view.yamlTitle') }}</span>
+        <span v-if="isRunning" class="text-blue-500">{{ t('view.running') }}</span>
+        <span v-else-if="executionTime" class="text-gray-400">{{ t('view.ms', { n: executionTime }) }}</span>
+        <span v-if="parseError" class="text-red-500">{{ t('view.parseFailed') }}</span>
       </div>
       <div class="flex items-center gap-1">
         <button v-if="isWorkflow"
                 class="p-1 rounded cursor-pointer hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700"
                 :class="mode === 'workflow' ? 'text-amber-500' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'"
-                title="GitHub Actions 工作流图"
+                :title="t('view.workflowGraph')"
                 @click="mode = mode === 'workflow' ? 'tree' : 'workflow'">
           <Workflow class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
         <button class="p-1 rounded cursor-pointer hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700"
                 :class="mode === 'graph' ? 'text-blue-500' : 'text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300'"
-                :title="mode === 'graph' ? '切换为层级树' : '切换为可视化关系图'"
+                :title="mode === 'graph' ? t('view.toTree') : t('view.toGraph')"
                 @click="mode = mode === 'graph' ? 'tree' : 'graph'">
           <Network class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
-        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="清空" @click="emit('clear')">
+        <button class="p-1 rounded text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('view.clear')" @click="emit('clear')">
           <Trash2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 
     <!-- 层级树 / 占位 / 错误 -->
     <div v-else class="flex-1 overflow-auto p-2 font-mono text-xs">
-      <div v-if="!stable.trim()" class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">运行后在此查看 YAML</div>
+      <div v-if="!stable.trim()" class="text-gray-400 px-2 py-4 text-center">{{ t('view.emptyYaml') }}</div>
       <div v-else-if="parseError" class="space-y-2">
         <div class="text-red-500">{{ parseError }}</div>
         <pre class="whitespace-pre-wrap text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{{ stable }}</pre>
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {debounce} from 'lodash-es'
 import {FileText, Network, Trash2, Workflow} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import yaml from 'js-yaml'
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{
   executionTime?: number
 }>()
 const emit = defineEmits<{ clear: [] }>()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 // 显示模式：tree=层级树，graph=关系图，workflow=GitHub Actions 工作流图
 const mode = ref<'tree' | 'graph' | 'workflow'>('tree')
@@ -81,7 +83,7 @@ const parseResult = computed<{ value: any; error: string }>(() => {
     return {value: yaml.load(stable.value), error: ''}
   }
   catch (e: any) {
-    return {value: undefined, error: 'YAML 解析失败：' + (e?.reason || e?.message || e)}
+    return {value: undefined, error: t('view.yamlParseFail') + (e?.reason || e?.message || e)}
   }
 })
 const parsed = computed(() => parseResult.value.value)
diff --git a/src/components/charts/BoxplotChart.vue b/src/components/charts/BoxplotChart.vue
index dfe0638..d40c6e3 100644
--- a/src/components/charts/BoxplotChart.vue
+++ b/src/components/charts/BoxplotChart.vue
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {onBeforeUnmount, onMounted, ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import * as echarts from 'echarts/core'
 import {BoxplotChart as EBox, ScatterChart as EScatter} from 'echarts/charts'
 import {GridComponent, TooltipComponent} from 'echarts/components'
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ const props = defineProps<{
 }>()
 
 const {isDark} = useTheme()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 const el = ref<HTMLElement>()
 let chart: echarts.ECharts | null = null
 
@@ -31,8 +33,8 @@ const buildOption = (): echarts.EChartsCoreOption => {
     xAxis: {type: 'category', data: props.categories, axisLabel: {color: text, rotate: props.categories.length > 8 ? 30 : 0}, axisLine: {lineStyle: {color: axisLine}}},
     yAxis: {type: 'value', axisLabel: {color: text}, splitLine: {lineStyle: {color: axisLine}}},
     series: [
-      {name: '箱线', type: 'boxplot', data: props.boxes, itemStyle: {borderColor: '#3b82f6'}},
-      {name: '离群', type: 'scatter', data: props.outliers, symbolSize: 6, itemStyle: {color: '#ef4444'}}
+      {name: t('chart.boxName'), type: 'boxplot', data: props.boxes, itemStyle: {borderColor: '#3b82f6'}},
+      {name: t('chart.outlierName'), type: 'scatter', data: props.outliers, symbolSize: 6, itemStyle: {color: '#ef4444'}}
     ]
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/components/charts/ChartPanel.vue b/src/components/charts/ChartPanel.vue
index 85ddaeb..ebfc86b 100644
--- a/src/components/charts/ChartPanel.vue
+++ b/src/components/charts/ChartPanel.vue
@@ -5,37 +5,37 @@
       <!-- 图表类型（固定在顶部）-->
       <div class="flex-shrink-0 px-3 py-2 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700">
         <div class="flex items-center justify-between mb-1">
-          <span class="text-[11px] text-gray-400">图表类型</span>
+          <span class="text-[11px] text-gray-400">{{ t('chart.type') }}</span>
           <div class="flex items-center gap-1">
-            <button class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-[11px] text-gray-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" title="保存为预设" @click="savingPreset = !savingPreset">
-              <Star class="w-3 h-3"/>存预设
+            <button class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-[11px] text-gray-500 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" :title="t('chart.savePresetTitle')" @click="savingPreset = !savingPreset">
+              <Star class="w-3 h-3"/>{{ t('chart.savePreset') }}
             </button>
-            <button class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-[11px] text-violet-500 hover:bg-violet-50 dark:hover:bg-violet-900/30 cursor-pointer" title="用自然语言配图" @click="toggleAi">
-              <Sparkles class="w-3 h-3"/>AI 配图
+            <button class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-[11px] text-violet-500 hover:bg-violet-50 dark:hover:bg-violet-900/30 cursor-pointer" :title="t('chart.aiConfigTitle')" @click="toggleAi">
+              <Sparkles class="w-3 h-3"/>{{ t('chart.aiConfig') }}
             </button>
           </div>
         </div>
         <Select v-model="chartType" :options="chartTypes" searchable :button-classes="['!py-1', '!px-2.5', 'text-xs', '!rounded-md']"/>
         <!-- 保存预设输入 -->
         <div v-if="savingPreset" class="mt-1.5 flex items-center gap-1">
-          <input v-model="presetName" type="text" placeholder="预设名称" autofocus
+          <input v-model="presetName" type="text" :placeholder="t('chart.presetNamePlaceholder')" autofocus
                  class="flex-1 min-w-0 px-2 py-0.5 text-[11px] rounded border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-white dark:bg-gray-900 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-400"
                  @keydown.enter="confirmSavePreset" @keydown.esc="savingPreset = false"/>
-          <button class="px-2 py-0.5 text-[11px] rounded bg-blue-500 text-white hover:bg-blue-600 disabled:opacity-50 cursor-pointer" :disabled="!presetName.trim()" @click="confirmSavePreset">保存</button>
-          <button class="px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[11px] rounded text-gray-400 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="savingPreset = false">取消</button>
+          <button class="px-2 py-0.5 text-[11px] rounded bg-blue-500 text-white hover:bg-blue-600 disabled:opacity-50 cursor-pointer" :disabled="!presetName.trim()" @click="confirmSavePreset">{{ t('chart.save') }}</button>
+          <button class="px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[11px] rounded text-gray-400 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="savingPreset = false">{{ t('chart.cancel') }}</button>
         </div>
         <!-- 预设列表 -->
         <div v-if="presets.length" class="mt-1.5 flex flex-wrap gap-1">
           <span v-for="p in presets" :key="p.name"
                 class="group inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 cursor-pointer hover:bg-blue-100 dark:hover:bg-blue-900/40"
-                :title="`套用预设：${p.name}`" @click="applyPreset(p.name)">
+                :title="t('chart.applyPreset', { name: p.name })" @click="applyPreset(p.name)">
             {{ p.name }}
             <X class="w-2.5 h-2.5 opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 hover:text-red-500" @click.stop="deletePreset(p.name)"/>
           </span>
         </div>
         <div v-if="aiOpen" class="mt-2 p-2 rounded border border-violet-200 dark:border-violet-800 bg-violet-50/40 dark:bg-violet-900/10">
           <textarea v-model="aiPrompt" rows="2" :disabled="aiLoading"
-                    placeholder="例如：按状态统计数量，用饼图"
+                    :placeholder="t('chart.aiPlaceholder')"
                     class="w-full px-2 py-1 text-[11px] rounded border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-white dark:bg-gray-900 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 resize-none focus:outline-none focus:border-violet-400"
                     @keydown.meta.enter="aiGenerate" @keydown.ctrl.enter="aiGenerate"/>
           <div v-if="aiError" class="mt-1 text-[10px] text-red-500 whitespace-pre-wrap">{{ aiError }}</div>
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
                     :disabled="aiLoading || !aiPrompt.trim()" @click="aiGenerate">
               <RefreshCw v-if="aiLoading" class="w-3 h-3 animate-spin"/>
               <Sparkles v-else class="w-3 h-3"/>
-              {{ aiLoading ? '生成中…' : '生成' }}
+              {{ aiLoading ? t('chart.generating') : t('chart.generate') }}
             </button>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -52,18 +52,18 @@
 
       <!-- 可用字段（独立滚动）-->
       <div class="flex-1 min-h-0 overflow-y-auto px-3 py-2 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700">
-        <div class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-1.5">字段（单击选择 / 双击快速添加 / 可拖拽）</div>
+        <div class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-1.5">{{ t('chart.fields') }}</div>
         <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
           <div v-for="f in fields" :key="f.name" draggable="true"
                class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1 rounded border text-xs cursor-pointer active:cursor-grabbing select-none bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-blue-400"
-               title="单击选择位置 / 双击快速添加 / 拖拽到下方"
+               :title="t('chart.fieldTitle')"
                @dragstart="onDragStart($event, f.name)"
                @click="openFieldMenu(f, $event)"
                @dblclick="dblAdd(f)">
             <component :is="f.numeric ? Hash : Type" class="w-3 h-3" :class="f.numeric ? 'text-emerald-500' : 'text-amber-500'"/>
             {{ f.name }}
           </div>
-          <div v-if="fields.length === 0" class="text-xs text-gray-400">无可用列</div>
+          <div v-if="fields.length === 0" class="text-xs text-gray-400">{{ t('chart.noColumns') }}</div>
         </div>
       </div>
 
@@ -72,16 +72,16 @@
       <!-- 维度 -->
       <div v-if="meta.layout === 'dims' && meta.dimsZone" class="px-3 py-2 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700"
            @dragover.prevent="dragOver = 'dim'" @dragleave="dragOver = ''" @drop.prevent="onDrop('dim')">
-        <div class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-1.5">维度{{ meta.needDims === 0 ? '（可选）' : '（首个为分类轴，其余分组）' }}</div>
+        <div class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-1.5">{{ meta.needDims === 0 ? t('chart.dimsOptional') : t('chart.dimsAxis') }}</div>
         <div class="min-h-[28px] rounded border border-dashed p-1 flex flex-wrap gap-1 transition-colors"
              :class="dragOver === 'dim' ? 'border-blue-400 bg-blue-50/50 dark:bg-blue-900/20' : 'border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600'">
           <span v-for="(d, i) in dimensions" :key="d" class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-xs"
                 :class="i === 0 ? 'bg-blue-100 dark:bg-blue-900/40 text-blue-700 dark:text-blue-300' : 'bg-indigo-100 dark:bg-indigo-900/40 text-indigo-700 dark:text-indigo-300'">
-            <span v-if="i === 0 && meta.needDims > 0" class="text-[9px] opacity-70">轴</span>
+            <span v-if="i === 0 && meta.needDims > 0" class="text-[9px] opacity-70">{{ t('chart.axis') }}</span>
             {{ d }}
             <X class="w-3 h-3 cursor-pointer hover:text-red-500" @click="removeDim(d)"/>
           </span>
-          <span v-if="dimensions.length === 0" class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 px-1 py-0.5">拖入分类列（可多个）</span>
+          <span v-if="dimensions.length === 0" class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 px-1 py-0.5">{{ t('chart.dropDims') }}</span>
         </div>
       </div>
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
       <div v-if="meta.layout === 'dims'" class="px-3 py-2 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700"
            @dragover.prevent="dragOver = 'metric'" @dragleave="dragOver = ''" @drop.prevent="onDrop('metric')">
         <div class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-1.5 flex items-center justify-between">
-          <span>指标（数值轴）</span>
+          <span>{{ t('chart.metricAxis') }}</span>
           <Select v-if="meta.usesAgg" v-model="agg" :options="aggOptions" :button-classes="['!py-0.5', '!px-1.5', 'text-[11px]', '!rounded']" class="w-20"/>
         </div>
         <div class="min-h-[28px] rounded border border-dashed p-1 flex flex-wrap gap-1 transition-colors"
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
             {{ m }}
             <X class="w-3 h-3 cursor-pointer hover:text-red-500" @click="removeMetric(m)"/>
           </span>
-          <span v-if="metrics.length === 0" class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 px-1 py-0.5">拖入数值列</span>
+          <span v-if="metrics.length === 0" class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 px-1 py-0.5">{{ t('chart.dropMetric') }}</span>
         </div>
       </div>
 
@@ -120,27 +120,27 @@
       </template>
 
       <!-- 字段映射说明 -->
-      <p v-if="meta.note" class="px-3 py-2 text-[10px] text-gray-400 leading-snug border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700">{{ meta.note }}</p>
+      <p v-if="meta.note" class="px-3 py-2 text-[10px] text-gray-400 leading-snug border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700">{{ t(`chart.note.${chartType}`) }}</p>
 
       <!-- 显示选项 -->
       <div v-if="hasOptions" class="px-3 py-2 space-y-2">
         <div v-if="meta.sortable" class="flex items-center justify-between">
-          <span class="text-[11px] text-gray-400">排序</span>
+          <span class="text-[11px] text-gray-400">{{ t('chart.sort') }}</span>
           <Select v-model="sortOrder" :options="sortOptions" :button-classes="['!py-0.5', '!px-1.5', 'text-[11px]', '!rounded']" class="w-24"/>
         </div>
         <div v-if="meta.sortable" class="flex items-center justify-between">
-          <span class="text-[11px] text-gray-400">显示前 N 项</span>
-          <input v-model.number="topN" type="number" min="0" placeholder="全部"
+          <span class="text-[11px] text-gray-400">{{ t('chart.topN') }}</span>
+          <input v-model.number="topN" type="number" min="0" :placeholder="t('chart.all')"
                  class="w-16 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[11px] rounded border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200"/>
         </div>
         <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-x-3 gap-y-1 text-[11px] text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 pt-0.5">
-          <label v-if="supportsLabel" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="showLabel" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>数值标签</label>
-          <label v-if="chartType === 'bar'" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="horizontal" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>横向</label>
-          <label v-if="isLineLike" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="smooth" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>平滑</label>
-          <label v-if="(chartType === 'bar' || isLineLike || chartType === 'polarBar') && shaped.series.length > 1" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="stacked" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>堆叠</label>
-          <label v-if="chartType === 'pie'" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="ring" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>环形</label>
-          <label v-if="chartType === 'radar'" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="radarFill" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>填充</label>
-          <label v-if="chartType === 'combo' && shaped.series.length > 1" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="dualAxis" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>双 Y 轴</label>
+          <label v-if="supportsLabel" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="showLabel" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>{{ t('chart.labelValue') }}</label>
+          <label v-if="chartType === 'bar'" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="horizontal" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>{{ t('chart.horizontal') }}</label>
+          <label v-if="isLineLike" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="smooth" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>{{ t('chart.smooth') }}</label>
+          <label v-if="(chartType === 'bar' || isLineLike || chartType === 'polarBar') && shaped.series.length > 1" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="stacked" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>{{ t('chart.stacked') }}</label>
+          <label v-if="chartType === 'pie'" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="ring" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>{{ t('chart.ring') }}</label>
+          <label v-if="chartType === 'radar'" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="radarFill" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>{{ t('chart.fill') }}</label>
+          <label v-if="chartType === 'combo' && shaped.series.length > 1" class="flex items-center gap-1.5 cursor-pointer"><input v-model="dualAxis" type="checkbox" class="accent-blue-500"/>{{ t('chart.dualY') }}</label>
         </div>
       </div>
       </div>
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@
     <div ref="chartHost" class="relative flex-1 min-w-0 min-h-0 overflow-hidden p-3">
       <div v-if="ready" class="absolute top-2 right-2 z-20">
         <button class="p-1.5 rounded-md text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300 bg-white/70 dark:bg-gray-800/70 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 backdrop-blur cursor-pointer"
-                title="导出 / 复制" @click="menuOpen = !menuOpen">
+                :title="t('chart.exportCopy')" @click="menuOpen = !menuOpen">
           <Download class="w-3.5 h-3.5"/>
         </button>
         <template v-if="menuOpen">
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@
       </div>
       <div v-if="!ready" class="h-full flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-gray-400 gap-2">
         <BarChart3 class="w-8 h-8"/>
-        <p class="text-xs">{{ meta.empty }}</p>
+        <p class="text-xs">{{ t(`chart.empty.${chartType}`) }}</p>
       </div>
       <BarChart v-else-if="chartType === 'bar'" :categories="shaped.categories" :series="shaped.series"
                 :horizontal="horizontal" :stacked="stacked" :show-label="showLabel"/>
@@ -206,13 +206,13 @@
              :style="{left: fieldMenu.left + 'px', top: fieldMenu.top + 'px'}">
           <div class="px-3 py-1 text-[11px] text-gray-400 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 truncate">{{ fieldMenu.name }}</div>
           <template v-if="meta.layout === 'scatter'">
-            <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300" @click="pickTarget('x')">设为 X 指标</button>
-            <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300" @click="pickTarget('y')">设为 Y 指标</button>
-            <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300" @click="pickTarget('group')">设为分组</button>
+            <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300" @click="pickTarget('x')">{{ t('chart.setX') }}</button>
+            <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300" @click="pickTarget('y')">{{ t('chart.setY') }}</button>
+            <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300" @click="pickTarget('group')">{{ t('chart.setGroup') }}</button>
           </template>
           <template v-else>
-            <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-300" @click="pickTarget('dim')">加为维度</button>
-            <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-300" @click="pickTarget('metric')">加为指标</button>
+            <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-300" @click="pickTarget('dim')">{{ t('chart.addDim') }}</button>
+            <button class="w-full text-left px-3 py-1.5 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-300" @click="pickTarget('metric')">{{ t('chart.addMetric') }}</button>
           </template>
         </div>
       </template>
@@ -222,6 +222,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {debounce} from 'lodash-es'
 import * as echarts from 'echarts/core'
 import {SVGRenderer} from 'echarts/renderers'
@@ -267,51 +268,52 @@ const props = defineProps<{
   rows: any[][]
 }>()
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 // 图表元数据：新增图表只需在此加一条 + 对应渲染/塑形
+// label/empty/note 的文案统一存于 i18n 的 chart.types/empty/note.<value>，此处仅保留结构信息
 interface ChartMeta {
-  label: string
   layout: 'dims' | 'scatter' // 配置布局
   needDims: number // 最少维度（dims 布局）
   needMetrics: number // 最少指标
   dimsZone?: boolean // 是否显示维度区（默认 true）
   usesAgg?: boolean // 是否使用聚合方式（默认 true）
   sortable?: boolean // 是否显示 排序/TopN
-  note?: string // 字段映射说明
-  empty: string // 空状态提示
+  note?: boolean // 是否有字段映射说明（文案见 chart.note.<value>）
 }
 
 const CHART_META: Record<string, ChartMeta> = {
-  bar: {label: '柱状图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, empty: '拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表'},
-  line: {label: '折线图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, empty: '拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表'},
-  combo: {label: '组合图(柱+线)', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 2, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: '首个指标作柱、其余作线；可开「双 Y 轴」', empty: '拖入「维度」和≥2 个「指标」生成组合图'},
-  area: {label: '面积图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, empty: '拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表'},
-  pie: {label: '饼图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: '取首个维度作分类、首个指标作数值', empty: '拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表'},
-  scatter: {label: '散点图', layout: 'scatter', needDims: 0, needMetrics: 0, empty: '拖入「X 指标」和「Y 指标」生成图表'},
-  radar: {label: '雷达图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, empty: '拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表'},
-  funnel: {label: '漏斗图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: '取首个维度作分类、首个指标作数值', empty: '拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表'},
-  heatmap: {label: '热力图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 2, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: '前两个维度作 X/Y 轴、首个指标作热力值', empty: '拖入两个维度和一个指标生成图表'},
-  gauge: {label: '仪表盘', layout: 'dims', needDims: 0, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: false, usesAgg: true, note: '仪表盘取首个指标聚合为单值', empty: '拖入一个指标生成仪表盘'},
-  sankey: {label: '桑基图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 2, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: '相邻维度按数据流连接、指标作流量', empty: '拖入≥2 个维度和一个指标生成桑基图'},
-  sunburst: {label: '旭日图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: '维度按层级嵌套、首个指标作数值', empty: '拖入维度(层级)和一个指标生成旭日图'},
-  treemap: {label: '矩形树图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: '维度按层级嵌套、首个指标作面积', empty: '拖入维度(层级)和一个指标生成矩形树图'},
-  tree: {label: '树图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: '维度按层级展开、首个指标作叶子值', empty: '拖入维度(层级)和一个指标生成树图'},
-  boxplot: {label: '箱线图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: false, note: '首个维度分组、首个指标取原始分布', empty: '拖入一个维度和一个指标生成箱线图'},
-  candlestick: {label: 'K 线图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 4, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: false, note: '维度作类目轴、指标依次为 开/收/低/高', empty: '拖入一个维度和「开/收/低/高」四个指标'},
-  parallel: {label: '平行坐标', layout: 'dims', needDims: 0, needMetrics: 2, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: false, note: '多个指标作平行轴、首个维度可选分组', empty: '拖入≥2 个指标生成平行坐标'},
-  themeriver: {label: '主题河流', layout: 'dims', needDims: 2, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: '维度1为时间、维度2为类别、指标作值', empty: '拖入两个维度(时间,类别)和一个指标生成主题河流'},
-  calendar: {label: '日历图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: '首个维度作日期、首个指标作值', empty: '拖入一个日期维度和一个指标生成日历图'},
-  rose: {label: '玫瑰图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: '取首个维度作扇区、首个指标作半径', empty: '拖入「维度」和「指标」生成玫瑰图'},
-  effectScatter: {label: '涟漪散点图', layout: 'scatter', needDims: 0, needMetrics: 0, empty: '拖入「X 指标」和「Y 指标」生成涟漪散点图'},
-  graph: {label: '关系图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 2, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: '维度1为源、维度2为目标、指标作连线权重', empty: '拖入两个维度(源,目标)和一个指标生成关系图'},
-  polarBar: {label: '极坐标柱状图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: '维度作角度轴、指标作半径', empty: '拖入「维度」和「指标」生成极坐标柱状图'},
-  pictorialBar: {label: '象形柱图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: '维度作类目轴、指标作高度(图形重复填充)', empty: '拖入「维度」和「指标」生成象形柱图'},
-  wordcloud: {label: '词云', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: '首个维度作词、首个指标作权重', empty: '拖入「维度」和「指标」生成词云'},
-  liquidFill: {label: '水球图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 0, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: false, usesAgg: true, note: '首个指标聚合值 ÷ 该列最大值作填充比例', empty: '拖入一个指标生成水球图'},
-  mapChina: {label: '中国地图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: '首个维度作省份名(如「北京市」)、首个指标作值', empty: '拖入一个省份维度和一个指标生成中国地图'},
-  mapWorld: {label: '世界地图', layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: '首个维度作国家名(英文)、首个指标作值', empty: '拖入一个国家维度和一个指标生成世界地图'}
-}
-
-const chartTypes = Object.entries(CHART_META).map(([value, m]) => ({value, label: m.label}))
+  bar: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true},
+  line: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true},
+  combo: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 2, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: true},
+  area: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true},
+  pie: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: true},
+  scatter: {layout: 'scatter', needDims: 0, needMetrics: 0},
+  radar: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true},
+  funnel: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: true},
+  heatmap: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 2, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: true},
+  gauge: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 0, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: false, usesAgg: true, note: true},
+  sankey: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 2, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: true},
+  sunburst: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: true},
+  treemap: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: true},
+  tree: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: true},
+  boxplot: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: false, note: true},
+  candlestick: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 4, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: false, note: true},
+  parallel: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 0, needMetrics: 2, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: false, note: true},
+  themeriver: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 2, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: true},
+  calendar: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: true},
+  rose: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: true},
+  effectScatter: {layout: 'scatter', needDims: 0, needMetrics: 0},
+  graph: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 2, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: true},
+  polarBar: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: true},
+  pictorialBar: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: true},
+  wordcloud: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, sortable: true, note: true},
+  liquidFill: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 0, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: false, usesAgg: true, note: true},
+  mapChina: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: true},
+  mapWorld: {layout: 'dims', needDims: 1, needMetrics: 1, dimsZone: true, usesAgg: true, note: true}
+}
+
+const chartTypes = computed(() => Object.keys(CHART_META).map(value => ({value, label: t(`chart.types.${value}`)})))
 const chartType = ref('bar')
 const meta = computed(() => CHART_META[chartType.value])
 const isLineLike = computed(() => chartType.value === 'line' || chartType.value === 'area')
@@ -320,14 +322,16 @@ const supportsLabel = computed(() => ['bar', 'line', 'area', 'combo', 'pie', 'ro
 const hasOptions = computed(() => meta.value.sortable || supportsLabel.value
   || ['bar', 'line', 'area', 'pie', 'radar'].includes(chartType.value))
 
-const aggOptions = (Object.keys(AGG_LABELS) as AggKind[]).map(k => ({value: k, label: AGG_LABELS[k]}))
+const aggOptions = computed(() => (Object.keys(AGG_LABELS) as AggKind[]).map(k => ({value: k, label: t(`chart.agg.${k}`)})))
 const agg = ref<AggKind>('sum')
-
-const sortOptions = [
-  {value: 'none', label: '原始顺序'},
-  {value: 'desc', label: '降序'},
-  {value: 'asc', label: '升序'}
-]
+// 聚合方式显示名（用于 仪表盘/水球图 标题）
+const aggLabel = (k: AggKind) => t(`chart.agg.${k}`)
+
+const sortOptions = computed(() => [
+  {value: 'none', label: t('chart.sortNone')},
+  {value: 'desc', label: t('chart.sortDesc')},
+  {value: 'asc', label: t('chart.sortAsc')}
+])
 const sortOrder = ref<'none' | 'asc' | 'desc'>('none')
 const topN = ref<number>(0)
 
@@ -337,11 +341,11 @@ const metrics = ref<string[]>([])
 const xField = ref('')
 const yField = ref('')
 const groupField = ref('')
-const scatterZones = [
-  {key: 'x' as const, label: 'X 指标（数值）', hint: '拖入数值列', model: xField},
-  {key: 'y' as const, label: 'Y 指标（数值）', hint: '拖入数值列', model: yField},
-  {key: 'group' as const, label: '分组（可选）', hint: '拖入分类列', model: groupField}
-]
+const scatterZones = computed(() => [
+  {key: 'x' as const, label: t('chart.scatterX'), hint: t('chart.dropNumeric'), model: xField},
+  {key: 'y' as const, label: t('chart.scatterY'), hint: t('chart.dropNumeric'), model: yField},
+  {key: 'group' as const, label: t('chart.scatterGroup'), hint: t('chart.dropCategory'), model: groupField}
+])
 const horizontal = ref(false)
 const stacked = ref(false)
 const smooth = ref(false)
@@ -501,10 +505,10 @@ const copyImage = async () => {
   try {
     const blob = await (await fetch(url)).blob()
     await navigator.clipboard.write([new ClipboardItem({'image/png': blob})])
-    toast.success('图片已复制到剪贴板')
+    toast.success(t('chart.imageCopied'))
   }
   catch {
-    toast.error('复制失败，当前环境可能不支持')
+    toast.error(t('chart.copyFailed'))
   }
 }
 
@@ -536,12 +540,12 @@ const exportSvg = () => {
 const exportCsv = () => downloadCsv(props.columns, props.rows, `data-${Date.now()}.csv`)
 
 const menuOpen = ref(false)
-const exportItems = [
-  {label: '导出 PNG', icon: Download, fn: exportPng},
-  {label: '导出 SVG', icon: ImageIcon, fn: exportSvg},
-  {label: '复制图片', icon: Copy, fn: copyImage},
-  {label: '导出数据 CSV', icon: FileDown, fn: exportCsv}
-]
+const exportItems = computed(() => [
+  {label: t('chart.exportPng'), icon: Download, fn: exportPng},
+  {label: t('chart.exportSvg'), icon: ImageIcon, fn: exportSvg},
+  {label: t('chart.copyImage'), icon: Copy, fn: copyImage},
+  {label: t('chart.exportCsv'), icon: FileDown, fn: exportCsv}
+])
 const runExport = (fn: () => void) => {
   fn()
   menuOpen.value = false
@@ -564,7 +568,7 @@ const aiGenerate = async () => {
     return
   }
   if (!aiActive.value.apiKey?.trim()) {
-    aiError.value = '未配置 AI API Key（设置 → AI）'
+    aiError.value = t('chart.noApiKey')
     return
   }
   aiLoading.value = true
@@ -608,7 +612,7 @@ const aiGenerate = async () => {
     aiPrompt.value = ''
   }
   catch (e: any) {
-    aiError.value = 'AI 返回无法解析或出错：' + String(e?.message || e)
+    aiError.value = t('chart.aiParseFail') + String(e?.message || e)
   }
   finally {
     aiLoading.value = false
@@ -619,7 +623,7 @@ const aiGenerate = async () => {
 watch(() => props.columns, (cols) => {
   dimensions.value = dimensions.value.filter(d => cols.includes(d))
   metrics.value = metrics.value.filter(m => cols.includes(m))
-  for (const z of scatterZones) {
+  for (const z of scatterZones.value) {
     if (z.model.value && !cols.includes(z.model.value)) {
       z.model.value = ''
     }
@@ -655,7 +659,7 @@ const onDropScatter = (zone: 'x' | 'y' | 'group') => {
   if (!name || !props.columns.includes(name)) {
     return
   }
-  const z = scatterZones.find(s => s.key === zone)!
+  const z = scatterZones.value.find(s => s.key === zone)!
   z.model.value = name
   dragField = ''
 }
@@ -800,7 +804,7 @@ const liquid = computed(() => {
   const m = metrics.value[0]
   const value = aggregateColumn(table.value, m, agg.value)
   const colMax = aggregateColumn(table.value, m, 'max')
-  return {value: colMax > 0 ? value / colMax : 0, name: `${AGG_LABELS[agg.value]}(${m})`}
+  return {value: colMax > 0 ? value / colMax : 0, name: `${aggLabel(agg.value)}(${m})`}
 })
 
 // 仪表盘：首个指标聚合为单值，量程取略大于该值的“整”数
@@ -817,7 +821,7 @@ const gauge = computed(() => {
   }
   const m = metrics.value[0]
   const value = aggregateColumn(table.value, m, agg.value)
-  return {value, max: niceMax(value), name: `${AGG_LABELS[agg.value]}(${m})`}
+  return {value, max: niceMax(value), name: `${aggLabel(agg.value)}(${m})`}
 })
 
 const shaped = computed(() => {
diff --git a/src/components/charts/TreeChart.vue b/src/components/charts/TreeChart.vue
index 2c70004..0c31c37 100644
--- a/src/components/charts/TreeChart.vue
+++ b/src/components/charts/TreeChart.vue
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {computed, onBeforeUnmount, onMounted, ref, watch} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import * as echarts from 'echarts/core'
 import {TreeChart as ETree} from 'echarts/charts'
 import {TooltipComponent} from 'echarts/components'
@@ -20,11 +21,12 @@ const props = defineProps<{
 }>()
 
 const {isDark} = useTheme()
+const {t} = useI18n()
 const el = ref<HTMLElement>()
 let chart: echarts.ECharts | null = null
 
 // echarts tree 需要单一根节点，这里包一层
-const rootData = computed<TreeNode>(() => ({name: props.rootName || '全部', children: props.data}))
+const rootData = computed<TreeNode>(() => ({name: props.rootName || t('chart.rootAll'), children: props.data}))
 
 const buildOption = (): echarts.EChartsCoreOption => {
   const text = isDark.value ? '#d1d5db' : '#374151'
diff --git a/src/components/setting/Cache.vue b/src/components/setting/Cache.vue
index 8ba059e..ca60b9a 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/Cache.vue
+++ b/src/components/setting/Cache.vue
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 <template>
   <div class="space-y-6">
     <div class="space-y-4">
-      <h3 class="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100">缓存管理</h3>
+      <h3 class="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100">{{ t('settings.cache.title') }}</h3>
       <p class="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">
-        管理应用缓存，包括代码执行临时文件等
+        {{ t('settings.cache.desc') }}
       </p>
     </div>
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
       <div class="p-4 bg-blue-50 dark:bg-blue-900/20 rounded-lg">
         <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
           <div>
-            <p class="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">插件执行缓存</p>
+            <p class="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('settings.cache.pluginsCache') }}</p>
             <p class="text-2xl font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mt-1">
               {{ formatSize(cacheInfo.plugins_cache_size) }}
             </p>
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
       <div class="p-4 bg-green-50 dark:bg-green-900/20 rounded-lg">
         <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
           <div>
-            <p class="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">总缓存大小</p>
+            <p class="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('settings.cache.totalCache') }}</p>
             <p class="text-2xl font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mt-1">
               {{ formatSize(cacheInfo.total_cache_size) }}
             </p>
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
           <circle class="opacity-25" cx="12" cy="12" r="10" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="4"></circle>
           <path class="opacity-75" fill="currentColor" d="M4 12a8 8 0 018-8V0C5.373 0 0 5.373 0 12h4zm2 5.291A7.962 7.962 0 014 12H0c0 3.042 1.135 5.824 3 7.938l3-2.647z"></path>
         </svg>
-        <span>加载中...</span>
+        <span>{{ t('settings.cache.loading') }}</span>
       </div>
     </div>
 
@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@
     <div class="space-y-4">
       <div class="flex items-center justify-between p-4 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 rounded-lg">
         <div class="flex-1">
-          <h4 class="font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100">清理插件执行缓存</h4>
+          <h4 class="font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100">{{ t('settings.cache.clearPluginsTitle') }}</h4>
           <p class="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 mt-1">
-            清理代码执行产生的临时文件
+            {{ t('settings.cache.clearPluginsDesc') }}
           </p>
         </div>
         <Button
@@ -75,15 +75,15 @@
           :icon="Trash2"
           :disabled="isClearing"
           @click="clearPluginsCache">
-          清理
+          {{ t('settings.cache.clear') }}
         </Button>
       </div>
 
       <div class="flex items-center justify-between p-4 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 rounded-lg">
         <div class="flex-1">
-          <h4 class="font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100">清理所有缓存</h4>
+          <h4 class="font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100">{{ t('settings.cache.clearAllTitle') }}</h4>
           <p class="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 mt-1">
-            清理应用所有缓存数据
+            {{ t('settings.cache.clearAllDesc') }}
           </p>
         </div>
         <Button
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
           :icon="Trash2"
           :disabled="isClearing"
           @click="clearAllCache">
-          清理
+          {{ t('settings.cache.clear') }}
         </Button>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -100,10 +100,13 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { onMounted, ref } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { invoke } from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import { AlertCircle, CheckCircle, FolderOpen, HardDrive, Trash2 } from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import Button from '../../ui/Button.vue'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 interface CacheInfo {
   plugins_cache_size: number
   total_cache_size: number
@@ -150,7 +153,7 @@ const clearPluginsCache = async () => {
 
   try {
     await invoke('clear_plugins_cache')
-    success.value = '插件执行缓存已清理'
+    success.value = t('settings.cache.clearedPlugins')
     await fetchCacheInfo()
 
     // 3秒后清除成功信息
@@ -175,7 +178,7 @@ const clearAllCache = async () => {
 
   try {
     await invoke('clear_all_cache')
-    success.value = '所有缓存已清理'
+    success.value = t('settings.cache.clearedAll')
     await fetchCacheInfo()
 
     // 3秒后清除成功信息
diff --git a/src/components/setting/Database.vue b/src/components/setting/Database.vue
index 48b640c..8b123e2 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/Database.vue
+++ b/src/components/setting/Database.vue
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 <template>
   <div class="-mt-1">
     <p class="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 mb-3">
-      管理数据库连接，运行 SQL 时可在输出区选择数据源。密码以明文保存在本地数据库中。
+      {{ t('settings.database.desc') }}
     </p>
 
     <!-- 主从布局：左侧连接列表 + 右侧表单 -->
     <div class="flex gap-4 items-start">
       <!-- 左：连接列表 -->
       <div class="w-64 flex-shrink-0 space-y-2">
-        <Button size="sm" :icon="Plus" class="w-full" :type="editingId ? 'secondary' : 'primary'" @click="resetForm">新增连接</Button>
+        <Button size="sm" :icon="Plus" class="w-full" :type="editingId ? 'secondary' : 'primary'" @click="resetForm">{{ t('settings.database.newConnection') }}</Button>
         <div class="space-y-1 max-h-[55vh] overflow-y-auto pr-0.5">
           <button v-for="c in connections" :key="c.id"
                   class="group w-full text-left rounded-lg border px-2.5 py-2 transition-colors cursor-pointer"
@@ -18,57 +18,57 @@
               <span class="text-[10px] px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded uppercase font-semibold flex-shrink-0"
                     :class="c.kind === 'mysql' ? 'bg-orange-100 dark:bg-orange-900/40 text-orange-600 dark:text-orange-300' : c.kind === 'postgres' ? 'bg-sky-100 dark:bg-sky-900/40 text-sky-600 dark:text-sky-300' : c.kind === 'clickhouse' ? 'bg-yellow-100 dark:bg-yellow-900/40 text-yellow-700 dark:text-yellow-300' : c.kind === 'duckdb' ? 'bg-amber-100 dark:bg-amber-900/40 text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300' : 'bg-blue-100 dark:bg-blue-900/40 text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-300'">{{ c.kind }}</span>
               <span class="flex-1 truncate text-sm font-medium text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100">{{ c.name }}</span>
-              <Trash2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-red-500 opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 flex-shrink-0" title="删除" @click.stop="remove(c.id)"/>
+              <Trash2 class="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-red-500 opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 flex-shrink-0" :title="t('settings.database.delete')" @click.stop="remove(c.id)"/>
             </div>
             <div class="text-xs text-gray-400 truncate mt-0.5">
-              {{ isFileKind(c.kind) ? (c.file || '内存库') : `${c.user || ''}@${c.host || ''}:${c.port || defaultPortOf(c.kind)}/${c.database || ''}` }}
+              {{ isFileKind(c.kind) ? (c.file || t('settings.database.memoryDb')) : `${c.user || ''}@${c.host || ''}:${c.port || defaultPortOf(c.kind)}/${c.database || ''}` }}
             </div>
           </button>
-          <div v-if="!connections.length" class="text-xs text-gray-400 text-center py-6">还没有连接</div>
+          <div v-if="!connections.length" class="text-xs text-gray-400 text-center py-6">{{ t('settings.database.noConnections') }}</div>
         </div>
       </div>
 
       <!-- 右：表单 -->
       <div class="flex-1 min-w-0 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 rounded-lg p-4 space-y-4">
-        <div class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">{{ editingId ? '编辑连接' : '新增连接' }}</div>
+        <div class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">{{ editingId ? t('settings.database.editConnection') : t('settings.database.newConnection') }}</div>
 
         <div class="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-4 gap-y-3">
-          <Label label="类型">
+          <Label :label="t('settings.database.type')">
             <Select v-model="form.kind" :options="kindOptions" class="w-full" :button-classes="['!py-1.5', 'text-sm', 'w-full']"/>
           </Label>
-          <Label label="连接名称">
-            <Input v-model="form.name" placeholder="例如：本地数据源"/>
+          <Label :label="t('settings.database.name')">
+            <Input v-model="form.name" :placeholder="t('settings.database.namePlaceholder')"/>
           </Label>
         </div>
 
         <div v-if="!isFileKind(form.kind)" class="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-4 gap-y-3">
-          <Label label="主机">
-            <Input v-model="form.host" placeholder="默认 127.0.0.1"/>
+          <Label :label="t('settings.database.host')">
+            <Input v-model="form.host" :placeholder="t('settings.database.hostPlaceholder')"/>
           </Label>
-          <Label label="端口">
-            <Number v-model="form.port" :placeholder="`默认 ${defaultPortOf(form.kind)}`"/>
+          <Label :label="t('settings.database.port')">
+            <Number v-model="form.port" :placeholder="t('settings.database.portPlaceholder', { port: defaultPortOf(form.kind) })"/>
           </Label>
-          <Label label="用户名">
-            <Input v-model="form.user" placeholder="用户名"/>
+          <Label :label="t('settings.database.user')">
+            <Input v-model="form.user" :placeholder="t('settings.database.userPlaceholder')"/>
           </Label>
-          <Label label="密码">
-            <Input v-model="form.password" type="password" placeholder="密码"/>
+          <Label :label="t('settings.database.password')">
+            <Input v-model="form.password" type="password" :placeholder="t('settings.database.passwordPlaceholder')"/>
           </Label>
-          <Label label="数据库名" custom-class="col-span-2">
-            <Input v-model="form.database" placeholder="数据库名（可选）"/>
+          <Label :label="t('settings.database.databaseName')" custom-class="col-span-2">
+            <Input v-model="form.database" :placeholder="t('settings.database.databasePlaceholder')"/>
           </Label>
         </div>
-        <Label v-else :label="form.kind === 'duckdb' ? 'DuckDB 文件' : 'SQLite 文件'">
+        <Label v-else :label="form.kind === 'duckdb' ? t('settings.database.duckdbFile') : t('settings.database.sqliteFile')">
           <div class="flex gap-2">
-            <Input v-model="form.file" class="flex-1" :placeholder="form.kind === 'duckdb' ? '文件路径（留空则用内存库）' : 'SQLite 文件路径'"/>
-            <Button size="sm" type="secondary" @click="pickFile">选择文件</Button>
+            <Input v-model="form.file" class="flex-1" :placeholder="form.kind === 'duckdb' ? t('settings.database.duckdbFilePlaceholder') : t('settings.database.sqliteFilePlaceholder')"/>
+            <Button size="sm" type="secondary" @click="pickFile">{{ t('settings.database.pickFile') }}</Button>
           </div>
         </Label>
 
         <div class="flex items-center gap-2 pt-1">
-          <Button size="sm" :disabled="!canSave" @click="submit">{{ editingId ? '保存修改' : '添加连接' }}</Button>
-          <Button size="sm" type="secondary" :disabled="!canTest" :loading="testing" @click="testConnection">测试连接</Button>
-          <Button v-if="editingId" size="sm" type="secondary" @click="resetForm">取消</Button>
+          <Button size="sm" :disabled="!canSave" @click="submit">{{ editingId ? t('settings.database.save') : t('settings.database.add') }}</Button>
+          <Button size="sm" type="secondary" :disabled="!canTest" :loading="testing" @click="testConnection">{{ t('settings.database.test') }}</Button>
+          <Button v-if="editingId" size="sm" type="secondary" @click="resetForm">{{ t('settings.database.cancel') }}</Button>
         </div>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -85,9 +85,11 @@ import Select from '../../ui/Select.vue'
 import Input from '../../ui/Input.vue'
 import Number from '../../ui/Number.vue'
 import Label from '../../ui/Label.vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {useDbConnections, type DataSource, type DbConnection} from '../../composables/useDbConnections'
 import {useToast} from '../../plugins/toast'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
 const {connections, add, update, remove} = useDbConnections()
 const toast = useToast()
 
@@ -138,14 +140,14 @@ const testConnection = async () => {
   try {
     const res = await invoke<{ error?: string }>('run_sql', {sql: 'SELECT 1', source: buildSource()})
     if (res.error) {
-      toast.error('连接失败：' + res.error)
+      toast.error(t('settings.database.connectFailed') + res.error)
     }
     else {
-      toast.success('连接成功')
+      toast.success(t('settings.database.connectSuccess'))
     }
   }
   catch (e: any) {
-    toast.error('连接失败：' + String(e?.message || e))
+    toast.error(t('settings.database.connectFailed') + String(e?.message || e))
   }
   finally {
     testing.value = false
@@ -168,7 +170,7 @@ const startEdit = (c: DbConnection) => {
 }
 
 const pickFile = async () => {
-  const selected = await open({multiple: false, filters: [{name: '数据库文件', extensions: ['db', 'sqlite', 'sqlite3', 'db3', 'duckdb', 'ddb']}]})
+  const selected = await open({multiple: false, filters: [{name: t('settings.database.fileDialogName'), extensions: ['db', 'sqlite', 'sqlite3', 'db3', 'duckdb', 'ddb']}]})
   if (typeof selected === 'string') {
     form.file = selected
   }
diff --git a/src/components/setting/EnvironmentManager.vue b/src/components/setting/EnvironmentManager.vue
index 559c852..e09cdb7 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/EnvironmentManager.vue
+++ b/src/components/setting/EnvironmentManager.vue
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 <template>
   <div class="space-y-4">
     <!-- 当前版本和路径选择 -->
-    <Label label="语言环境目录">
+    <Label :label="t('settings.env.dir')">
       <div class="flex gap-2">
-        <Input :model-value="executeHome" class="w-full" placeholder="选择语言环境目录路径" :disabled="true"/>
+        <Input :model-value="executeHome" class="w-full" :placeholder="t('settings.env.dirPlaceholder')" :disabled="true"/>
         <Button type="primary"
                 :icon-only="true"
                 :icon="Folder"
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
       <div class="flex items-center space-x-2">
         <CheckCircle class="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400"/>
         <div>
-          <span class="text-sm font-medium text-blue-900 dark:text-blue-100">当前版本: </span>
+          <span class="text-sm font-medium text-blue-900 dark:text-blue-100">{{ t('settings.env.currentVersion') }}</span>
           <span class="text-sm font-semibold text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400">{{ environmentInfo.current_version }}</span>
         </div>
       </div>
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
           <circle class="opacity-25" cx="12" cy="12" r="10" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="4"></circle>
           <path class="opacity-75" fill="currentColor" d="M4 12a8 8 0 018-8V0C5.373 0 0 5.373 0 12h4zm2 5.291A7.962 7.962 0 014 12H0c0 3.042 1.135 5.824 3 7.938l3-2.647z"></path>
         </svg>
-        <span>加载中...</span>
+        <span>{{ t('settings.env.loading') }}</span>
       </div>
     </div>
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
                   <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100">{{ version.version }}</span>
                   <span v-if="environmentInfo.current_version === version.version"
                         class="px-2 py-0.5 text-xs font-medium bg-blue-100 dark:bg-blue-900 text-blue-800 dark:text-blue-200 rounded">
-                    当前
+                    {{ t('settings.env.current') }}
                   </span>
                 </div>
                 <div class="flex items-center space-x-2">
@@ -98,21 +98,21 @@
                           type="primary"
                           size="sm"
                           @click="handleSwitchVersion(version.version)">
-                    切换
+                    {{ t('settings.env.switch') }}
                   </Button>
                   <Button v-if="environmentInfo.current_version !== version.version"
                           type="danger"
                           size="sm"
                           :icon="Trash2"
                           @click="handleUninstall(version.version)">
-                    卸载
+                    {{ t('settings.env.uninstall') }}
                   </Button>
                 </div>
               </div>
             </div>
           </div>
           <div v-else class="p-4 text-center text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
-            暂无已安装版本
+            {{ t('settings.env.noInstalled') }}
           </div>
         </template>
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
                     <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100">{{ version.version }}</span>
                     <span v-if="version.is_installed"
                           class="px-2 py-0.5 text-xs font-medium bg-green-100 dark:bg-green-900 text-green-800 dark:text-green-200 rounded">
-                      已安装
+                      {{ t('settings.env.installed') }}
                     </span>
                   </div>
                   <div class="flex items-center space-x-3 mt-1 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@
                         :icon="Download"
                         :disabled="isDownloading"
                         @click="handleDownload(version.version)">
-                  下载
+                  {{ t('settings.env.download') }}
                 </Button>
               </div>
             </div>
@@ -156,6 +156,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, ref } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { AlertCircle, CheckCircle, Download, Folder, Trash2 } from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import { useEnvironmentManager } from '../../composables/useEnvironmentManager'
 import Label from '../../ui/Label.vue'
@@ -173,6 +174,8 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
   'select-directory': []
 }>()
 
+const { t } = useI18n()
+
 const {
   environmentInfo,
   downloadProgress,
@@ -186,8 +189,8 @@ const {
 
 const activeVersionTab = ref('installed')
 const versionTabs = computed(() => [
-  { key: 'installed', label: '已安装版本' },
-  { key: 'available', label: '可用版本', disabled: !!environmentInfo.value?.error }
+  { key: 'installed', label: t('settings.env.installedTab') },
+  { key: 'available', label: t('settings.env.availableTab'), disabled: !!environmentInfo.value?.error }
 ])
 
 // 下载状态文本
@@ -198,15 +201,15 @@ const downloadStatusText = computed(() => {
 
   switch (downloadProgress.value.status) {
     case 'downloading':
-      return `正在下载 ${downloadProgress.value.version}`
+      return t('settings.env.downloading', { v: downloadProgress.value.version })
     case 'extracting':
-      return `正在解压 ${downloadProgress.value.version}`
+      return t('settings.env.extracting', { v: downloadProgress.value.version })
     case 'installing':
-      return `正在安装 ${downloadProgress.value.version}`
+      return t('settings.env.installing', { v: downloadProgress.value.version })
     case 'completed':
-      return `安装完成 ${downloadProgress.value.version}`
+      return t('settings.env.completed', { v: downloadProgress.value.version })
     case 'failed':
-      return `安装失败 ${downloadProgress.value.version}`
+      return t('settings.env.failed', { v: downloadProgress.value.version })
     default:
       return ''
   }
diff --git a/src/components/setting/General.vue b/src/components/setting/General.vue
index f05da51..7129de5 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/General.vue
+++ b/src/components/setting/General.vue
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ import { invoke } from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { useToast } from '../../plugins/toast'
 import { useTheme, type AppTheme } from '../../composables/useTheme'
-import { SUPPORTED_LOCALES, setLocale, getLocale } from '../../i18n'
+import { availableLocales, setLocale, getLocale } from '../../i18n'
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
   'settings-changed': [type: string, value: any]
@@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ const {t} = useI18n()
 const toast = useToast()
 const {setTheme} = useTheme()
 
-// 界面语言
+// 界面语言（含用户新增的自定义语言包）
 const locale = ref(getLocale())
-const localeOptions = SUPPORTED_LOCALES
+const localeOptions = availableLocales
 const onLocaleChange = () => setLocale(locale.value)
 
 // 外观主题
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ const onThemeChange = async () => {
     await invoke('update_app_config', {config})
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('保存主题失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('settings.general.saveThemeFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ const saveBehaviorConfig = async () => {
   }
   catch (error) {
     console.error('保存运行配置失败:', error)
-    toast.error('保存配置失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('settings.general.saveConfigFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -211,13 +211,13 @@ const saveGithubConfig = async () => {
 
     originalGithubToken.value = githubToken.value
 
-    toast.success('GitHub 配置已保存')
+    toast.success(t('settings.general.githubSaved'))
     emit('settings-changed', 'github', config.github)
   }
   catch (error) {
     console.error('保存 GitHub 配置失败:', error)
-    toast.error('保存 GitHub 配置失败: ' + error)
-    emit('error', '保存 GitHub 配置失败')
+    toast.error(t('settings.general.saveGithubFailed') + error)
+    emit('error', t('settings.general.saveGithubFailed'))
   }
   finally {
     isSavingGithub.value = false
diff --git a/src/components/setting/I18n.vue b/src/components/setting/I18n.vue
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14b4c1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/components/setting/I18n.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+<template>
+  <div class="space-y-4">
+    <p class="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{{ t('settings.i18n.desc') }}</p>
+
+    <!-- 编辑视图 -->
+    <div v-if="editingCode" class="space-y-3">
+      <div class="flex items-center gap-2">
+        <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">{{ editingCode }}</span>
+        <Input v-model="editName" class="w-48" :placeholder="t('settings.i18n.name')"/>
+        <span class="text-[10px] px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded uppercase font-semibold"
+              :class="builtinEditing ? 'bg-blue-100 dark:bg-blue-900/40 text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-300' : 'bg-emerald-100 dark:bg-emerald-900/40 text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-300'">
+          {{ builtinEditing ? t('settings.i18n.builtin') : t('settings.i18n.custom') }}
+        </span>
+      </div>
+      <div>
+        <div class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 mb-1">{{ t('settings.i18n.messages') }}</div>
+        <textarea v-model="editJson"
+                  rows="18"
+                  spellcheck="false"
+                  class="w-full text-xs font-mono border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-900 rounded px-2 py-1.5 focus:outline-none focus:border-blue-500 resize-y"/>
+      </div>
+      <div class="flex items-center gap-2">
+        <Button size="sm" @click="save">{{ t('settings.i18n.save') }}</Button>
+        <Button v-if="builtinEditing" size="sm" type="secondary" @click="reset">{{ t('settings.i18n.resetBuiltin') }}</Button>
+        <Button size="sm" type="secondary" @click="editingCode = null">{{ t('settings.i18n.cancel') }}</Button>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <!-- 列表视图 -->
+    <template v-else>
+      <div class="border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 rounded-lg divide-y divide-gray-100 dark:divide-gray-700 overflow-hidden">
+        <div v-for="l in availableLocales" :key="l.value" class="flex items-center gap-3 px-3 py-2">
+          <span class="text-[10px] px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded uppercase font-semibold flex-shrink-0"
+                :class="l.builtin ? 'bg-blue-100 dark:bg-blue-900/40 text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-300' : 'bg-emerald-100 dark:bg-emerald-900/40 text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-300'">
+            {{ l.builtin ? t('settings.i18n.builtin') : t('settings.i18n.custom') }}
+          </span>
+          <div class="flex-1 min-w-0">
+            <span class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100">{{ l.label }}</span>
+            <span class="ml-2 text-xs text-gray-400">{{ l.value }}</span>
+          </div>
+          <button class="text-xs text-blue-500 hover:underline cursor-pointer" @click="startEdit(l.value)">{{ t('settings.i18n.edit') }}</button>
+          <button v-if="!l.builtin" class="text-xs text-red-500 hover:underline cursor-pointer" @click="remove(l.value)">{{ t('settings.i18n.delete') }}</button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <!-- 新增语言 -->
+      <div class="border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 rounded-lg p-4 space-y-3">
+        <div class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200">{{ t('settings.i18n.addLocale') }}</div>
+        <div class="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-4 gap-y-3">
+          <Label :label="t('settings.i18n.code')">
+            <Input v-model="newCode" :placeholder="t('settings.i18n.codePlaceholder')"/>
+          </Label>
+          <Label :label="t('settings.i18n.name')">
+            <Input v-model="newName" :placeholder="t('settings.i18n.namePlaceholder')"/>
+          </Label>
+          <Label :label="t('settings.i18n.basedOn')" custom-class="col-span-2">
+            <Select v-model="newBase" :options="baseOptions" class="w-full" :button-classes="['!py-1.5', 'text-sm', 'w-full']"/>
+          </Label>
+        </div>
+        <Button size="sm" @click="createNew">{{ t('settings.i18n.create') }}</Button>
+      </div>
+    </template>
+  </div>
+</template>
+
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import {computed, ref} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
+import Button from '../../ui/Button.vue'
+import Input from '../../ui/Input.vue'
+import Select from '../../ui/Select.vue'
+import Label from '../../ui/Label.vue'
+import {useToast} from '../../plugins/toast'
+import {
+  availableLocales, isBuiltinLocale, getLocaleMessages, getBuiltinMessages,
+  saveLocale, deleteLocale, resetBuiltin
+} from '../../i18n'
+
+const {t} = useI18n()
+const toast = useToast()
+
+const editingCode = ref<string | null>(null)
+const editName = ref('')
+const editJson = ref('')
+const builtinEditing = computed(() => editingCode.value ? isBuiltinLocale(editingCode.value) : false)
+
+const newCode = ref('')
+const newName = ref('')
+const newBase = ref('zh-CN')
+const baseOptions = computed(() => availableLocales.value.map(l => ({value: l.value, label: l.label})))
+
+const startEdit = (code: string) => {
+  editingCode.value = code
+  editName.value = availableLocales.value.find(l => l.value === code)?.label || code
+  editJson.value = JSON.stringify(getLocaleMessages(code), null, 2)
+}
+
+const save = () => {
+  let parsed: Record<string, any>
+  try {
+    parsed = JSON.parse(editJson.value)
+  }
+  catch {
+    toast.error(t('settings.i18n.invalidJson'))
+    return
+  }
+  saveLocale(editingCode.value!, editName.value.trim() || editingCode.value!, parsed)
+  toast.success(t('settings.i18n.saved'))
+  editingCode.value = null
+}
+
+const reset = () => {
+  if (!editingCode.value) {
+    return
+  }
+  resetBuiltin(editingCode.value)
+  toast.success(t('settings.i18n.resetDone'))
+  editingCode.value = null
+}
+
+const remove = (code: string) => {
+  deleteLocale(code)
+  toast.success(t('settings.i18n.deleted'))
+}
+
+const createNew = () => {
+  const code = newCode.value.trim()
+  const name = newName.value.trim()
+  if (!code || !name) {
+    toast.error(t('settings.i18n.codeRequired'))
+    return
+  }
+  if (availableLocales.value.some(l => l.value === code)) {
+    toast.error(t('settings.i18n.codeExists'))
+    return
+  }
+  // 以所选语言的现有文案为模板
+  const base = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(getLocaleMessages(newBase.value) || getBuiltinMessages('zh-CN')))
+  saveLocale(code, name, base)
+  newCode.value = ''
+  newName.value = ''
+  startEdit(code)
+}
+</script>
diff --git a/src/components/setting/Language.vue b/src/components/setting/Language.vue
index f75d7f5..7f52871 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/Language.vue
+++ b/src/components/setting/Language.vue
@@ -16,23 +16,23 @@
                  clearable
                  size="sm"
                  class="flex-1"
-                 placeholder="筛选语言"/>
+                 :placeholder="t('settings.language.filter')"/>
           <Button @click="showAddCustomLanguage = true"
                   size="sm"
                   :icon="Plus"
                   :icon-only="true"
-                  title="添加自定义语言"/>
+                  :title="t('settings.language.addCustom')"/>
         </div>
 
         <!-- 无搜索结果提示 -->
         <div v-if="languageFilter.trim() && filteredPluginData.length === 0"
              class="mt-3 px-3 py-4 text-center rounded-lg bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800">
           <Search class="w-6 h-6 mx-auto text-gray-400"/>
-          <p class="mt-2 text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">未找到匹配的语言</p>
+          <p class="mt-2 text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{{ t('settings.language.noMatch') }}</p>
           <p class="mt-1 text-xs text-gray-400">
-            没有你需要的语言？
+            {{ t('settings.language.noLangQ') }}
             <button class="text-blue-500 hover:text-blue-600 hover:underline cursor-pointer" @click="openIssues">
-              提交 Issue 反馈
+              {{ t('settings.language.submitIssue') }}
             </button>
           </p>
         </div>
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
       <template #[activePlugin]="{ tab }">
         <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mb-4 flex items-center space-x-2">
           <img v-if="tab.svgUrl" :src="tab.svgUrl" class="w-6 h-6" :alt="tab.label"/>
-          <span>{{ `语言 [ ${tab.label} ] 配置` }}</span>
+          <span>{{ t('settings.language.configTitle', { label: tab.label }) }}</span>
         </h3>
 
         <Tabs v-model="activeTab"
@@ -69,34 +69,34 @@
               :nav-class="['w-full', 'justify-center']">
           <template #general>
             <div class="space-y-4">
-              <Label label="启用插件">
+              <Label :label="t('settings.language.enablePlugin')">
                 <Switch v-model="pluginConfig.enabled"/>
               </Label>
 
-              <Label label="编译前执行的命令">
-                <Input v-model="pluginConfig.before_compile" class="w-full" placeholder="编译前执行的命令"/>
+              <Label :label="t('settings.language.beforeCompile')">
+                <Input v-model="pluginConfig.before_compile" class="w-full" :placeholder="t('settings.language.beforeCompile')"/>
               </Label>
 
-              <Label label="执行的命令">
-                <Input v-model="pluginConfig.run_command" class="w-full" placeholder="执行的命令"/>
+              <Label :label="t('settings.language.runCommand')">
+                <Input v-model="pluginConfig.run_command" class="w-full" :placeholder="t('settings.language.runCommand')"/>
                 <div class="flex flex-col mx-2 mt-2 space-y-1.5">
                   <div class="flex text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 ml-1 space-x-4">
                     <div class="font-bold">$filename</div>
-                    <div>执行的源文件或临时生成的文件</div>
+                    <div>{{ t('settings.language.filenameDesc') }}</div>
                   </div>
                   <div class="flex text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 ml-1 space-x-4">
                     <div class="font-bold">$classname</div>
-                    <div>执行的类名,如果没有则为空</div>
+                    <div>{{ t('settings.language.classnameDesc') }}</div>
                   </div>
                 </div>
               </Label>
 
-              <Label label="编译完成后执行的命令">
-                <Input v-model="pluginConfig.after_compile" class="w-full" placeholder="编译完成后执行的命令"/>
+              <Label :label="t('settings.language.afterCompile')">
+                <Input v-model="pluginConfig.after_compile" class="w-full" :placeholder="t('settings.language.afterCompile')"/>
               </Label>
 
-              <Label label="文件后缀名">
-                <Input v-model="pluginConfig.extension" class="w-full" placeholder="输入文件后缀名"/>
+              <Label :label="t('settings.language.extension')">
+                <Input v-model="pluginConfig.extension" class="w-full" :placeholder="t('settings.language.extensionPlaceholder')"/>
               </Label>
             </div>
           </template>
@@ -116,19 +116,19 @@
                           :extensions="currentExtensions"
                           class="flex-1 border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md overflow-hidden"/>
               <div v-else class="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center h-64 border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md">
-                <div class="text-gray-500">加载编辑器中...</div>
+                <div class="text-gray-500">{{ t('settings.language.loadingEditor') }}</div>
               </div>
             </div>
           </template>
 
           <template #advanced>
             <div class="space-y-4">
-              <Label label="超时时间(秒)">
-                <Number v-model="pluginConfig.timeout" class="w-1/4" placeholder="超时时间(秒)，默认 30 秒"/>
+              <Label :label="t('settings.language.timeout')">
+                <Number v-model="pluginConfig.timeout" class="w-1/4" :placeholder="t('settings.language.timeoutPlaceholder')"/>
               </Label>
 
-              <Label label="输出类型">
-                <Select v-model="pluginConfig.console_type" placeholder="请选择输出类型" class="w-1/3" :options="consoleTypes"></Select>
+              <Label :label="t('settings.language.consoleType')">
+                <Select v-model="pluginConfig.console_type" :placeholder="t('settings.language.consoleTypePlaceholder')" class="w-1/3" :options="consoleTypes"></Select>
               </Label>
             </div>
           </template>
@@ -136,38 +136,38 @@
       </template>
     </Tabs>
 
-    <Modal v-model:show="showAddCustomLanguage" :close-on-backdrop="false" :close-on-esc="false" title="添加自定义语言">
+    <Modal v-model:show="showAddCustomLanguage" :close-on-backdrop="false" :close-on-esc="false" :title="t('settings.language.addModalTitle')">
       <div class="space-y-4">
-        <Label label="语言标识">
-          <Input v-model="newLanguage.language" class="w-full" placeholder="例如: dart, perl"/>
+        <Label :label="t('settings.language.langId')">
+          <Input v-model="newLanguage.language" class="w-full" :placeholder="t('settings.language.langIdPlaceholder')"/>
         </Label>
-        <Label label="语言名称">
-          <Input v-model="newLanguageName" class="w-full" placeholder="例如: Dart, Perl"/>
+        <Label :label="t('settings.language.langName')">
+          <Input v-model="newLanguageName" class="w-full" :placeholder="t('settings.language.langNamePlaceholder')"/>
         </Label>
-        <Label label="文件扩展名">
-          <Input v-model="newLanguage.extension" class="w-full" placeholder="例如: dart, pl, sh"/>
+        <Label :label="t('settings.language.extension')">
+          <Input v-model="newLanguage.extension" class="w-full" :placeholder="t('settings.language.extPlaceholder')"/>
         </Label>
-        <Label label="语言图标">
+        <Label :label="t('settings.language.langIcon')">
           <div class="flex items-center space-x-2">
-            <Button @click="selectIconFile" variant="outline" size="sm">选择图标文件</Button>
+            <Button @click="selectIconFile" variant="outline" size="sm">{{ t('settings.language.selectIcon') }}</Button>
             <span v-if="selectedIconFile" class="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{{ selectedIconFile.name }}</span>
           </div>
         </Label>
         <div class="flex justify-end space-x-2">
-          <Button @click="showAddCustomLanguage = false" type="secondary" size="sm">取消</Button>
-          <Button @click="addCustomLanguage" size="sm">添加</Button>
+          <Button @click="showAddCustomLanguage = false" type="secondary" size="sm">{{ t('settings.language.cancel') }}</Button>
+          <Button @click="addCustomLanguage" size="sm">{{ t('settings.language.add') }}</Button>
         </div>
       </div>
     </Modal>
 
-    <Modal v-model:show="showDeleteConfirm" title="确认删除" size="sm">
+    <Modal v-model:show="showDeleteConfirm" :title="t('settings.language.confirmDeleteTitle')" size="sm">
       <div class="space-y-4">
         <p class="text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">
-          确定要删除自定义语言 <strong>{{ languageToDelete }}</strong> 吗？
+          {{ t('settings.language.confirmDeletePre') }}<strong>{{ languageToDelete }}</strong>{{ t('settings.language.confirmDeletePost') }}
         </p>
         <div class="flex justify-end space-x-2">
-          <Button @click="showDeleteConfirm = false" type="secondary" size="sm">取消</Button>
-          <Button @click="deleteCustomLanguage" size="sm" class="bg-red-500 hover:bg-red-600 text-white">删除</Button>
+          <Button @click="showDeleteConfirm = false" type="secondary" size="sm">{{ t('settings.language.cancel') }}</Button>
+          <Button @click="deleteCustomLanguage" size="sm" class="bg-red-500 hover:bg-red-600 text-white">{{ t('settings.language.delete') }}</Button>
         </div>
       </div>
     </Modal>
@@ -194,12 +194,14 @@ import Select from "../../ui/Select.vue";
 import Switch from '../../ui/Switch.vue'
 import EnvironmentManager from './EnvironmentManager.vue'
 import { useToast } from '../../plugins/toast'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
   'settings-changed': [config: PluginConfig]
   'error': [message: string]
 }>()
 
+const { t } = useI18n()
 const toast = useToast()
 const languageFilter = ref('')
 const showAddCustomLanguage = ref(false)
@@ -257,7 +259,7 @@ const openIssues = async () => {
     await openUrl('https://github.com/devlive-community/codeforge/issues')
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('打开链接失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('settings.language.openLinkFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -266,7 +268,7 @@ const selectIconFile = async () => {
     const selected = await openDialog({
       multiple: false,
       filters: [{
-        name: '图片文件',
+        name: t('settings.language.imageFileName'),
         extensions: ['svg', 'png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'gif', 'webp']
       }]
     })
@@ -279,7 +281,7 @@ const selectIconFile = async () => {
     }
   }
   catch (error) {
-    toast.error('选择文件失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('settings.language.selectFileFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -298,12 +300,12 @@ const deleteCustomLanguage = async () => {
 
   try {
     await invoke('remove_custom_plugin', { language })
-    toast.success('自定义语言已删除')
+    toast.success(t('settings.language.customDeleted'))
     await reloadLanguages()
     await loadCustomLanguages()
   }
   catch (error: any) {
-    toast.error('删除失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('settings.language.deleteFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -313,18 +315,18 @@ const loadCustomLanguages = async () => {
     customLanguages.value = plugins.map(p => p.language)
   }
   catch (error) {
-    console.error('加载自定义语言列表失败:', error)
+    console.error('load custom languages failed:', error)
   }
 }
 
 const addCustomLanguage = async () => {
   if (!newLanguage.value.language || !newLanguageName.value) {
-    toast.error('请填写语言标识和语言名称')
+    toast.error(t('settings.language.needIdName'))
     return
   }
 
   if (!newLanguage.value.extension) {
-    toast.error('请填写文件扩展名')
+    toast.error(t('settings.language.needExt'))
     return
   }
 
@@ -344,7 +346,7 @@ const addCustomLanguage = async () => {
     }
 
     await invoke('add_custom_plugin', { config: newLanguage.value })
-    toast.success('自定义语言添加成功')
+    toast.success(t('settings.language.addSuccess'))
     showAddCustomLanguage.value = false
 
     newLanguage.value = {
@@ -367,7 +369,7 @@ const addCustomLanguage = async () => {
     await loadCustomLanguages()
   }
   catch (error: any) {
-    toast.error('添加失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('settings.language.addFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/components/setting/Logs.vue b/src/components/setting/Logs.vue
index 0da3e96..86249cf 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/Logs.vue
+++ b/src/components/setting/Logs.vue
@@ -4,21 +4,21 @@
     <div class="mb-6">
       <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mb-4 flex items-center">
         <FileText class="w-5 h-5 mr-2"/>
-        日志设置
+        {{ t('settings.logs.title') }}
       </h3>
 
       <div class="space-y-4">
-        <Label label="当前日志目录">
+        <Label :label="t('settings.logs.currentDir')">
           <div class="bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-700 rounded-lg p-3 text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 font-mono">
-            {{ currentLogDir || '加载中...' }}
+            {{ currentLogDir || t('settings.logs.loading') }}
           </div>
         </Label>
 
-        <Label label="选择新的日志目录">
+        <Label :label="t('settings.logs.selectDir')">
           <div class="flex gap-2">
             <input v-model="newLogDir"
                    type="text"
-                   placeholder="选择或输入日志目录路径"
+                   :placeholder="t('settings.logs.dirPlaceholder')"
                    class="flex-1 px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-gray-700 text-gray-900 dark:text-white focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 focus:border-transparent text-sm"
                    readonly/>
 
@@ -35,18 +35,18 @@
           <Button @click="applyLogDirChange"
                   :disabled="!newLogDir || newLogDir === currentLogDir"
                   type="secondary">
-            应用更改
+            {{ t('settings.logs.apply') }}
           </Button>
           <Button @click="openLogDirectory" type="secondary">
-            打开日志目录
+            {{ t('settings.logs.openDir') }}
           </Button>
           <Button @click="resetLogDirectory"
                   class="cursor-pointer px-4 py-2 bg-orange-500 hover:bg-orange-600 text-white text-sm font-medium rounded-md transition-colors">
-            重置为默认
+            {{ t('settings.logs.resetDefault') }}
           </Button>
         </div>
 
-        <Label v-if="logFiles.length > 0" label="最近的日志文件">
+        <Label v-if="logFiles.length > 0" :label="t('settings.logs.recentFiles')">
           <div class="bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-700 rounded-lg p-3 max-h-32 overflow-y-auto">
             <div v-for="file in logFiles.slice(0, 5)" :key="file"
                  class="text-sm text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 font-mono py-1 hover:text-blue-600 dark:hover:text-blue-400 cursor-pointer"
@@ -62,19 +62,19 @@
     <div class="mb-6">
       <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mb-4 flex items-center">
         <Settings2 class="w-5 h-5 mr-2"/>
-        日志管理
+        {{ t('settings.logs.mgmtTitle') }}
       </h3>
 
       <div class="space-y-4">
-        <Label label="清理日志">
+        <Label :label="t('settings.logs.cleanup')">
           <div class="flex items-center gap-3">
             <Select v-model="keepDays"
                     class="w-36"
                     :options="keepDaysOptions"
-                    placeholder="选择保留天数">
+                    :placeholder="t('settings.logs.keepDaysPlaceholder')">
             </Select>
             <Button type="danger" @click="clearLogs">
-              立即清理
+              {{ t('settings.logs.clearNow') }}
             </Button>
           </div>
         </Label>
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { onMounted } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { FileText, Folder, Settings2 } from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import Select from '../../ui/Select.vue'
 import Button from '../../ui/Button.vue'
@@ -97,6 +98,8 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
   'error': [message: string]
 }>()
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
+
 const {
   currentLogDir,
   newLogDir,
diff --git a/src/components/setting/Lsp.vue b/src/components/setting/Lsp.vue
index 1fcf7ee..dde6962 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/Lsp.vue
+++ b/src/components/setting/Lsp.vue
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
   <div class="space-y-4">
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
       <div>
-        <h3 class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100">语言服务（LSP）</h3>
-        <p class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-0.5">安装后可获得精准补全、悬浮文档、跳转定义、查找引用、重命名与实时诊断</p>
+        <h3 class="text-sm font-medium text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100">{{ t('settings.lsp.title') }}</h3>
+        <p class="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-0.5">{{ t('settings.lsp.desc') }}</p>
       </div>
       <button class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1 text-xs rounded border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 cursor-pointer" @click="reload">
-        <RefreshCw class="w-3.5 h-3.5" :class="loading ? 'animate-spin' : ''"/>重新检测
+        <RefreshCw class="w-3.5 h-3.5" :class="loading ? 'animate-spin' : ''"/>{{ t('settings.lsp.recheck') }}
       </button>
     </div>
 
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@
             <div class="text-sm text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100">{{ s.label }}</div>
             <code class="text-[11px] text-gray-400">{{ s.install }}</code>
           </div>
-          <span v-if="s.installed" class="text-xs text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-400 flex-shrink-0">已安装</span>
+          <span v-if="s.installed" class="text-xs text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-400 flex-shrink-0">{{ t('settings.lsp.installed') }}</span>
           <button v-else class="px-2.5 py-1 text-xs rounded bg-blue-500 text-white hover:bg-blue-600 disabled:opacity-50 cursor-pointer flex-shrink-0"
                   :disabled="installing === s.id" @click="install(s)">
             <RefreshCw v-if="installing === s.id" class="w-3 h-3 animate-spin inline"/>
-            {{ installing === s.id ? '安装中…' : '安装' }}
+            {{ installing === s.id ? t('settings.lsp.installing') : t('settings.lsp.install') }}
           </button>
         </div>
         <!-- 安装日志 -->
@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@
     </div>
 
     <p class="text-[11px] text-gray-400 leading-relaxed">
-      自动安装依赖本机已具备对应工具链：npm（pyright / typescript / intelephense / vscode-langservers-extracted）、rustup（rust-analyzer）、go（gopls）、Homebrew（clangd / lua-language-server）、gem（solargraph）。
-      若安装失败，可按上方命令手动安装后点「重新检测」。安装完成后请重启应用以加载新服务器。
+      {{ t('settings.lsp.note') }}
     </p>
   </div>
 </template>
@@ -42,6 +41,9 @@ import {onMounted, onUnmounted, ref} from 'vue'
 import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {listen, type UnlistenFn} from '@tauri-apps/api/event'
 import {RefreshCw} from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
+
+const {t} = useI18n()
 
 interface ServerInfo { id: string; label: string; program: string; installed: boolean; install: string }
 
@@ -66,12 +68,12 @@ const reload = async () => {
 
 const install = async (s: ServerInfo) => {
   installing.value = s.id
-  logs.value = {...logs.value, [s.id]: '开始安装…\n'}
+  logs.value = {...logs.value, [s.id]: t('settings.lsp.startInstall') + '\n'}
   try {
     await invoke('lsp_install', {id: s.id})
   }
   catch (e: any) {
-    logs.value = {...logs.value, [s.id]: (logs.value[s.id] || '') + '启动安装失败：' + String(e?.message || e) + '\n'}
+    logs.value = {...logs.value, [s.id]: (logs.value[s.id] || '') + t('settings.lsp.startInstallFailed') + String(e?.message || e) + '\n'}
     installing.value = ''
   }
 }
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ onMounted(async () => {
   }))
   unlisten.push(await listen<[string, boolean]>('lsp:install-done', async (e) => {
     const [id, success] = e.payload
-    logs.value = {...logs.value, [id]: (logs.value[id] || '') + (success ? '\n✓ 安装完成' : '\n✗ 安装失败') + '\n'}
+    logs.value = {...logs.value, [id]: (logs.value[id] || '') + (success ? '\n' + t('settings.lsp.installDone') : '\n' + t('settings.lsp.installFailed')) + '\n'}
     installing.value = ''
     await reload()
   }))
diff --git a/src/components/setting/Network.vue b/src/components/setting/Network.vue
index 3ee4148..4379269 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/Network.vue
+++ b/src/components/setting/Network.vue
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ const loadCdnConfig = async () => {
   }
   catch (error) {
     console.error('加载 CDN 配置失败:', error)
-    toast.error('加载 CDN 配置失败: ' + error)
+    toast.error(t('settings.network.loadFailed') + error)
   }
 }
 
@@ -172,13 +172,13 @@ const saveCdnConfig = async () => {
     originalBaseUrl.value = cdnBaseUrl.value
     originalFallbackEnabled.value = fallbackEnabled.value
 
-    toast.success('CDN 配置已保存')
+    toast.success(t('settings.network.saved'))
     emit('settings-changed', 'cdn', config.environment_mirror)
   }
   catch (error) {
     console.error('保存 CDN 配置失败:', error)
-    toast.error('保存 CDN 配置失败: ' + error)
-    emit('error', '保存 CDN 配置失败')
+    toast.error(t('settings.network.saveFailed') + error)
+    emit('error', t('settings.network.saveFailed'))
   }
   finally {
     isSaving.value = false
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ const resetCdnConfig = async () => {
 // 测试连接
 const testCdnConnection = async () => {
   if (!cdnBaseUrl.value) {
-    toast.error('请先输入 CDN 基础 URL')
+    toast.error(t('settings.network.needBaseUrl'))
     return
   }
 
@@ -208,11 +208,11 @@ const testCdnConnection = async () => {
       mode: 'no-cors'
     })
 
-    toast.success('CDN 连接测试成功')
+    toast.success(t('settings.network.testSuccess'))
   }
   catch (error) {
     console.error('CDN 连接测试失败:', error)
-    toast.warning('无法直接测试 CDN 连接，但这可能是正常的（CORS 限制）。请尝试下载环境包以验证 CDN 是否正常工作。')
+    toast.warning(t('settings.network.testWarn'))
   }
   finally {
     isTesting.value = false
diff --git a/src/components/setting/Shortcut.vue b/src/components/setting/Shortcut.vue
index 2324102..88469ab 100644
--- a/src/components/setting/Shortcut.vue
+++ b/src/components/setting/Shortcut.vue
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
     <div class="flex items-center justify-between mb-4">
       <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white flex items-center">
         <Keyboard class="w-5 h-5 mr-2"/>
-        快捷键
+        {{ t('settings.nav.shortcut') }}
       </h3>
-      <Button type="secondary" size="sm" @click="resetAll">全部重置</Button>
+      <Button type="secondary" size="sm" @click="resetAll">{{ t('settings.shortcut.resetAll') }}</Button>
     </div>
 
     <div class="space-y-1">
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
         <div class="flex items-center space-x-2">
           <span v-if="recordingId === action.id"
                 class="text-xs text-blue-600 px-2 py-1 rounded border border-blue-300 border-dashed">
-            按下快捷键…
+            {{ t('settings.shortcut.press') }}
           </span>
           <kbd v-else
                class="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 font-mono min-w-[2rem] text-center">
@@ -26,26 +26,28 @@
 
           <button class="text-xs text-blue-500 hover:text-blue-600 cursor-pointer"
                   @click="startRecording(action.id)">
-            {{ recordingId === action.id ? '取消' : '修改' }}
+            {{ recordingId === action.id ? t('settings.shortcut.cancel') : t('settings.shortcut.edit') }}
           </button>
           <button class="text-xs text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 cursor-pointer"
                   @click="resetBinding(action.id)">
-            重置
+            {{ t('settings.shortcut.reset') }}
           </button>
         </div>
       </div>
     </div>
 
-    <p class="mt-4 text-xs text-gray-400">提示：修改后关闭设置即生效。</p>
+    <p class="mt-4 text-xs text-gray-400">{{ t('settings.shortcut.hint') }}</p>
   </div>
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import {onMounted, onUnmounted, ref} from 'vue'
+import {useI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
 import {Keyboard} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import Button from '../../ui/Button.vue'
 import {comboFromEvent, formatCombo, useShortcuts} from '../../composables/useShortcuts'
 
+const {t} = useI18n()
 const {actions, getBinding, setBinding, resetBinding, resetAll} = useShortcuts()
 
 const recordingId = ref<string | null>(null)
diff --git a/src/composables/useCodeExecution.ts b/src/composables/useCodeExecution.ts
index dc3bd70..0367470 100644
--- a/src/composables/useCodeExecution.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useCodeExecution.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 import { ref } from 'vue'
 import { invoke } from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import { ExecutionResult } from '../types/app.ts'
+import { i18n } from '../i18n'
+
+const t = (key: string, params?: Record<string, unknown>) => i18n.global.t(key, params ?? {})
 
 export function useCodeExecution(toast: any)
 {
@@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ export function useCodeExecution(toast: any)
     const runCode = async (options: RunOptions) => {
         const {language, envInstalled, envLanguage, filePath, args, stdin, env, codeOverride} = options
         if (!envInstalled) {
-            toast.error(`${ envLanguage } 环境未安装`)
+            toast.error(t('toast.envNotInstalled', {lang: envLanguage}))
             return
         }
 
@@ -72,15 +75,15 @@ export function useCodeExecution(toast: any)
             }
 
             if (result.success) {
-                toast.success(`代码执行成功，用时 ${ result.execution_time } 毫秒`)
+                toast.success(t('toast.runSuccess', {ms: result.execution_time}))
             }
             else {
-                toast.error('代码执行失败，查看输出的错误信息')
+                toast.error(t('toast.runFailCheckOutput'))
             }
         }
         catch (error) {
-            output.value = `代码执行失败: ${ error }`
-            toast.error('代码执行失败，请检查日志')
+            output.value = t('toast.outRunFailed') + error
+            toast.error(t('toast.runFailCheckLog'))
             isRunning.value = false
         }
     }
@@ -96,15 +99,15 @@ export function useCodeExecution(toast: any)
             })
 
             if (result) {
-                toast.info('正在停止代码执行...')
+                toast.info(t('toast.stopping'))
             }
             else {
-                toast.warning('没有找到正在运行的任务')
+                toast.warning(t('toast.noRunningTask'))
             }
         }
         catch (error) {
             console.error('Error stopping execution:', error)
-            toast.error('停止执行失败')
+            toast.error(t('toast.stopFailed'))
         }
     }
 
@@ -112,7 +115,7 @@ export function useCodeExecution(toast: any)
         output.value = ''
         realTimeOutput.value = ''
         realTimeStderr.value = ''
-        toast.info('输出已清空')
+        toast.info(t('toast.outputCleared'))
     }
 
     // 处理实时输出
@@ -159,8 +162,8 @@ export function useCodeExecution(toast: any)
     const handleExecutionStopped = (data: any) => {
         if (data.task_id === currentTaskId.value) {
             isRunning.value = false
-            output.value += '\n\n🛑 代码执行已被用户停止'
-            toast.warning('代码执行已停止')
+            output.value += '\n\n🛑 ' + t('toast.outStopped')
+            toast.warning(t('toast.runStopped'))
         }
     }
 
@@ -168,8 +171,8 @@ export function useCodeExecution(toast: any)
     const handleExecutionTimeout = (data: any) => {
         if (data.task_id === currentTaskId.value) {
             isRunning.value = false
-            output.value += '\n\n⚠️ 代码执行超时（30秒）'
-            toast.error('代码执行超时')
+            output.value += '\n\n⚠️ ' + t('toast.outTimeout')
+            toast.error(t('toast.runTimeout'))
         }
     }
 
@@ -177,8 +180,8 @@ export function useCodeExecution(toast: any)
     const handleExecutionError = (data: any) => {
         if (data.task_id === currentTaskId.value) {
             isRunning.value = false
-            output.value += `\n\n❌ 执行错误: ${ data.error }`
-            toast.error('代码执行出错')
+            output.value += `\n\n❌ ${t('toast.outError')}${ data.error }`
+            toast.error(t('toast.runError'))
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/composables/useCodeMirrorEditor.ts b/src/composables/useCodeMirrorEditor.ts
index de5c3eb..d9309cf 100644
--- a/src/composables/useCodeMirrorEditor.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useCodeMirrorEditor.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 import {nextTick, ref, shallowRef, watch} from 'vue'
 import {debounce} from 'lodash-es'
 import {useTheme} from './useTheme'
+import {i18n} from '../i18n'
+
+const tr = (key: string) => i18n.global.t(key)
 import {python} from '@codemirror/lang-python'
 import {javascript} from '@codemirror/lang-javascript'
 import {go} from '@codemirror/lang-go'
@@ -508,7 +511,7 @@ export function useCodeMirrorEditor(props: Props)
         }
         catch (error) {
             console.error('获取配置失败:', error)
-            toast.error('获取配置失败 - 错误信息: ' + error)
+            toast.error(tr('toast.getConfigFailed') + error)
             editorConfig.value = defaultConfig
             await updateExtensions()
         }
diff --git a/src/composables/useDbConnections.ts b/src/composables/useDbConnections.ts
index 840b33f..2d5b244 100644
--- a/src/composables/useDbConnections.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useDbConnections.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import {ref} from 'vue'
-import {kvGet, kvGetJSON, kvSet, kvSetJSON} from './useKvStore'
+import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
+import {kvGet, kvGetJSON, kvSet, kvRemove} from './useKvStore'
+import {i18n} from '../i18n'
 
 export interface DataSource
 {
@@ -18,42 +20,72 @@ export interface DbConnection extends DataSource
     name: string
 }
 
-const CONN_KEY = 'sql-connections'
+const LEGACY_CONN_KEY = 'sql-connections' // 旧版：连接存于 KV 的一个 JSON 数组（已迁移到独立表）
 const REF_KEY = 'sql-source-ref'
 
 const genId = () => `db-${Date.now()}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 6)}`
 
-// 模块级共享：连接列表 + 当前数据源引用（token：memory / conn:<id> / file:<path>）
-// 注意：不能在模块顶层读 KV——模块在 loadKvStore() 之前就被 import，缓存还是空的。
-// 改为首次调用 useDbConnections() 时（组件 setup 阶段，已在 loadKvStore 之后）再载入。
+// 模块级共享：连接列表（来自独立表 db_connections）+ 当前数据源引用（token）
 const connections = ref<DbConnection[]>([])
 const activeRef = ref<string>('memory')
-let loaded = false
+let loadedConnections = false
+let loadedRef = false
+
+// 启动时调用（须在 loadKvStore 之后）：从独立表载入连接；首次发现旧 KV 数据则迁移过来
+export const loadDbConnections = async () => {
+    loadedConnections = true
+    try {
+        const list = await invoke<DbConnection[]>('db_connections_list')
+        if (list.length === 0) {
+            const legacy = kvGetJSON<DbConnection[]>(LEGACY_CONN_KEY, [])
+            if (legacy.length) {
+                for (const c of legacy) {
+                    try {
+                        await invoke('db_connection_save', {c})
+                    }
+                    catch (e) {
+                        console.error('迁移连接失败:', e)
+                    }
+                }
+                kvRemove(LEGACY_CONN_KEY)
+                connections.value = legacy
+                return
+            }
+        }
+        connections.value = list
+    }
+    catch (e) {
+        console.error('载入数据库连接失败:', e)
+    }
+}
 
 export function useDbConnections()
 {
-    if (!loaded) {
-        loaded = true
-        connections.value = kvGetJSON<DbConnection[]>(CONN_KEY, [])
+    if (!loadedRef) {
+        loadedRef = true
         activeRef.value = kvGet(REF_KEY) || 'memory'
     }
-
-    const persist = () => kvSetJSON(CONN_KEY, connections.value)
+    // 兜底：若启动时未显式加载（如仅在某组件中首次用到），自动异步载入一次
+    if (!loadedConnections) {
+        loadDbConnections()
+    }
 
     const add = (c: Omit<DbConnection, 'id'>) => {
-        connections.value.push({...c, id: genId()})
-        persist()
+        const conn = {...c, id: genId()} as DbConnection
+        connections.value.push(conn)
+        invoke('db_connection_save', {c: conn}).catch(e => console.error('保存连接失败:', e))
     }
     const update = (id: string, patch: Partial<DbConnection>) => {
         const i = connections.value.findIndex(x => x.id === id)
         if (i >= 0) {
-            connections.value[i] = {...connections.value[i], ...patch}
-            persist()
+            const merged = {...connections.value[i], ...patch}
+            connections.value[i] = merged
+            invoke('db_connection_save', {c: merged}).catch(e => console.error('保存连接失败:', e))
         }
     }
     const remove = (id: string) => {
         connections.value = connections.value.filter(x => x.id !== id)
-        persist()
+        invoke('db_connection_delete', {id}).catch(e => console.error('删除连接失败:', e))
         if (activeRef.value === `conn:${id}`) {
             setActiveRef('memory')
         }
@@ -84,13 +116,13 @@ export function useDbConnections()
     const activeLabel = (): string => {
         const t = activeRef.value
         if (t.startsWith('conn:')) {
-            return connections.value.find(c => c.id === t.slice(5))?.name || '(已删除)'
+            return connections.value.find(c => c.id === t.slice(5))?.name || i18n.global.t('sql.deleted')
         }
         if (t.startsWith('file:')) {
             const p = t.slice(5)
             return p.split(/[\\/]/).pop() || p
         }
-        return '内存数据库'
+        return i18n.global.t('sql.memoryDb')
     }
 
     return {connections, activeRef, add, update, remove, setActiveRef, resolveActiveSource, activeLabel}
diff --git a/src/composables/useEditorConfig.ts b/src/composables/useEditorConfig.ts
index f7e2670..ba1b213 100644
--- a/src/composables/useEditorConfig.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useEditorConfig.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ import {debounce} from 'lodash-es'
 import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {useToast} from '../plugins/toast'
 import {EditorConfig} from '../types/app.ts'
+import {i18n} from '../i18n'
+
+const t = (key: string, params?: Record<string, unknown>) => i18n.global.t(key, params ?? {})
 
 interface ThemeOption
 {
@@ -77,7 +80,7 @@ export function useEditorConfig(emit?: any)
         }
         catch (error) {
             console.error('加载编辑器配置失败:', error)
-            toast.error('获取编辑器配置失败 - 错误信息: ' + error)
+            toast.error(t('toast.getEditorConfigFailed') + error)
             throw error
         }
     }
@@ -93,7 +96,7 @@ export function useEditorConfig(emit?: any)
             globalConfig.value.editor = {...updatedEditor}
             await invoke('update_app_config', {config: globalConfig.value})
 
-            toast.success('编辑器配置已保存')
+            toast.success(t('toast.editorConfigSaved'))
 
             // 发送事件（如果提供了 emit）
             if (emit) {
@@ -104,10 +107,10 @@ export function useEditorConfig(emit?: any)
         }
         catch (error) {
             console.error('保存编辑器配置失败:', error)
-            toast.error('保存编辑器配置失败 - 错误信息: ' + error)
+            toast.error(t('toast.saveEditorConfigFailed') + error)
 
             if (emit) {
-                emit('error', '保存编辑器配置失败')
+                emit('error', t('toast.saveEditorConfigFailed'))
             }
 
             throw error
@@ -173,12 +176,12 @@ export function useEditorConfig(emit?: any)
     // 验证配置
     const validateConfig = (config: EditorConfig): boolean => {
         if (config.tab_size && (config.tab_size < 1 || config.tab_size > 8)) {
-            toast.error('缩进空格数必须在 1-8 之间')
+            toast.error(t('toast.tabSizeRange'))
             return false
         }
 
         if (config.theme && !getThemeByValue(config.theme)) {
-            toast.error('选择的主题不存在')
+            toast.error(t('toast.themeNotExist'))
             return false
         }
 
diff --git a/src/composables/useFileManager.ts b/src/composables/useFileManager.ts
index 3c3ac1b..83ee0df 100644
--- a/src/composables/useFileManager.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useFileManager.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 import {computed, type Ref} from 'vue'
 import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {open as openFileDialog, save as saveFileDialog} from '@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog'
+import {i18n} from '../i18n'
+
+const t = (key: string, params?: Record<string, unknown>) => i18n.global.t(key, params ?? {})
 
 interface FileManagerOptions
 {
@@ -52,10 +55,10 @@ export function useFileManager(options: FileManagerOptions)
             currentFilePath.value = filePath
             savedContent.value = content
             onOpened?.(filePath, content)
-            toast.success(`已打开 ${currentFileName.value}`)
+            toast.success(t('toast.opened', {name: currentFileName.value}))
         }
         catch (error) {
-            toast.error('打开文件失败: ' + error)
+            toast.error(t('toast.openFileFailed') + error)
         }
     }
 
@@ -91,10 +94,10 @@ export function useFileManager(options: FileManagerOptions)
                 return
             }
             await writeToPath(path)
-            toast.success(`已保存到 ${currentFileName.value}`)
+            toast.success(t('toast.savedTo', {name: currentFileName.value}))
         }
         catch (error) {
-            toast.error('保存文件失败: ' + error)
+            toast.error(t('toast.saveFileFailed') + error)
         }
     }
 
@@ -106,10 +109,10 @@ export function useFileManager(options: FileManagerOptions)
         }
         try {
             await writeToPath(currentFilePath.value)
-            toast.success(`已保存 ${currentFileName.value}`)
+            toast.success(t('toast.saved', {name: currentFileName.value}))
         }
         catch (error) {
-            toast.error('保存文件失败: ' + error)
+            toast.error(t('toast.saveFileFailed') + error)
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/composables/useLanguageManager.ts b/src/composables/useLanguageManager.ts
index 59dee22..d19fe12 100644
--- a/src/composables/useLanguageManager.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useLanguageManager.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@ import {ref, type Ref, onMounted, onUnmounted} from 'vue'
 import {invoke, convertFileSrc} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {listen} from '@tauri-apps/api/event'
 import {EnvInfo, Language, LanguageInfo} from '../types/app.ts'
+import {i18n} from '../i18n'
+
+const t = (key: string, params?: Record<string, unknown>) => i18n.global.t(key, params ?? {})
 
 export function useLanguageManager(
     code: Ref<string>,
@@ -142,7 +145,7 @@ export function useLanguageManager(
             globalConfig.value = await invoke<any>('get_app_config')
         }
         catch (error) {
-            toast.error('获取配置失败 - 错误信息: ' + error)
+            toast.error(t('toast.getConfigFailed') + error)
         }
     }
 
@@ -184,7 +187,7 @@ export function useLanguageManager(
 
         refreshEnvInfo()
 
-        toast.info(`已切换到 ${getLanguageDisplayName(newLanguage)}`)
+        toast.info(t('toast.switchedTo', {name: getLanguageDisplayName(newLanguage)}))
     }
 
     // 仅切换语言（刷新环境信息），不改动编辑器内容——用于打开文件时按扩展名切语言
diff --git a/src/composables/useLanguageSettings.ts b/src/composables/useLanguageSettings.ts
index 9d4e2f5..6813a7c 100644
--- a/src/composables/useLanguageSettings.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useLanguageSettings.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ import {ContainerIcon, FileIcon, PickaxeIcon, Settings2} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import {usePluginConfig} from './usePluginConfig'
 import {useCodeMirrorEditor} from './useCodeMirrorEditor'
 import {useTheme} from './useTheme'
+import {i18n} from '../i18n'
+
+const t = (key: string) => i18n.global.t(key)
 
 export function useLanguageSettings(emit: any)
 {
@@ -10,30 +13,30 @@ export function useLanguageSettings(emit: any)
     const activeTab = ref('general')
     const pluginEnabledStates = ref<Record<string, boolean>>({})
 
-    const tabsData = [
+    const tabsData = computed(() => [
         {
             key: 'general',
-            label: '通用配置',
+            label: t('settings.language.tabGeneral'),
             icon: Settings2
         },
         {
             key: 'environment',
-            label: '环境配置',
+            label: t('settings.language.tabEnvironment'),
             icon: ContainerIcon
         },
         {
             key: 'template',
-            label: '模板配置',
+            label: t('settings.language.tabTemplate'),
             icon: FileIcon
         },
         {
             key: 'advanced',
-            label: '高级配置',
+            label: t('settings.language.tabAdvanced'),
             icon: PickaxeIcon
         }
-    ]
+    ])
 
-    const consoleTypes = [{label: '控制台', value: 'console'}, {label: 'Web', value: 'web'}, {label: 'JSON', value: 'json'}, {label: 'Markdown', value: 'markdown'}, {label: 'XML', value: 'xml'}, {label: 'YAML', value: 'yaml'}, {label: 'SQL 表格', value: 'sqltable'}, {label: '数据表/图表', value: 'table'}, {label: 'Excel 表/图表', value: 'xlsx'}]
+    const consoleTypes = computed(() => [{label: t('settings.language.ctConsole'), value: 'console'}, {label: 'Web', value: 'web'}, {label: 'JSON', value: 'json'}, {label: 'Markdown', value: 'markdown'}, {label: 'XML', value: 'xml'}, {label: 'YAML', value: 'yaml'}, {label: t('settings.language.ctSqlTable'), value: 'sqltable'}, {label: t('settings.language.ctTable'), value: 'table'}, {label: t('settings.language.ctXlsx'), value: 'xlsx'}])
 
     const {
         activePlugin,
diff --git a/src/composables/useLogCleanup.ts b/src/composables/useLogCleanup.ts
index 33b891a..6e7699b 100644
--- a/src/composables/useLogCleanup.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useLogCleanup.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
-import { ref } from 'vue'
+import { computed, ref } from 'vue'
 import { invoke } from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import { useToast } from '../plugins/toast'
+import { i18n } from '../i18n'
+
+const t = (key: string, params?: Record<string, unknown>) => i18n.global.t(key, params ?? {})
 
 export function useLogCleanup(emit: any, loadLogFiles: () => Promise<void>)
 {
@@ -8,24 +11,24 @@ export function useLogCleanup(emit: any, loadLogFiles: () => Promise<void>)
 
     const keepDays = ref(30)
 
-    const keepDaysOptions = [
-        { label: '保留 1 天', value: 1 },
-        { label: '保留 7 天', value: 7 },
-        { label: '保留 14 天', value: 14 },
-        { label: '保留 30 天', value: 30 },
-        { label: '保留 90 天', value: 90 }
-    ]
+    const keepDaysOptions = computed(() => [
+        { label: t('toast.keepDaysOption', { n: 1 }), value: 1 },
+        { label: t('toast.keepDaysOption', { n: 7 }), value: 7 },
+        { label: t('toast.keepDaysOption', { n: 14 }), value: 14 },
+        { label: t('toast.keepDaysOption', { n: 30 }), value: 30 },
+        { label: t('toast.keepDaysOption', { n: 90 }), value: 90 }
+    ])
 
     const clearLogs = async () => {
         try {
             await invoke('clear_logs', { keepDays: parseInt(keepDays.value.toString()) })
             await loadLogFiles()
-            toast.success(`已清理 ${ keepDays.value } 天前的日志`)
+            toast.success(t('toast.logsCleanedDays', { n: keepDays.value }))
             emit('settings-changed', 'logCleanup', keepDays.value)
         }
         catch (error) {
             console.error('Failed to clear old logs:', error)
-            const errorMessage = '清理日志失败, 错误信息: ' + error
+            const errorMessage = t('toast.logsCleanFailed') + error
             toast.error(errorMessage)
             emit('error', errorMessage)
         }
diff --git a/src/composables/useLogDirectory.ts b/src/composables/useLogDirectory.ts
index 6129542..44e276d 100644
--- a/src/composables/useLogDirectory.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useLogDirectory.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ import { open as openDialog } from '@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog'
 import { openPath } from '@tauri-apps/plugin-opener'
 import { join } from '@tauri-apps/api/path'
 import { useToast } from '../plugins/toast'
+import { i18n } from '../i18n'
+
+const t = (key: string) => i18n.global.t(key)
 
 export function useLogDirectory(emit: any)
 {
@@ -21,7 +24,7 @@ export function useLogDirectory(emit: any)
         }
         catch (error) {
             console.error('Failed to get current log directory:', error)
-            toast.error('获取日志目录失败 - 错误信息: ' + error)
+            toast.error(t('toast.getLogDirFailed') + error)
             emit('error', '获取日志目录失败')
         }
     }
@@ -59,7 +62,7 @@ export function useLogDirectory(emit: any)
             await invoke('set_log_directory', { path: newLogDir.value })
             currentLogDir.value = newLogDir.value
             await loadLogFiles()
-            toast.success('日志目录已更新')
+            toast.success(t('toast.logDirUpdated'))
             emit('settings-changed', 'logDirectory', newLogDir.value)
         }
         catch (error) {
@@ -85,7 +88,7 @@ export function useLogDirectory(emit: any)
             await invoke('reset_log_directory')
             await loadLogDirectory()
             await loadLogFiles()
-            toast.success('日志目录已重置为默认')
+            toast.success(t('toast.logDirReset'))
             emit('settings-changed', 'logDirectory', 'reset')
         }
         catch (error) {
@@ -103,7 +106,7 @@ export function useLogDirectory(emit: any)
         }
         catch (error) {
             console.error('Failed to open log file:', error)
-            toast.error('打开日志文件失败 - 错误信息: ' + error)
+            toast.error(t('toast.openLogFailed') + error)
             emit('error', '打开日志文件失败')
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/composables/usePluginConfig.ts b/src/composables/usePluginConfig.ts
index 47565db..8da6e3c 100644
--- a/src/composables/usePluginConfig.ts
+++ b/src/composables/usePluginConfig.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ import { debounce } from 'lodash-es'
 import { open as openDialog } from '@tauri-apps/plugin-dialog'
 import { useToast } from '../plugins/toast'
 import type PluginConfig from '../types/plugin'
+import { i18n } from '../i18n'
+
+const t = (key: string, params?: Record<string, unknown>) => i18n.global.t(key, params ?? {})
 
 interface Language
 {
@@ -73,7 +76,7 @@ export function usePluginConfig(emit?: any)
         }
         catch (error) {
             console.error('获取支持的语言失败:', error)
-            toast.error('获取支持的语言失败 - 错误信息: ' + error)
+            toast.error(t('toast.getLanguagesFailed') + error)
             tabsPluginData.value = []
         }
     }
@@ -89,7 +92,7 @@ export function usePluginConfig(emit?: any)
         }
         catch (error) {
             console.error('获取配置失败:', error)
-            toast.error('获取配置失败 - 错误信息: ' + error)
+            toast.error(t('toast.getConfigFailed') + error)
         }
     }
 
@@ -193,7 +196,7 @@ export function usePluginConfig(emit?: any)
                 (tab: any) => tab.key === updatedPlugin.language
             )?.label || updatedPlugin.language
 
-            toast.success(`${ pluginLabel } 配置已保存`)
+            toast.success(t('toast.pluginConfigSaved', {name: pluginLabel}))
 
             if (emit) {
                 emit('settings-changed', updatedPlugin)
@@ -203,7 +206,7 @@ export function usePluginConfig(emit?: any)
         }
         catch (error) {
             console.error('保存配置失败:', error)
-            toast.error('保存配置失败 - 错误信息: ' + error)
+            toast.error(t('toast.saveConfigFailed') + error)
 
             if (emit) {
                 emit('error', '保存配置失败')
@@ -261,17 +264,17 @@ export function usePluginConfig(emit?: any)
     // 验证插件配置
     const validatePluginConfig = (config: PluginConfig): boolean => {
         if (!config.language) {
-            toast.error('语言不能为空')
+            toast.error(t('toast.langRequired'))
             return false
         }
 
         if (!config.run_command) {
-            toast.error('执行命令不能为空')
+            toast.error(t('toast.runCmdRequired'))
             return false
         }
 
         if (config.timeout && (config.timeout < 1 || config.timeout > 300)) {
-            toast.error('超时时间必须在 1-300 秒之间')
+            toast.error(t('toast.timeoutRange'))
             return false
         }
 
diff --git a/src/composables/useSettings.ts b/src/composables/useSettings.ts
index 9ab8922..279bdd5 100644
--- a/src/composables/useSettings.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useSettings.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { computed, nextTick, ref } from 'vue'
-import { BracesIcon, CodeIcon, Cpu, Database, FileText, Globe, Keyboard, Server, ShieldIcon, Sparkles } from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import { BracesIcon, CodeIcon, Cpu, Database, FileText, Globe, Keyboard, Languages, Server, ShieldIcon, Sparkles } from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import { i18n } from '../i18n'
 
 export function useSettings(emit: any)
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ export function useSettings(emit: any)
         { key: 'lsp', label: t('settings.nav.lsp'), icon: Cpu },
         { key: 'network', label: t('settings.nav.network'), icon: Globe },
         { key: 'cache', label: t('settings.nav.cache'), icon: Database },
-        { key: 'logs', label: t('settings.nav.logs'), icon: FileText }
+        { key: 'logs', label: t('settings.nav.logs'), icon: FileText },
+        { key: 'i18n', label: t('settings.nav.i18n'), icon: Languages }
     ])
 
     const handleEditorSettingsChanged = (config: any) => {
diff --git a/src/composables/useShortcuts.ts b/src/composables/useShortcuts.ts
index d2411e3..5fc2a1f 100644
--- a/src/composables/useShortcuts.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useShortcuts.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import {computed, ref} from 'vue'
 import {kvGetJSON, kvSetJSON} from './useKvStore'
+import {i18n} from '../i18n'
 
 export interface ShortcutAction
 {
@@ -8,23 +9,24 @@ export interface ShortcutAction
     default: string
 }
 
-// 可自定义的快捷键动作及默认绑定（Mod = mac 上 ⌘，其他平台 Ctrl）
-export const SHORTCUT_ACTIONS: ShortcutAction[] = [
-    {id: 'run', label: '运行代码', default: 'Mod+Enter'},
-    {id: 'runSelection', label: '运行选中片段', default: 'Mod+Shift+Enter'},
-    {id: 'save', label: '保存文件', default: 'Mod+S'},
-    {id: 'saveAs', label: '另存为', default: 'Mod+Shift+S'},
-    {id: 'open', label: '打开文件', default: 'Mod+O'},
-    {id: 'quickOpen', label: '快速打开文件', default: 'Mod+P'},
-    {id: 'commandPalette', label: '命令面板', default: 'Mod+Shift+P'},
-    {id: 'gotoLine', label: '跳转到行', default: 'Mod+G'},
-    {id: 'outline', label: '符号大纲', default: 'Mod+Shift+O'},
-    {id: 'searchInFiles', label: '文件夹内搜索', default: 'Mod+Shift+F'},
-    {id: 'generate', label: 'AI 生成代码', default: 'Mod+K'},
-    {id: 'newTab', label: '新建标签', default: 'Mod+N'},
-    {id: 'closeTab', label: '关闭标签', default: 'Mod+W'},
-    {id: 'toggleSidebar', label: '切换侧栏', default: 'Mod+B'},
-    {id: 'toggleTerminal', label: '切换终端', default: 'Mod+`'}
+// 可自定义的快捷键动作及默认绑定（Mod = mac 上 ⌘，其他平台 Ctrl）。
+// 动作名（label）由 i18n 提供（shortcutAction.<id>），随界面语言切换。
+const SHORTCUT_DEFS: { id: string; default: string }[] = [
+    {id: 'run', default: 'Mod+Enter'},
+    {id: 'runSelection', default: 'Mod+Shift+Enter'},
+    {id: 'save', default: 'Mod+S'},
+    {id: 'saveAs', default: 'Mod+Shift+S'},
+    {id: 'open', default: 'Mod+O'},
+    {id: 'quickOpen', default: 'Mod+P'},
+    {id: 'commandPalette', default: 'Mod+Shift+P'},
+    {id: 'gotoLine', default: 'Mod+G'},
+    {id: 'outline', default: 'Mod+Shift+O'},
+    {id: 'searchInFiles', default: 'Mod+Shift+F'},
+    {id: 'generate', default: 'Mod+K'},
+    {id: 'newTab', default: 'Mod+N'},
+    {id: 'closeTab', default: 'Mod+W'},
+    {id: 'toggleSidebar', default: 'Mod+B'},
+    {id: 'toggleTerminal', default: 'Mod+`'}
 ]
 
 const STORAGE_KEY = 'shortcuts'
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ export function useShortcuts()
     // 当前生效的绑定（默认 + 覆盖）
     const bindings = computed<Record<string, string>>(() => {
         const map: Record<string, string> = {}
-        for (const action of SHORTCUT_ACTIONS) {
+        for (const action of SHORTCUT_DEFS) {
             map[action.id] = overrides.value[action.id] || action.default
         }
         return map
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ export function useShortcuts()
         if (!combo) {
             return null
         }
-        for (const action of SHORTCUT_ACTIONS) {
+        for (const action of SHORTCUT_DEFS) {
             if (bindings.value[action.id] === combo) {
                 return action.id
             }
@@ -117,8 +119,13 @@ export function useShortcuts()
         return null
     }
 
+    // 动作列表：label 从 i18n 取，随语言响应式更新
+    const actions = computed<ShortcutAction[]>(() =>
+        SHORTCUT_DEFS.map(a => ({id: a.id, label: i18n.global.t(`shortcutAction.${a.id}`), default: a.default}))
+    )
+
     return {
-        actions: SHORTCUT_ACTIONS,
+        actions,
         bindings,
         getBinding,
         setBinding,
diff --git a/src/composables/useStatusBar.ts b/src/composables/useStatusBar.ts
index 63244ba..b55bef8 100644
--- a/src/composables/useStatusBar.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useStatusBar.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 import {type Ref} from 'vue'
 import {CheckCircle, Loader2, XCircle} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import {EnvInfo} from '../types/app.ts'
+import {i18n} from '../i18n'
 
 export function useStatusBar(envInfo: Ref<EnvInfo>, isLoading: Ref<boolean>)
 {
+    const t = i18n.global.t
     // 计算状态颜色
     const getStatusColor = () => {
         if (isLoading.value) {
@@ -31,14 +33,14 @@ export function useStatusBar(envInfo: Ref<EnvInfo>, isLoading: Ref<boolean>)
     // 计算状态文本
     const getStatusText = () => {
         if (isLoading.value) {
-            return `${envInfo.value.language}: 检查环境中...`
+            return `${envInfo.value.language}: ${t('status.checking')}`
         }
 
         if (envInfo.value.installed) {
             return `${envInfo.value.language}: ${envInfo.value.version || '--'}`
         }
         else {
-            return `${envInfo.value.language}: 环境未安装`
+            return `${envInfo.value.language}: ${t('status.notInstalled')}`
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/composables/useUpdateManager.ts b/src/composables/useUpdateManager.ts
index 3068640..e5add9a 100644
--- a/src/composables/useUpdateManager.ts
+++ b/src/composables/useUpdateManager.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ import {invoke} from '@tauri-apps/api/core'
 import {listen} from '@tauri-apps/api/event'
 import {CheckCircle, Download, RefreshCw, Wifi} from 'lucide-vue-next'
 import {kvSet} from './useKvStore'
+import {i18n} from '../i18n'
+
+const t = (key: string) => i18n.global.t(key)
 
 interface UpdateInfo
 {
@@ -44,7 +47,7 @@ export function useUpdateManager()
     const downloadSpeed = ref(0)
     const errorMessage = ref('')
     const lastCheckTime = ref<string | null>(null)
-    const progressText = ref('准备下载...')
+    const progressText = ref(t('update.prepareDownload'))
     const updateInfo = ref<UpdateInfo | null>(null)
     const currentStatus = ref<keyof typeof UpdateStatus>('NO_UPDATE')
 
@@ -106,38 +109,38 @@ export function useUpdateManager()
     const getStatusTitle = () => {
         switch (currentStatus.value) {
             case 'CHECKING':
-                return '检查更新中'
+                return t('update.statusCheckingTitle')
             case 'UPDATE_AVAILABLE':
-                return '发现新版本'
+                return t('update.statusAvailableTitle')
             case 'DOWNLOADING':
-                return '正在下载'
+                return t('update.statusDownloadingTitle')
             case 'INSTALLING':
-                return '正在安装'
+                return t('update.statusInstallingTitle')
             case 'COMPLETED':
-                return '更新完成'
+                return t('update.statusCompletedTitle')
             case 'ERROR':
-                return '更新失败'
+                return t('update.statusErrorTitle')
             default:
-                return '检查应用更新'
+                return t('update.statusDefaultTitle')
         }
     }
 
     const getStatusDescription = () => {
         switch (currentStatus.value) {
             case 'CHECKING':
-                return '正在检查是否有可用的应用更新...'
+                return t('update.statusCheckingDesc')
             case 'UPDATE_AVAILABLE':
-                return '发现新版本可用，建议您立即更新以获得最新功能和修复。'
+                return t('update.statusAvailableDesc')
             case 'DOWNLOADING':
-                return '正在下载更新文件，请稍候...'
+                return t('update.statusDownloadingDesc')
             case 'INSTALLING':
-                return '正在安装更新，请不要关闭应用程序...'
+                return t('update.statusInstallingDesc')
             case 'COMPLETED':
-                return '更新已成功完成，重启应用后生效。'
+                return t('update.statusCompletedDesc')
             case 'ERROR':
-                return '更新过程中出现错误，请稍后重试或手动下载。'
+                return t('update.statusErrorDesc')
             default:
-                return '点击检查更新按钮来查看是否有新版本可用。'
+                return t('update.statusDefaultDesc')
         }
     }
 
@@ -223,11 +226,11 @@ export function useUpdateManager()
             downloadSpeed.value = speed
 
             if (status === 'downloading') {
-                progressText.value = '正在下载更新文件...'
+                progressText.value = t('update.downloadingFile')
                 currentStatus.value = 'DOWNLOADING'
             }
             else if (status === 'installing') {
-                progressText.value = '正在安装更新...'
+                progressText.value = t('update.installingUpdate')
                 currentStatus.value = 'INSTALLING'
             }
         })
@@ -237,7 +240,7 @@ export function useUpdateManager()
             downloadProgress.value = 100
             currentStatus.value = 'COMPLETED'
             isUpdating.value = false
-            progressText.value = '更新完成'
+            progressText.value = t('update.completed')
         })
 
         // 监听更新错误
diff --git a/src/i18n/index.ts b/src/i18n/index.ts
index a3c243f..60ae582 100644
--- a/src/i18n/index.ts
+++ b/src/i18n/index.ts
@@ -1,195 +1,141 @@
-// 国际化（vue-i18n）。默认简体中文，界面零变化；英文为增量翻译，可在通用设置切换。
-// 文案按面逐步迁移，已迁移：通用设置页。
+// 国际化（vue-i18n）。
+// 内置语言包以 JSON 文件初始化（locales/*.json），用户自定义语言包存于本地数据库(KV)，
+// 启动时合并；可在「设置 → 语言包」中新增/编辑/删除，方便扩展。
+import {ref} from 'vue'
 import {createI18n} from 'vue-i18n'
-import {kvGet, kvSet} from '../composables/useKvStore'
+import {kvGet, kvSet, kvGetJSON, kvSetJSON} from '../composables/useKvStore'
+import zhCN from './locales/zh-CN.json'
+import en from './locales/en.json'
 
-export const SUPPORTED_LOCALES = [
-  {value: 'zh-CN', label: '简体中文'},
-  {value: 'en', label: 'English'}
-]
-const LOCALE_KEY = 'app-locale'
+export interface LocaleDef {
+  name: string
+  messages: Record<string, any>
+}
 
-const messages = {
-  'zh-CN': {
-    settings: {
-      title: '设置',
-      uiLanguage: '界面语言',
-      nav: {
-        general: '通用',
-        editor: '编辑器',
-        shortcut: '快捷键',
-        ai: 'AI',
-        database: '数据库',
-        language: '语言',
-        lsp: '语言服务',
-        network: '网络',
-        cache: '缓存',
-        logs: '日志'
-      },
-      general: {
-        appearance: '外观',
-        theme: '主题',
-        runAndFile: '运行与文件',
-        runUnsaved: '运行未保存文件时',
-        selectStrategy: '选择运行策略',
-        maxFileSize: '打开文件大小上限 (MB)',
-        maxFileSizeHint: '超过该大小将以只读方式查看',
-        github: 'GitHub 配置',
-        githubToken: 'GitHub Token (可选)',
-        githubInfoTitle: 'GitHub Token 说明',
-        githubInfo1: '用于提高 GitHub API 请求速率限制（从 60次/小时 提升到 5000次/小时）',
-        githubInfo2Pre: '在 ',
-        githubInfo2Link: 'GitHub Settings',
-        githubInfo2Post: ' 创建 Personal Access Token',
-        githubInfo3: 'Token 不需要任何权限（public access 即可）',
-        githubInfo4: '留空则使用未认证模式访问 GitHub API',
-        saveGithub: '保存 GitHub 配置',
-        savingGithub: '保存中...',
-        clearToken: '清除 Token'
-      },
-      editor: {
-        indentWithTab: '是否使用 Tab 缩进',
-        showLineNumbers: '是否显示行号',
-        showFunctionHelp: '是否显示函数帮助信息',
-        spaceDotOmission: '是否显示空格省略',
-        tabSize: '缩进空格数',
-        font: '编辑器字体',
-        fontSize: '字体大小',
-        theme: '编辑器主题',
-        selectTheme: '选择编辑器主题'
-      },
-      ai: {
-        title: 'AI 助手',
-        provider: '服务商',
-        apiKey: 'API Key',
-        apiKeyHint: '填写所选服务商的 API Key',
-        model: '模型',
-        baseUrl: '接口地址（可选）',
-        info1: '请求经本地后端转发，避免浏览器跨域问题',
-        info2: 'API Key 仅保存在本机',
-        info3: '留空接口地址则使用服务商默认地址'
-      },
-      network: {
-        title: 'CDN 镜像配置',
-        enable: '启用 CDN 镜像加速',
-        enabled: '已启用',
-        disabled: '未启用',
-        baseUrl: 'CDN 基础 URL',
-        fallback: 'CDN 下载失败时自动回退到 GitHub 官方源',
-        infoTitle: 'CDN 镜像说明',
-        info1: 'CDN 镜像用于加速环境安装包的下载',
-        info2: '启用自动回退后，CDN 下载失败会自动使用 GitHub 官方源',
-        info3: '关闭自动回退后，CDN 下载失败将直接报错，不会尝试其他源',
-        save: '保存配置',
-        saving: '保存中...',
-        reset: '重置为默认',
-        test: '测试连接',
-        testing: '测试中...'
-      },
-      theme: {system: '跟随系统', light: '浅色', dark: '深色'},
-      runStrategy: {autoSave: '自动保存后运行', ask: '每次询问', tempCopy: '运行副本(不保存)'}
-    }
-  },
-  en: {
-    settings: {
-      title: 'Settings',
-      uiLanguage: 'Language',
-      nav: {
-        general: 'General',
-        editor: 'Editor',
-        shortcut: 'Shortcuts',
-        ai: 'AI',
-        database: 'Database',
-        language: 'Languages',
-        lsp: 'Language Server',
-        network: 'Network',
-        cache: 'Cache',
-        logs: 'Logs'
-      },
-      general: {
-        appearance: 'Appearance',
-        theme: 'Theme',
-        runAndFile: 'Run & Files',
-        runUnsaved: 'When running an unsaved file',
-        selectStrategy: 'Select run strategy',
-        maxFileSize: 'Max file size to open (MB)',
-        maxFileSizeHint: 'Larger files open in read-only view',
-        github: 'GitHub',
-        githubToken: 'GitHub Token (optional)',
-        githubInfoTitle: 'About GitHub Token',
-        githubInfo1: 'Raises GitHub API rate limit (from 60/hr to 5000/hr)',
-        githubInfo2Pre: 'Create a Personal Access Token in ',
-        githubInfo2Link: 'GitHub Settings',
-        githubInfo2Post: '',
-        githubInfo3: 'The token needs no scopes (public access is enough)',
-        githubInfo4: 'Leave empty to access the GitHub API unauthenticated',
-        saveGithub: 'Save GitHub config',
-        savingGithub: 'Saving...',
-        clearToken: 'Clear token'
-      },
-      editor: {
-        indentWithTab: 'Use Tab for indentation',
-        showLineNumbers: 'Show line numbers',
-        showFunctionHelp: 'Show function help',
-        spaceDotOmission: 'Show whitespace dots',
-        tabSize: 'Indent size',
-        font: 'Editor font',
-        fontSize: 'Font size',
-        theme: 'Editor theme',
-        selectTheme: 'Select editor theme'
-      },
-      ai: {
-        title: 'AI Assistant',
-        provider: 'Provider',
-        apiKey: 'API Key',
-        apiKeyHint: 'Enter the API Key for the selected provider',
-        model: 'Model',
-        baseUrl: 'API endpoint (optional)',
-        info1: 'Requests are proxied by the local backend to avoid CORS issues',
-        info2: 'The API Key is stored only on this machine',
-        info3: 'Leave the endpoint empty to use the provider default'
-      },
-      network: {
-        title: 'CDN Mirror',
-        enable: 'Enable CDN mirror acceleration',
-        enabled: 'Enabled',
-        disabled: 'Disabled',
-        baseUrl: 'CDN base URL',
-        fallback: 'Fall back to official GitHub source when CDN download fails',
-        infoTitle: 'About CDN mirror',
-        info1: 'CDN mirror speeds up downloading environment install packages',
-        info2: 'With fallback on, a failed CDN download automatically uses the official GitHub source',
-        info3: 'With fallback off, a failed CDN download errors out without trying other sources',
-        save: 'Save',
-        saving: 'Saving...',
-        reset: 'Reset to default',
-        test: 'Test connection',
-        testing: 'Testing...'
-      },
-      theme: {system: 'Follow system', light: 'Light', dark: 'Dark'},
-      runStrategy: {autoSave: 'Auto-save then run', ask: 'Ask every time', tempCopy: 'Run a copy (no save)'}
-    }
-  }
+// 内置语言包（初始化数据源）
+const BUILTIN: Record<string, LocaleDef> = {
+  'zh-CN': {name: '简体中文', messages: zhCN},
+  en: {name: 'English', messages: en}
 }
 
+const LOCALE_KEY = 'app-locale'
+const CUSTOM_KEY = 'i18n-custom-locales' // DB(KV)：{ [code]: { name, messages } }
+
 export const i18n = createI18n({
   legacy: false,
   locale: 'zh-CN',
   fallbackLocale: 'zh-CN',
-  messages
+  messages: {'zh-CN': zhCN, en} as any
 })
 
+// 可用语言列表（内置 + 自定义），响应式，供界面语言下拉与管理页使用
+export const availableLocales = ref<{ value: string; label: string; builtin: boolean }[]>([])
+
+const readCustom = (): Record<string, LocaleDef> => kvGetJSON<Record<string, LocaleDef>>(CUSTOM_KEY, {})
+const writeCustom = (data: Record<string, LocaleDef>) => kvSetJSON(CUSTOM_KEY, data)
+
+// 深合并：override 优先，缺失的键用 base 填充（对象递归，数组/基本类型直接覆盖）
+const deepMerge = (base: any, override: any): any => {
+  if (!base || typeof base !== 'object' || Array.isArray(base)) {
+    return override ?? base
+  }
+  if (!override || typeof override !== 'object' || Array.isArray(override)) {
+    return override ?? base
+  }
+  const out: Record<string, any> = {...base}
+  for (const k of Object.keys(override)) {
+    out[k] = k in base ? deepMerge(base[k], override[k]) : override[k]
+  }
+  return out
+}
+
+// 某语言的最终生效文案：内置 JSON 作底，数据库自定义覆盖（DB 优先，缺失用 JSON 填充）
+const effectiveMessages = (code: string, custom?: Record<string, LocaleDef>): Record<string, any> => {
+  const c = custom ?? readCustom()
+  const base = BUILTIN[code]?.messages ?? {}
+  return c[code] ? deepMerge(base, c[code].messages) : base
+}
+
+const rebuildAvailable = (custom: Record<string, LocaleDef>) => {
+  const list: { value: string; label: string; builtin: boolean }[] = []
+  for (const [code, def] of Object.entries(BUILTIN)) {
+    list.push({value: code, label: custom[code]?.name || def.name, builtin: true})
+  }
+  for (const [code, def] of Object.entries(custom)) {
+    if (!BUILTIN[code]) {
+      list.push({value: code, label: def.name || code, builtin: false})
+    }
+  }
+  availableLocales.value = list
+}
+
+// 启动时调用（须在 loadKvStore 之后）：合并 DB 自定义语言包并恢复上次语言
+export const loadLocales = () => {
+  const custom = readCustom()
+  // 数据库优先、JSON 填充：内置语言把自定义合并到 JSON 底；纯自定义语言直接用其文案
+  for (const code of Object.keys(custom)) {
+    i18n.global.setLocaleMessage(code, effectiveMessages(code, custom) as any)
+  }
+  rebuildAvailable(custom)
+  const saved = kvGet(LOCALE_KEY)
+  if (saved && availableLocales.value.some(l => l.value === saved)) {
+    i18n.global.locale.value = saved as any
+  }
+}
+
 export const setLocale = (locale: string) => {
-  i18n.global.locale.value = locale as 'zh-CN' | 'en'
+  i18n.global.locale.value = locale as any
   kvSet(LOCALE_KEY, locale)
 }
+export const getLocale = (): string => i18n.global.locale.value as string
 
-export const getLocale = (): string => i18n.global.locale.value
+// —— 语言包管理（供「设置 → 语言包」）——
 
-// 启动时从 KV 恢复（须在 loadKvStore 之后调用）
-export const loadSavedLocale = () => {
-  const saved = kvGet(LOCALE_KEY)
-  if (saved && SUPPORTED_LOCALES.some(s => s.value === saved)) {
-    i18n.global.locale.value = saved as 'zh-CN' | 'en'
+export const isBuiltinLocale = (code: string) => !!BUILTIN[code]
+
+// 取某语言当前最终生效文案（JSON 底 + 数据库覆盖）；用于编辑器预填，便于看到全部键
+export const getLocaleMessages = (code: string): Record<string, any> => effectiveMessages(code)
+
+// 取内置默认文案（用于以某内置语言为模板新建）
+export const getBuiltinMessages = (code: string): Record<string, any> => BUILTIN[code]?.messages ?? BUILTIN['zh-CN'].messages
+
+// 新增/编辑：写入 DB、应用到 i18n、刷新列表
+export const saveLocale = (code: string, name: string, messages: Record<string, any>) => {
+  const custom = readCustom()
+  custom[code] = {name, messages}
+  writeCustom(custom)
+  // 运行时仍以 JSON 为底合并（即便用户删了某些键，也会用 JSON 填充）
+  i18n.global.setLocaleMessage(code, effectiveMessages(code, custom) as any)
+  rebuildAvailable(custom)
+}
+
+// 删除自定义语言包（内置不可删）；删的是当前语言则切回 zh-CN
+export const deleteLocale = (code: string) => {
+  if (BUILTIN[code]) {
+    return
+  }
+  const custom = readCustom()
+  delete custom[code]
+  writeCustom(custom)
+  rebuildAvailable(custom)
+  if (getLocale() === code) {
+    setLocale('zh-CN')
   }
 }
+
+// 恢复内置默认（移除对内置语言的自定义覆盖）
+export const resetBuiltin = (code: string) => {
+  if (!BUILTIN[code]) {
+    return
+  }
+  const custom = readCustom()
+  if (custom[code]) {
+    delete custom[code]
+    writeCustom(custom)
+  }
+  i18n.global.setLocaleMessage(code, BUILTIN[code].messages as any)
+  rebuildAvailable(custom)
+}
+
+// 模块初始化时先用内置填充列表（KV 尚未加载时的兜底；loadLocales 后会再刷新）
+rebuildAvailable({})
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en.json b/src/i18n/locales/en.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c53dae5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en.json
@@ -0,0 +1,958 @@
+{
+  "settings": {
+    "title": "Settings",
+    "uiLanguage": "Language",
+    "nav": {
+      "general": "General",
+      "editor": "Editor",
+      "shortcut": "Shortcuts",
+      "ai": "AI",
+      "database": "Database",
+      "language": "Languages",
+      "lsp": "Language Server",
+      "network": "Network",
+      "cache": "Cache",
+      "logs": "Logs",
+      "i18n": "Language packs"
+    },
+    "general": {
+      "appearance": "Appearance",
+      "theme": "Theme",
+      "runAndFile": "Run & Files",
+      "runUnsaved": "When running an unsaved file",
+      "selectStrategy": "Select run strategy",
+      "maxFileSize": "Max file size to open (MB)",
+      "maxFileSizeHint": "Larger files open in read-only view",
+      "github": "GitHub",
+      "githubToken": "GitHub Token (optional)",
+      "githubInfoTitle": "About GitHub Token",
+      "githubInfo1": "Raises GitHub API rate limit (from 60/hr to 5000/hr)",
+      "githubInfo2Pre": "Create a Personal Access Token in ",
+      "githubInfo2Link": "GitHub Settings",
+      "githubInfo2Post": "",
+      "githubInfo3": "The token needs no scopes (public access is enough)",
+      "githubInfo4": "Leave empty to access the GitHub API unauthenticated",
+      "saveGithub": "Save GitHub config",
+      "savingGithub": "Saving...",
+      "clearToken": "Clear token",
+      "saveThemeFailed": "Failed to save theme: ",
+      "saveConfigFailed": "Failed to save config: ",
+      "githubSaved": "GitHub config saved",
+      "saveGithubFailed": "Failed to save GitHub config: "
+    },
+    "editor": {
+      "indentWithTab": "Use Tab for indentation",
+      "showLineNumbers": "Show line numbers",
+      "showFunctionHelp": "Show function help",
+      "spaceDotOmission": "Show whitespace dots",
+      "tabSize": "Indent size",
+      "font": "Editor font",
+      "fontSize": "Font size",
+      "theme": "Editor theme",
+      "selectTheme": "Select editor theme"
+    },
+    "ai": {
+      "title": "AI Assistant",
+      "provider": "Provider",
+      "apiKey": "API Key",
+      "apiKeyHint": "Enter the API Key for the selected provider",
+      "model": "Model",
+      "baseUrl": "API endpoint (optional)",
+      "info1": "Requests are proxied by the local backend to avoid CORS issues",
+      "info2": "The API Key is stored only on this machine",
+      "info3": "Leave the endpoint empty to use the provider default"
+    },
+    "network": {
+      "title": "CDN Mirror",
+      "enable": "Enable CDN mirror acceleration",
+      "enabled": "Enabled",
+      "disabled": "Disabled",
+      "baseUrl": "CDN base URL",
+      "fallback": "Fall back to official GitHub source when CDN download fails",
+      "infoTitle": "About CDN mirror",
+      "info1": "CDN mirror speeds up downloading environment install packages",
+      "info2": "With fallback on, a failed CDN download automatically uses the official GitHub source",
+      "info3": "With fallback off, a failed CDN download errors out without trying other sources",
+      "save": "Save",
+      "saving": "Saving...",
+      "reset": "Reset to default",
+      "test": "Test connection",
+      "testing": "Testing...",
+      "loadFailed": "Failed to load CDN config: ",
+      "saved": "CDN config saved",
+      "saveFailed": "Failed to save CDN config: ",
+      "needBaseUrl": "Enter the CDN base URL first",
+      "testSuccess": "CDN connection test succeeded",
+      "testWarn": "Could not test the CDN connection directly, but this may be normal (CORS restriction). Try downloading an environment package to verify the CDN works."
+    },
+    "shortcut": {
+      "resetAll": "Reset all",
+      "press": "Press a shortcut…",
+      "cancel": "Cancel",
+      "edit": "Edit",
+      "reset": "Reset",
+      "hint": "Tip: changes take effect after closing Settings."
+    },
+    "cache": {
+      "title": "Cache",
+      "desc": "Manage app cache, including temporary files from code execution",
+      "pluginsCache": "Plugin execution cache",
+      "totalCache": "Total cache size",
+      "loading": "Loading...",
+      "clearPluginsTitle": "Clear plugin execution cache",
+      "clearPluginsDesc": "Clear temporary files produced by code execution",
+      "clearAllTitle": "Clear all cache",
+      "clearAllDesc": "Clear all cached data of the app",
+      "clear": "Clear",
+      "clearedPlugins": "Plugin execution cache cleared",
+      "clearedAll": "All cache cleared"
+    },
+    "logs": {
+      "title": "Logs",
+      "currentDir": "Current log directory",
+      "loading": "Loading...",
+      "selectDir": "Choose a new log directory",
+      "dirPlaceholder": "Select or enter a log directory path",
+      "apply": "Apply changes",
+      "openDir": "Open log directory",
+      "resetDefault": "Reset to default",
+      "recentFiles": "Recent log files",
+      "mgmtTitle": "Log management",
+      "cleanup": "Clean logs",
+      "keepDaysPlaceholder": "Days to keep",
+      "clearNow": "Clean now"
+    },
+    "i18n": {
+      "title": "Language packs",
+      "desc": "Manage UI language packs. Add languages or edit text; saved to the local database and applied instantly.",
+      "addLocale": "Add language",
+      "code": "Locale code",
+      "codePlaceholder": "e.g. ja, ko, zh-TW",
+      "name": "Display name",
+      "namePlaceholder": "e.g. 日本語",
+      "basedOn": "Based on",
+      "create": "Create",
+      "cancel": "Cancel",
+      "edit": "Edit",
+      "delete": "Delete",
+      "builtin": "Built-in",
+      "custom": "Custom",
+      "messages": "Messages (JSON)",
+      "save": "Save",
+      "resetBuiltin": "Reset to built-in default",
+      "saved": "Language pack saved",
+      "invalidJson": "Invalid JSON, please check",
+      "codeRequired": "Enter both locale code and name",
+      "codeExists": "This locale code already exists",
+      "deleted": "Language pack deleted",
+      "resetDone": "Reset to built-in default"
+    },
+    "database": {
+      "desc": "Manage database connections. When running SQL, choose a data source in the output area. Passwords are stored in plaintext in the local database.",
+      "newConnection": "New Connection",
+      "noConnections": "No connections yet",
+      "memoryDb": "In-memory DB",
+      "delete": "Delete",
+      "editConnection": "Edit Connection",
+      "type": "Type",
+      "name": "Connection Name",
+      "namePlaceholder": "e.g. Local data source",
+      "host": "Host",
+      "hostPlaceholder": "Default 127.0.0.1",
+      "port": "Port",
+      "portPlaceholder": "Default {port}",
+      "user": "Username",
+      "userPlaceholder": "Username",
+      "password": "Password",
+      "passwordPlaceholder": "Password",
+      "databaseName": "Database",
+      "databasePlaceholder": "Database name (optional)",
+      "duckdbFile": "DuckDB File",
+      "sqliteFile": "SQLite File",
+      "duckdbFilePlaceholder": "File path (empty = in-memory DB)",
+      "sqliteFilePlaceholder": "SQLite file path",
+      "pickFile": "Choose File",
+      "save": "Save Changes",
+      "add": "Add Connection",
+      "test": "Test Connection",
+      "cancel": "Cancel",
+      "fileDialogName": "Database file",
+      "connectFailed": "Connection failed: ",
+      "connectSuccess": "Connection successful"
+    },
+    "lsp": {
+      "title": "Language Server (LSP)",
+      "desc": "Once installed, you get precise completion, hover docs, go-to-definition, find references, rename and live diagnostics",
+      "recheck": "Re-check",
+      "installed": "Installed",
+      "installing": "Installing…",
+      "install": "Install",
+      "note": "Auto-install relies on the matching toolchains already present on this machine: npm (pyright / typescript / intelephense / vscode-langservers-extracted), rustup (rust-analyzer), go (gopls), Homebrew (clangd / lua-language-server), gem (solargraph). If install fails, install manually with the command above then click \"Re-check\". Restart the app after installation to load the new server.",
+      "startInstall": "Starting installation…",
+      "startInstallFailed": "Failed to start installation: ",
+      "installDone": "✓ Installation complete",
+      "installFailed": "✗ Installation failed"
+    },
+    "language": {
+      "filter": "Filter languages",
+      "addCustom": "Add custom language",
+      "noMatch": "No matching language found",
+      "noLangQ": "Don't see the language you need?",
+      "submitIssue": "Submit an issue",
+      "configTitle": "Language [ {label} ] configuration",
+      "enablePlugin": "Enable plugin",
+      "beforeCompile": "Command before compile",
+      "runCommand": "Run command",
+      "filenameDesc": "The source file to run or the temporary generated file",
+      "classnameDesc": "The class name to run, empty if none",
+      "afterCompile": "Command after compile",
+      "extension": "File extension",
+      "extensionPlaceholder": "Enter file extension",
+      "loadingEditor": "Loading editor...",
+      "timeout": "Timeout (seconds)",
+      "timeoutPlaceholder": "Timeout (seconds), default 30s",
+      "consoleType": "Output type",
+      "consoleTypePlaceholder": "Select output type",
+      "addModalTitle": "Add custom language",
+      "langId": "Language ID",
+      "langIdPlaceholder": "e.g. dart, perl",
+      "langName": "Language name",
+      "langNamePlaceholder": "e.g. Dart, Perl",
+      "extPlaceholder": "e.g. dart, pl, sh",
+      "langIcon": "Language icon",
+      "selectIcon": "Choose icon file",
+      "cancel": "Cancel",
+      "add": "Add",
+      "confirmDeleteTitle": "Confirm deletion",
+      "confirmDeletePre": "Delete custom language ",
+      "confirmDeletePost": "?",
+      "delete": "Delete",
+      "openLinkFailed": "Failed to open link: ",
+      "imageFileName": "Image file",
+      "selectFileFailed": "Failed to select file: ",
+      "customDeleted": "Custom language deleted",
+      "deleteFailed": "Delete failed: ",
+      "needIdName": "Please fill in the language ID and name",
+      "needExt": "Please fill in the file extension",
+      "addSuccess": "Custom language added successfully",
+      "addFailed": "Add failed: ",
+      "tabGeneral": "General",
+      "tabEnvironment": "Environment",
+      "tabTemplate": "Template",
+      "tabAdvanced": "Advanced",
+      "ctConsole": "Console",
+      "ctSqlTable": "SQL table",
+      "ctTable": "Data table/chart",
+      "ctXlsx": "Excel sheet/chart"
+    },
+    "env": {
+      "dir": "Language environment directory",
+      "dirPlaceholder": "Choose language environment directory path",
+      "currentVersion": "Current version: ",
+      "loading": "Loading...",
+      "installedTab": "Installed",
+      "availableTab": "Available",
+      "current": "Current",
+      "switch": "Switch",
+      "uninstall": "Uninstall",
+      "noInstalled": "No installed versions yet",
+      "installed": "Installed",
+      "download": "Download",
+      "downloading": "Downloading {v}",
+      "extracting": "Extracting {v}",
+      "installing": "Installing {v}",
+      "completed": "Installed {v}",
+      "failed": "Install failed {v}"
+    },
+    "theme": {"system": "Follow system", "light": "Light", "dark": "Dark"},
+    "runStrategy": {"autoSave": "Auto-save then run", "ask": "Ask every time", "tempCopy": "Run a copy (no save)"}
+  },
+  "header": {
+    "selectLanguage": "Select language",
+    "run": "Run",
+    "stop": "Stop",
+    "loadExample": "Load example",
+    "history": "History",
+    "openFile": "Open file",
+    "saveFile": "Save file",
+    "ai": "AI Assistant",
+    "showSidebar": "Show sidebar",
+    "hideSidebar": "Hide sidebar",
+    "layoutHorizontal": "Side-by-side",
+    "layoutVertical": "Top-bottom",
+    "layoutEditor": "Editor only",
+    "hasUpdate": "Update available"
+  },
+  "status": {
+    "checking": "Checking environment...",
+    "notInstalled": "Not installed",
+    "recheck": "Recheck environment",
+    "latency": "Last: {ms} ms",
+    "lspIndexing": "Language server indexing: {lang}",
+    "lspReady": "Language server ready: {lang} (click to view problems)",
+    "lspBadgeIndexing": "LSP indexing",
+    "chars": "chars",
+    "terminalTip": "Terminal ({key})"
+  },
+  "git": {
+    "notRepo": "Not a Git repository",
+    "refresh": "Refresh",
+    "close": "Close",
+    "staged": "Staged changes",
+    "unstageAll": "Unstage all",
+    "changes": "Changes",
+    "stageAll": "Stage all",
+    "clean": "No uncommitted changes",
+    "messagePlaceholder": "Commit message… (Cmd/Ctrl+Enter to commit)",
+    "aiGenTitle": "Generate commit message from changes with AI",
+    "commit": "Commit",
+    "commitPush": "Commit & push",
+    "push": "Push",
+    "statusFailed": "Failed to read Git status",
+    "stageFailed": "Stage failed",
+    "unstageFailed": "Unstage failed",
+    "committed": "Committed",
+    "commitFailed": "Commit failed",
+    "pushed": "Pushed",
+    "pushFailed": "Push failed",
+    "needMessage": "Enter a commit message and stage changes",
+    "committedPushed": "Committed & pushed",
+    "commitPushFailed": "Commit & push failed",
+    "switched": "Switched to {branch}",
+    "switchFailed": "Failed to switch branch",
+    "aiNeedKey": "Configure the AI API Key in Settings first",
+    "noDiff": "No changes to generate from",
+    "genFailed": "Generation failed"
+  },
+  "dialog": {
+    "gotoLinePlaceholder": "Go to line (1 - {max})",
+    "gotoLineHint": "{n} lines · Enter to jump",
+    "quickOpenPlaceholder": "Quick open by file name…",
+    "quickOpenLoading": "Loading files…",
+    "quickOpenEmpty": "No matching files",
+    "recent": "Recent",
+    "outlinePlaceholder": "Go to symbol…",
+    "outlineNoSymbols": "No symbols detected",
+    "outlineEmpty": "No matching symbols",
+    "commandPlaceholder": "Type a command…",
+    "commandEmpty": "No matching commands"
+  },
+  "tabs": {
+    "unsaved": "Unsaved",
+    "close": "Close",
+    "newTab": "New tab",
+    "closeOthers": "Close others",
+    "closeRight": "Close to the right",
+    "copyPath": "Copy path",
+    "untitled": "Untitled"
+  },
+  "command": {
+    "run": "Run code",
+    "runSelection": "Run selection",
+    "watchModeOn": "Enable watch mode (run on save)",
+    "watchModeOff": "Disable watch mode (run on save)",
+    "aiCompletionOn": "Enable AI completion (Tab to accept)",
+    "aiCompletionOff": "Disable AI completion",
+    "open": "Open file",
+    "openFolder": "Open folder",
+    "save": "Save file",
+    "saveAs": "Save as",
+    "newTab": "New tab",
+    "closeTab": "Close tab",
+    "quickOpen": "Quick open file",
+    "gotoLine": "Go to line",
+    "outline": "Symbol outline",
+    "snippets": "Manage snippets",
+    "terminal": "Toggle terminal",
+    "searchInFiles": "Search in folder",
+    "generate": "AI generate code",
+    "showAi": "AI Assistant",
+    "explainCode": "AI explain code (selection or all)",
+    "generateTests": "AI generate tests (selection or all)",
+    "formatWithAi": "AI format code",
+    "history": "Run history",
+    "diff": "Diff (current vs saved)",
+    "preview": "Live preview (Markdown / HTML)",
+    "git": "Git source control",
+    "toggleSidebar": "Toggle sidebar",
+    "layoutHorizontal": "Layout: side-by-side",
+    "layoutVertical": "Layout: top-bottom",
+    "layoutEditor": "Layout: editor only",
+    "themeSystem": "Theme: follow system",
+    "themeLight": "Theme: light",
+    "themeDark": "Theme: dark",
+    "settings": "Open settings",
+    "groupLayout": "Layout",
+    "groupTheme": "Theme"
+  },
+  "shortcutAction": {
+    "run": "Run code",
+    "runSelection": "Run selection",
+    "save": "Save file",
+    "saveAs": "Save as",
+    "open": "Open file",
+    "quickOpen": "Quick open file",
+    "commandPalette": "Command palette",
+    "gotoLine": "Go to line",
+    "outline": "Symbol outline",
+    "searchInFiles": "Search in folder",
+    "generate": "AI generate code",
+    "newTab": "New tab",
+    "closeTab": "Close tab",
+    "toggleSidebar": "Toggle sidebar",
+    "toggleTerminal": "Toggle terminal"
+  },
+  "view": {
+    "clear": "Clear",
+    "copy": "Copy",
+    "copyFailed": "Copy failed",
+    "running": "Running…",
+    "parseFailed": "Parse failed",
+    "toTree": "Switch to tree",
+    "toGraph": "Switch to graph",
+    "exportCsv": "Export CSV",
+    "chart": "Chart",
+    "table": "Table",
+    "noChartData": "No data to chart",
+    "colsRows": "{cols} cols · {rows} rows",
+    "ms": "{n} ms",
+    "webTitle": "Web preview",
+    "clearPreview": "Clear preview",
+    "rendering": "Rendering page...",
+    "noWeb": "No web content",
+    "webHint": "Run HTML, CSS or JavaScript to see the page",
+    "renderingBadge": "Rendering",
+    "webImportFail": "Failed to import Tauri filesystem plugin: ",
+    "jsonTitle": "JSON view",
+    "jsonParseFail": "JSON parse failed: ",
+    "jsonCopied": "Formatted JSON copied",
+    "emptyJson": "Run to view JSON here",
+    "mdTitle": "Markdown preview",
+    "emptyMd": "Run to view Markdown preview here",
+    "xmlTitle": "XML view",
+    "xmlParseFail": "XML parse failed: ",
+    "emptyXml": "Run to view XML here",
+    "yamlTitle": "YAML view",
+    "yamlParseFail": "YAML parse failed: ",
+    "workflowGraph": "GitHub Actions workflow graph",
+    "emptyYaml": "Run to view YAML here",
+    "dataTitle": "Data table",
+    "parsing": "Parsing",
+    "emptyData": "Run to view the data table here (CSV / TSV)",
+    "xlsxReadFail": "Read failed: ",
+    "xlsxReading": "Reading…",
+    "emptyXlsx": "Run .xlsx / .xls to view data here",
+    "colN": "Col {n}",
+    "items": "items",
+    "keys": "keys",
+    "zeroRows": "(0 rows)",
+    "expand": "Expand",
+    "collapse": "Collapse",
+    "trigger": "Trigger (on)",
+    "noSteps": "(no steps)"
+  },
+  "console": {
+    "title": "Console",
+    "running": "Running",
+    "copied": "Copied",
+    "copyFailed": "Copy failed",
+    "copyTitle": "Copy output",
+    "clearTitle": "Clear console",
+    "ms": "{n} ms",
+    "executing": "Running code...",
+    "programRunning": "Program is running...",
+    "noOutput": "No output",
+    "noOutputHint": "Try running some code"
+  },
+  "sidebar": {
+    "explorer": "Explorer",
+    "openFolder": "Open folder",
+    "refresh": "Refresh",
+    "noFolder": "No folder open",
+    "recent": "Recent",
+    "newFile": "New file",
+    "newFolder": "New folder",
+    "rename": "Rename",
+    "delete": "Delete",
+    "revealIn": "Reveal in {label}",
+    "revealFinder": "Finder",
+    "revealExplorer": "File Explorer",
+    "revealManager": "file manager",
+    "cancel": "Cancel",
+    "confirm": "OK",
+    "confirmDeleteTitle": "Confirm delete",
+    "deleteConfirmPre": "Delete ",
+    "deleteConfirmDir": " (and its contents)",
+    "deleteConfirmPost": "? This cannot be undone.",
+    "namePlaceholder": "Enter a name",
+    "renamePlaceholder": "Enter a new name",
+    "renamed": "Renamed",
+    "createdFile": "File created",
+    "createdFolder": "Folder created",
+    "opFailed": "Operation failed",
+    "deleted": "Deleted",
+    "deleteFailed": "Delete failed",
+    "openFailed": "Open failed"
+  },
+  "search": {
+    "placeholder": "Search in folder…",
+    "searching": "Searching…",
+    "countSummary": "{count} matches / {files} files",
+    "replacePlaceholder": "Replace with… (case-insensitive)",
+    "replaceAllTitle": "Replace all {count} matches",
+    "searchFirst": "Search first",
+    "replacing": "Replacing…",
+    "replaceAll": "Replace all",
+    "confirmLine": "Replace {count} occurrence(s) of \"{query}\" with \"{rep}\" across {files} file(s).",
+    "confirmWarn": "Writes to disk directly and cannot be undone. Continue?",
+    "cancel": "Cancel",
+    "confirmReplace": "Replace",
+    "empty": "No matching results",
+    "replacedSummary": "Replaced {count} occurrence(s) across {files} file(s)",
+    "replaceFailed": "Replace failed"
+  },
+  "chat": {
+    "title": "AI Assistant",
+    "clear": "Clear chat",
+    "close": "Close",
+    "linked": "Linked to run #{id}; chat is saved with this run",
+    "temp": "Temporary session: chat is saved only after running code",
+    "analyzeError": "Analyze error",
+    "explain": "Explain code",
+    "findBug": "Find bugs",
+    "optimize": "Optimize",
+    "genCommit": "Generate commit message",
+    "emptyHint": "Ask the AI, or use the quick actions above on the current code",
+    "thinking": "Thinking…",
+    "stop": "Stop generating",
+    "inputPlaceholder": "Type a question, Enter to send (Shift+Enter for newline)",
+    "copy": "Copy",
+    "insert": "Insert into editor",
+    "copied": "Code copied",
+    "inserted": "Inserted into editor",
+    "needKey": "Fill in the API Key in Settings → AI first",
+    "emptyResponse": "(empty response)",
+    "noCode": "No code in the current editor",
+    "noDiff": "No changes detected"
+  },
+  "history": {
+    "title": "Execution History",
+    "count": "{n} total",
+    "refresh": "Refresh",
+    "loading": "Loading...",
+    "empty": "No execution history",
+    "success": "Success",
+    "fail": "Failed",
+    "hasAi": "Has AI conversation",
+    "loadingMore": "Loading more...",
+    "allLoaded": "All history loaded",
+    "chars": "chars",
+    "aiChat": "AI Chat",
+    "askAi": "Ask AI",
+    "copyOutput": "Copy Output",
+    "restoreCode": "Restore Code",
+    "rerun": "Re-run",
+    "code": "Code",
+    "output": "Output",
+    "selectHint": "Select a history entry to view details",
+    "clear": "Clear History",
+    "close": "Close",
+    "noOutput": "Code executed successfully (no output)",
+    "loadFailed": "Failed to load execution history: ",
+    "loadMoreFailed": "Failed to load more history: ",
+    "cleared": "Execution history cleared",
+    "clearFailed": "Failed to clear execution history: ",
+    "outputCopied": "Output copied",
+    "copyFailed": "Copy failed: "
+  },
+  "sql": {
+    "selectSource": "Select data source",
+    "memoryDb": "In-memory database",
+    "fileTag": "file",
+    "pickFile": "Choose SQLite file…",
+    "deleted": "(deleted)",
+    "schemaTitle": "Database schema",
+    "schema": "Schema",
+    "refresh": "Refresh",
+    "searchDb": "Search databases…",
+    "searchTable": "Search tables / columns…",
+    "loading": "Loading…",
+    "noDatabase": "No databases",
+    "noTable": "No tables",
+    "copyDdl": "Copy CREATE statement",
+    "exportCsv": "Export CSV",
+    "preview100": "Preview first 100 rows",
+    "insertColumn": "Insert column: {name}",
+    "noExportData": "No data to export",
+    "exported": "Exported {n} rows",
+    "exportFailed": "Export failed: ",
+    "ddlUnsupported": "{db} does not support one-click CREATE statement copy",
+    "noDdl": "Could not get CREATE statement",
+    "ddlCopied": "Copied CREATE statement for {name}",
+    "copyFailed": "Copy failed: ",
+    "noResult": "No result",
+    "execFailed": "Execution failed: ",
+    "resultSet": "Result set {n} · {rows} rows",
+    "doneNoOutput": "Completed, no output",
+    "result": "SQL Result",
+    "running": "Running…",
+    "prevPage": "Previous page",
+    "nextPage": "Next page",
+    "pageInfo": "Page {no} · {size} per page",
+    "table": "Table",
+    "chart": "Chart",
+    "noChartData": "No data to chart",
+    "pivot": "Pivot",
+    "noPivotData": "No data to pivot",
+    "clear": "Clear",
+    "emptyResult": "Run to view SQL results here (source: {label})",
+    "aiTitle": "Generate SQL from natural language",
+    "aiHeading": "Generate SQL from natural language",
+    "aiPlaceholder": "Describe what you want to query, e.g. count daily new users, ordered by date descending",
+    "generating": "Generating…",
+    "generate": "Generate (⌘↵)",
+    "readingSchema": "Reading schema…",
+    "schemaAttached": "Schema attached",
+    "schemaNone": "No schema read",
+    "noApiKey": "AI API Key not configured, please fill it in Settings → AI",
+    "aiNoContent": "AI returned no content",
+    "fields": "Fields (drag to the areas below)",
+    "sum": "Sum",
+    "count": "Count",
+    "avg": "Average",
+    "min": "Min",
+    "max": "Max",
+    "zoneRow": "Rows",
+    "zoneCol": "Columns",
+    "zoneVal": "Values",
+    "hintRow": "Drag in row fields",
+    "hintCol": "Drag in column fields",
+    "hintVal": "Drag in numeric fields",
+    "total": "Total",
+    "all": "All",
+    "pivotHint": "Drag a field to \"Values\" to build the pivot table"
+  },
+  "about": {
+    "title": "About CodeForge",
+    "tagline": "CodeForge is a lightweight, high-performance desktop code runner designed for developers, students and coding enthusiasts.",
+    "star": "Give a Star",
+    "viewSource": "View Source",
+    "reportIssue": "Report Issue",
+    "version": "Version",
+    "buildTime": "Build Time",
+    "platform": "Platform",
+    "coreFeatures": "Core Features",
+    "techStack": "Tech Stack",
+    "copyright": "© 2025 Devlive Community. A code runner built for developers",
+    "feature1": "Multi-language code execution",
+    "feature2": "Smart syntax highlighting",
+    "feature3": "Real-time execution analytics",
+    "feature4": "Modern user interface"
+  },
+  "update": {
+    "title": "App Update",
+    "currentVersion": "Current Version",
+    "latestVersion": "Latest Version",
+    "releaseDate": "Release Date",
+    "updateSize": "Update Size",
+    "progress": "Update Progress",
+    "downloadSpeed": "Download Speed",
+    "releaseNotes": "Release Notes",
+    "failedTitle": "Update Failed",
+    "lastCheck": "Last check",
+    "checking": "Checking...",
+    "checkUpdate": "Check for Updates",
+    "updateNow": "Update Now",
+    "skipVersion": "Skip This Version",
+    "statusCheckingTitle": "Checking for Updates",
+    "statusAvailableTitle": "New Version Available",
+    "statusDownloadingTitle": "Downloading",
+    "statusInstallingTitle": "Installing",
+    "statusCompletedTitle": "Update Complete",
+    "statusErrorTitle": "Update Failed",
+    "statusDefaultTitle": "Check for App Updates",
+    "statusCheckingDesc": "Checking for available app updates...",
+    "statusAvailableDesc": "A new version is available. We recommend updating now for the latest features and fixes.",
+    "statusDownloadingDesc": "Downloading update files, please wait...",
+    "statusInstallingDesc": "Installing the update, please do not close the app...",
+    "statusCompletedDesc": "Update completed successfully. It takes effect after restarting the app.",
+    "statusErrorDesc": "An error occurred during the update. Please retry later or download manually.",
+    "statusDefaultDesc": "Click the check button to see if a new version is available.",
+    "prepareDownload": "Preparing download...",
+    "downloadingFile": "Downloading update files...",
+    "installingUpdate": "Installing update...",
+    "completed": "Update complete"
+  },
+  "terminal": {
+    "close": "Close",
+    "newTerminal": "New terminal",
+    "collapse": "Collapse terminal panel (keep sessions)",
+    "exited": "·exited",
+    "processExited": "[process exited]",
+    "startFailed": "Failed to start terminal: ",
+    "tabTitle": "Terminal {n}"
+  },
+  "diag": {
+    "title": "Problems",
+    "close": "Close",
+    "empty": "No problems found"
+  },
+  "preview": {
+    "title": "Live Preview",
+    "close": "Close preview",
+    "unsupported": "This file type does not support preview (only Markdown and HTML)",
+    "unsupportedLabel": "Unsupported"
+  },
+  "largeFile": {
+    "readonly": "Read-only",
+    "lineCount": "{n} lines",
+    "range": "Lines {from}–{to}",
+    "close": "Close",
+    "readFailed": "Failed to read file lines:"
+  },
+  "diff": {
+    "title": "Diff",
+    "close": "Close",
+    "subtitle": "Saved (red) → Current (green)",
+    "noDiff": "No differences, content is identical",
+    "tooLarge": "(File too large to show line-by-line diff)"
+  },
+  "inlineGen": {
+    "editBadge": "Edit selection",
+    "editPlaceholder": "Describe how to modify the selected code…",
+    "genPlaceholder": "Describe the {lang} code to generate in natural language…",
+    "generate": "Generate",
+    "regenerate": "Regenerate",
+    "generating": "Generating…",
+    "resultHint": "Generated result (editable before inserting)",
+    "cancel": "Cancel",
+    "insert": "Insert into editor",
+    "footerHint": "Enter to generate, then confirm to insert at cursor; Esc to cancel",
+    "genFailed": "Generation failed: "
+  },
+  "breadcrumb": {
+    "revealIn": "Reveal in file manager: {path}",
+    "unsaved": "Unsaved changes"
+  },
+  "snippet": {
+    "title": "Snippets",
+    "subtitle": "Type the prefix then press Tab to expand ($0 is the cursor position)",
+    "close": "Close",
+    "allLanguages": "All languages",
+    "edit": "Edit",
+    "delete": "Delete",
+    "empty": "No snippets yet, add one below",
+    "prefixPlaceholder": "Prefix (e.g. fn)",
+    "langPlaceholder": "Language (empty = all)",
+    "descPlaceholder": "Description (optional)",
+    "bodyPlaceholder": "Snippet body, $0 is the cursor position after expansion",
+    "saveEdit": "Save Changes",
+    "addSnippet": "Add Snippet",
+    "cancelEdit": "Cancel Edit"
+  },
+  "chart": {
+    "type": "Chart type",
+    "savePreset": "Save preset",
+    "savePresetTitle": "Save as preset",
+    "aiConfig": "AI chart",
+    "aiConfigTitle": "Configure chart with natural language",
+    "presetNamePlaceholder": "Preset name",
+    "save": "Save",
+    "cancel": "Cancel",
+    "applyPreset": "Apply preset: {name}",
+    "aiPlaceholder": "e.g. count by status, use a pie chart",
+    "generating": "Generating…",
+    "generate": "Generate",
+    "fields": "Fields (click to select / double-click to add / draggable)",
+    "fieldTitle": "Click to select target / double-click to add / drag below",
+    "noColumns": "No available columns",
+    "dimsOptional": "Dimensions (optional)",
+    "dimsAxis": "Dimensions (first is category axis, rest grouped)",
+    "axis": "Axis",
+    "dropDims": "Drop category columns (multiple allowed)",
+    "metricAxis": "Metrics (value axis)",
+    "dropMetric": "Drop value columns",
+    "sort": "Sort",
+    "topN": "Show top N",
+    "all": "All",
+    "labelValue": "Value labels",
+    "horizontal": "Horizontal",
+    "smooth": "Smooth",
+    "stacked": "Stacked",
+    "ring": "Ring",
+    "fill": "Fill",
+    "dualY": "Dual Y-axis",
+    "exportCopy": "Export / Copy",
+    "exportPng": "Export PNG",
+    "exportSvg": "Export SVG",
+    "copyImage": "Copy image",
+    "exportCsv": "Export data CSV",
+    "imageCopied": "Image copied to clipboard",
+    "copyFailed": "Copy failed, the current environment may not support it",
+    "noApiKey": "AI API Key not configured (Settings → AI)",
+    "aiParseFail": "AI response could not be parsed or errored: ",
+    "setX": "Set as X metric",
+    "setY": "Set as Y metric",
+    "setGroup": "Set as group",
+    "addDim": "Add as dimension",
+    "addMetric": "Add as metric",
+    "scatterX": "X metric (numeric)",
+    "scatterY": "Y metric (numeric)",
+    "scatterGroup": "Group (optional)",
+    "dropNumeric": "Drop numeric columns",
+    "dropCategory": "Drop category columns",
+    "sortNone": "Original order",
+    "sortDesc": "Descending",
+    "sortAsc": "Ascending",
+    "agg": {"sum": "Sum", "count": "Count", "avg": "Average", "max": "Max", "min": "Min"},
+    "rootAll": "All",
+    "boxName": "Box",
+    "outlierName": "Outlier",
+    "types": {
+      "bar": "Bar", "line": "Line", "combo": "Combo (bar+line)", "area": "Area", "pie": "Pie",
+      "scatter": "Scatter", "radar": "Radar", "funnel": "Funnel", "heatmap": "Heatmap", "gauge": "Gauge",
+      "sankey": "Sankey", "sunburst": "Sunburst", "treemap": "Treemap", "tree": "Tree", "boxplot": "Boxplot",
+      "candlestick": "Candlestick", "parallel": "Parallel", "themeriver": "ThemeRiver", "calendar": "Calendar", "rose": "Rose",
+      "effectScatter": "Ripple scatter", "graph": "Graph", "polarBar": "Polar bar", "pictorialBar": "Pictorial bar",
+      "wordcloud": "Word cloud", "liquidFill": "Liquid fill", "mapChina": "China map", "mapWorld": "World map"
+    },
+    "empty": {
+      "bar": "Drop \"Dimensions\" and \"Metrics\" to build the chart", "line": "Drop \"Dimensions\" and \"Metrics\" to build the chart",
+      "combo": "Drop \"Dimensions\" and ≥2 \"Metrics\" to build a combo chart", "area": "Drop \"Dimensions\" and \"Metrics\" to build the chart",
+      "pie": "Drop \"Dimensions\" and \"Metrics\" to build the chart", "scatter": "Drop \"X metric\" and \"Y metric\" to build the chart",
+      "radar": "Drop \"Dimensions\" and \"Metrics\" to build the chart", "funnel": "Drop \"Dimensions\" and \"Metrics\" to build the chart",
+      "heatmap": "Drop two dimensions and one metric to build the chart", "gauge": "Drop one metric to build a gauge",
+      "sankey": "Drop ≥2 dimensions and one metric to build a Sankey", "sunburst": "Drop dimensions (levels) and one metric to build a sunburst",
+      "treemap": "Drop dimensions (levels) and one metric to build a treemap", "tree": "Drop dimensions (levels) and one metric to build a tree",
+      "boxplot": "Drop one dimension and one metric to build a boxplot", "candlestick": "Drop one dimension and four metrics: open/close/low/high",
+      "parallel": "Drop ≥2 metrics to build parallel coordinates", "themeriver": "Drop two dimensions (time, category) and one metric to build a ThemeRiver",
+      "calendar": "Drop one date dimension and one metric to build a calendar", "rose": "Drop \"Dimensions\" and \"Metrics\" to build a rose chart",
+      "effectScatter": "Drop \"X metric\" and \"Y metric\" to build a ripple scatter", "graph": "Drop two dimensions (source, target) and one metric to build a graph",
+      "polarBar": "Drop \"Dimensions\" and \"Metrics\" to build a polar bar chart", "pictorialBar": "Drop \"Dimensions\" and \"Metrics\" to build a pictorial bar chart",
+      "wordcloud": "Drop \"Dimensions\" and \"Metrics\" to build a word cloud", "liquidFill": "Drop one metric to build a liquid fill chart",
+      "mapChina": "Drop one province dimension and one metric to build a China map", "mapWorld": "Drop one country dimension and one metric to build a world map"
+    },
+    "note": {
+      "combo": "First metric as bars, the rest as lines; enable \"Dual Y-axis\"", "pie": "First dimension as category, first metric as value",
+      "funnel": "First dimension as category, first metric as value", "heatmap": "First two dimensions as X/Y axes, first metric as heat value",
+      "gauge": "Gauge aggregates the first metric into a single value", "sankey": "Adjacent dimensions linked as data flow, metric as flow volume",
+      "sunburst": "Dimensions nested by level, first metric as value", "treemap": "Dimensions nested by level, first metric as area",
+      "tree": "Dimensions expanded by level, first metric as leaf value", "boxplot": "First dimension as group, first metric as raw distribution",
+      "candlestick": "Dimension as category axis, metrics as open/close/low/high", "parallel": "Multiple metrics as parallel axes, first dimension as optional group",
+      "themeriver": "Dimension 1 as time, dimension 2 as category, metric as value", "calendar": "First dimension as date, first metric as value",
+      "rose": "First dimension as sector, first metric as radius", "graph": "Dimension 1 as source, dimension 2 as target, metric as edge weight",
+      "polarBar": "Dimension as angle axis, metric as radius", "pictorialBar": "Dimension as category axis, metric as height (repeated shapes)",
+      "wordcloud": "First dimension as word, first metric as weight", "liquidFill": "First metric aggregate ÷ column max as fill ratio",
+      "mapChina": "First dimension as province name (e.g. \"Beijing\"), first metric as value", "mapWorld": "First dimension as country name (English), first metric as value"
+    }
+  },
+  "app": {
+    "runInputToggle": "Run input (args / stdin / env vars)",
+    "runArgs": "Run arguments",
+    "runArgsPlaceholder": "Space-separated, e.g. --port 8080",
+    "stdin": "Standard input (stdin)",
+    "stdinPlaceholder": "Input fed to the program at runtime",
+    "envVars": "Environment variables",
+    "envVarsPlaceholder": "KEY=value, separate multiple with ; e.g. DEBUG=1;PORT=8080",
+    "watchMode": "Watch mode: auto-run on save",
+    "codeEditor": "code editor",
+    "unsaved": "Unsaved changes",
+    "aiPredicting": "AI predicting…",
+    "ghostHint": "Tab to accept · Esc to cancel",
+    "cursorPos": "Ln {line}, Col {col}",
+    "selected": "Selected",
+    "chars": "chars",
+    "lines": "lines",
+    "collapseConsole": "Collapse console",
+    "runUnsavedTitle": "Run unsaved file",
+    "runUnsavedPre": "The file ",
+    "runUnsavedPost": " has unsaved changes. How do you want to run it?",
+    "cancel": "Cancel",
+    "runCopy": "Run a copy (no save)",
+    "saveAndRun": "Save and run",
+    "aiPreviewTitle": "Apply AI code preview",
+    "aiPreviewSubtitle": "Current (red) → AI suggestion (green); confirm to replace editor content",
+    "apply": "Apply",
+    "gotoDef": "Go to definition",
+    "renameSymbol": "Rename symbol",
+    "codeActionMenu": "Code actions / quick fixes",
+    "formatDoc": "Format document",
+    "formatSelection": "Format selection",
+    "untitled": "Untitled",
+    "multiEngine": "This type has multiple run engines; selected \"{name}\", switch manually in the dropdown",
+    "pathCopied": "Path copied",
+    "copyFailed": "Copy failed: ",
+    "notTextFile": "Not a text file, cannot open",
+    "openFailed": "Open failed: ",
+    "noCodeExplain": "No code to explain",
+    "noCodeTest": "No code to generate tests for",
+    "needApiKey": "Configure the API Key in \"Settings → AI\" first",
+    "aiFormatting": "Requesting AI to tidy the code…",
+    "noAdjust": "No adjustment needed",
+    "formatFailed": "Format failed: ",
+    "aiPredictOff": "AI code prediction disabled",
+    "aiPredictOnNoKey": "AI code prediction enabled, but no API Key is configured. Fill it in \"Settings → AI\"",
+    "aiPredictOn": "AI code prediction enabled; pause typing to see the gray completion, press Tab to accept",
+    "aiCodeApplied": "AI code applied",
+    "openFolderFirst": "Open a folder first",
+    "noCodeAction": "No code actions available at the current position",
+    "actionOtherFiles": "This action also modifies {n} other files, not applied automatically yet",
+    "applyActionFailed": "Failed to apply code action: ",
+    "diffNeedSaved": "Diff requires opening a saved file first",
+    "sqlFailed": "SQL execution failed",
+    "sqlFailedColon": "SQL execution failed: ",
+    "noSql": "No SQL to execute",
+    "selectCodeFirst": "Select the code to run first",
+    "historyRestored": "History code restored"
+  },
+  "toast": {
+    "opened": "Opened {name}",
+    "openFileFailed": "Failed to open file: ",
+    "savedTo": "Saved to {name}",
+    "saveFileFailed": "Failed to save file: ",
+    "saved": "Saved {name}",
+    "getEditorConfigFailed": "Failed to get editor config - error: ",
+    "editorConfigSaved": "Editor config saved",
+    "saveEditorConfigFailed": "Failed to save editor config - error: ",
+    "tabSizeRange": "Tab size must be between 1 and 8",
+    "themeNotExist": "The selected theme does not exist",
+    "getLanguagesFailed": "Failed to get supported languages - error: ",
+    "getConfigFailed": "Failed to get config - error: ",
+    "pluginConfigSaved": "{name} config saved",
+    "saveConfigFailed": "Failed to save config - error: ",
+    "langRequired": "Language cannot be empty",
+    "runCmdRequired": "Run command cannot be empty",
+    "timeoutRange": "Timeout must be between 1 and 300 seconds",
+    "envNotInstalled": "{lang} environment is not installed",
+    "runSuccess": "Code ran successfully in {ms} ms",
+    "runFailCheckOutput": "Code execution failed, check the error in the output",
+    "runFailCheckLog": "Code execution failed, please check the logs",
+    "stopping": "Stopping code execution...",
+    "noRunningTask": "No running task found",
+    "stopFailed": "Failed to stop execution",
+    "outputCleared": "Output cleared",
+    "runStopped": "Code execution stopped",
+    "runTimeout": "Code execution timed out",
+    "runError": "Code execution error",
+    "outRunFailed": "Code execution failed: ",
+    "outStopped": "Code execution stopped by user",
+    "outTimeout": "Code execution timed out (30s)",
+    "outError": "Execution error: ",
+    "switchedTo": "Switched to {name}",
+    "getLogDirFailed": "Failed to get log directory - error: ",
+    "logDirUpdated": "Log directory updated",
+    "logDirReset": "Log directory reset to default",
+    "openLogFailed": "Failed to open log file - error: ",
+    "logsCleanedDays": "Cleaned logs older than {n} days",
+    "keepDaysOption": "Keep {n} days",
+    "logsCleanFailed": "Failed to clean logs, error: "
+  },
+  "ui": {
+    "close": "Close",
+    "addTab": "Add tab",
+    "empty": "No content",
+    "selectPlaceholder": "Please select...",
+    "searchPlaceholder": "Search options...",
+    "noOptions": "No options available"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..288416e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json
@@ -0,0 +1,958 @@
+{
+  "settings": {
+    "title": "设置",
+    "uiLanguage": "界面语言",
+    "nav": {
+      "general": "通用",
+      "editor": "编辑器",
+      "shortcut": "快捷键",
+      "ai": "AI",
+      "database": "数据库",
+      "language": "语言",
+      "lsp": "语言服务",
+      "network": "网络",
+      "cache": "缓存",
+      "logs": "日志",
+      "i18n": "语言包"
+    },
+    "general": {
+      "appearance": "外观",
+      "theme": "主题",
+      "runAndFile": "运行与文件",
+      "runUnsaved": "运行未保存文件时",
+      "selectStrategy": "选择运行策略",
+      "maxFileSize": "打开文件大小上限 (MB)",
+      "maxFileSizeHint": "超过该大小将以只读方式查看",
+      "github": "GitHub 配置",
+      "githubToken": "GitHub Token (可选)",
+      "githubInfoTitle": "GitHub Token 说明",
+      "githubInfo1": "用于提高 GitHub API 请求速率限制（从 60次/小时 提升到 5000次/小时）",
+      "githubInfo2Pre": "在 ",
+      "githubInfo2Link": "GitHub Settings",
+      "githubInfo2Post": " 创建 Personal Access Token",
+      "githubInfo3": "Token 不需要任何权限（public access 即可）",
+      "githubInfo4": "留空则使用未认证模式访问 GitHub API",
+      "saveGithub": "保存 GitHub 配置",
+      "savingGithub": "保存中...",
+      "clearToken": "清除 Token",
+      "saveThemeFailed": "保存主题失败: ",
+      "saveConfigFailed": "保存配置失败: ",
+      "githubSaved": "GitHub 配置已保存",
+      "saveGithubFailed": "保存 GitHub 配置失败: "
+    },
+    "editor": {
+      "indentWithTab": "是否使用 Tab 缩进",
+      "showLineNumbers": "是否显示行号",
+      "showFunctionHelp": "是否显示函数帮助信息",
+      "spaceDotOmission": "是否显示空格省略",
+      "tabSize": "缩进空格数",
+      "font": "编辑器字体",
+      "fontSize": "字体大小",
+      "theme": "编辑器主题",
+      "selectTheme": "选择编辑器主题"
+    },
+    "ai": {
+      "title": "AI 助手",
+      "provider": "服务商",
+      "apiKey": "API Key",
+      "apiKeyHint": "填写所选服务商的 API Key",
+      "model": "模型",
+      "baseUrl": "接口地址（可选）",
+      "info1": "请求经本地后端转发，避免浏览器跨域问题",
+      "info2": "API Key 仅保存在本机",
+      "info3": "留空接口地址则使用服务商默认地址"
+    },
+    "network": {
+      "title": "CDN 镜像配置",
+      "enable": "启用 CDN 镜像加速",
+      "enabled": "已启用",
+      "disabled": "未启用",
+      "baseUrl": "CDN 基础 URL",
+      "fallback": "CDN 下载失败时自动回退到 GitHub 官方源",
+      "infoTitle": "CDN 镜像说明",
+      "info1": "CDN 镜像用于加速环境安装包的下载",
+      "info2": "启用自动回退后，CDN 下载失败会自动使用 GitHub 官方源",
+      "info3": "关闭自动回退后，CDN 下载失败将直接报错，不会尝试其他源",
+      "save": "保存配置",
+      "saving": "保存中...",
+      "reset": "重置为默认",
+      "test": "测试连接",
+      "testing": "测试中...",
+      "loadFailed": "加载 CDN 配置失败: ",
+      "saved": "CDN 配置已保存",
+      "saveFailed": "保存 CDN 配置失败: ",
+      "needBaseUrl": "请先输入 CDN 基础 URL",
+      "testSuccess": "CDN 连接测试成功",
+      "testWarn": "无法直接测试 CDN 连接，但这可能是正常的（CORS 限制）。请尝试下载环境包以验证 CDN 是否正常工作。"
+    },
+    "shortcut": {
+      "resetAll": "全部重置",
+      "press": "按下快捷键…",
+      "cancel": "取消",
+      "edit": "修改",
+      "reset": "重置",
+      "hint": "提示：修改后关闭设置即生效。"
+    },
+    "cache": {
+      "title": "缓存管理",
+      "desc": "管理应用缓存，包括代码执行临时文件等",
+      "pluginsCache": "插件执行缓存",
+      "totalCache": "总缓存大小",
+      "loading": "加载中...",
+      "clearPluginsTitle": "清理插件执行缓存",
+      "clearPluginsDesc": "清理代码执行产生的临时文件",
+      "clearAllTitle": "清理所有缓存",
+      "clearAllDesc": "清理应用所有缓存数据",
+      "clear": "清理",
+      "clearedPlugins": "插件执行缓存已清理",
+      "clearedAll": "所有缓存已清理"
+    },
+    "logs": {
+      "title": "日志设置",
+      "currentDir": "当前日志目录",
+      "loading": "加载中...",
+      "selectDir": "选择新的日志目录",
+      "dirPlaceholder": "选择或输入日志目录路径",
+      "apply": "应用更改",
+      "openDir": "打开日志目录",
+      "resetDefault": "重置为默认",
+      "recentFiles": "最近的日志文件",
+      "mgmtTitle": "日志管理",
+      "cleanup": "清理日志",
+      "keepDaysPlaceholder": "选择保留天数",
+      "clearNow": "立即清理"
+    },
+    "i18n": {
+      "title": "语言包",
+      "desc": "管理界面语言包。可新增语言或编辑文案，保存后存入本地数据库并即时生效。",
+      "addLocale": "新增语言",
+      "code": "语言代码",
+      "codePlaceholder": "如 ja、ko、zh-TW",
+      "name": "显示名称",
+      "namePlaceholder": "如 日本語",
+      "basedOn": "基于",
+      "create": "创建",
+      "cancel": "取消",
+      "edit": "编辑",
+      "delete": "删除",
+      "builtin": "内置",
+      "custom": "自定义",
+      "messages": "文案（JSON）",
+      "save": "保存",
+      "resetBuiltin": "恢复内置默认",
+      "saved": "语言包已保存",
+      "invalidJson": "JSON 格式有误，请检查",
+      "codeRequired": "请填写语言代码与名称",
+      "codeExists": "该语言代码已存在",
+      "deleted": "已删除该语言包",
+      "resetDone": "已恢复为内置默认"
+    },
+    "database": {
+      "desc": "管理数据库连接，运行 SQL 时可在输出区选择数据源。密码以明文保存在本地数据库中。",
+      "newConnection": "新增连接",
+      "noConnections": "还没有连接",
+      "memoryDb": "内存库",
+      "delete": "删除",
+      "editConnection": "编辑连接",
+      "type": "类型",
+      "name": "连接名称",
+      "namePlaceholder": "例如：本地数据源",
+      "host": "主机",
+      "hostPlaceholder": "默认 127.0.0.1",
+      "port": "端口",
+      "portPlaceholder": "默认 {port}",
+      "user": "用户名",
+      "userPlaceholder": "用户名",
+      "password": "密码",
+      "passwordPlaceholder": "密码",
+      "databaseName": "数据库名",
+      "databasePlaceholder": "数据库名（可选）",
+      "duckdbFile": "DuckDB 文件",
+      "sqliteFile": "SQLite 文件",
+      "duckdbFilePlaceholder": "文件路径（留空则用内存库）",
+      "sqliteFilePlaceholder": "SQLite 文件路径",
+      "pickFile": "选择文件",
+      "save": "保存修改",
+      "add": "添加连接",
+      "test": "测试连接",
+      "cancel": "取消",
+      "fileDialogName": "数据库文件",
+      "connectFailed": "连接失败：",
+      "connectSuccess": "连接成功"
+    },
+    "lsp": {
+      "title": "语言服务（LSP）",
+      "desc": "安装后可获得精准补全、悬浮文档、跳转定义、查找引用、重命名与实时诊断",
+      "recheck": "重新检测",
+      "installed": "已安装",
+      "installing": "安装中…",
+      "install": "安装",
+      "note": "自动安装依赖本机已具备对应工具链：npm（pyright / typescript / intelephense / vscode-langservers-extracted）、rustup（rust-analyzer）、go（gopls）、Homebrew（clangd / lua-language-server）、gem（solargraph）。若安装失败，可按上方命令手动安装后点「重新检测」。安装完成后请重启应用以加载新服务器。",
+      "startInstall": "开始安装…",
+      "startInstallFailed": "启动安装失败：",
+      "installDone": "✓ 安装完成",
+      "installFailed": "✗ 安装失败"
+    },
+    "language": {
+      "filter": "筛选语言",
+      "addCustom": "添加自定义语言",
+      "noMatch": "未找到匹配的语言",
+      "noLangQ": "没有你需要的语言？",
+      "submitIssue": "提交 Issue 反馈",
+      "configTitle": "语言 [ {label} ] 配置",
+      "enablePlugin": "启用插件",
+      "beforeCompile": "编译前执行的命令",
+      "runCommand": "执行的命令",
+      "filenameDesc": "执行的源文件或临时生成的文件",
+      "classnameDesc": "执行的类名,如果没有则为空",
+      "afterCompile": "编译完成后执行的命令",
+      "extension": "文件后缀名",
+      "extensionPlaceholder": "输入文件后缀名",
+      "loadingEditor": "加载编辑器中...",
+      "timeout": "超时时间(秒)",
+      "timeoutPlaceholder": "超时时间(秒)，默认 30 秒",
+      "consoleType": "输出类型",
+      "consoleTypePlaceholder": "请选择输出类型",
+      "addModalTitle": "添加自定义语言",
+      "langId": "语言标识",
+      "langIdPlaceholder": "例如: dart, perl",
+      "langName": "语言名称",
+      "langNamePlaceholder": "例如: Dart, Perl",
+      "extPlaceholder": "例如: dart, pl, sh",
+      "langIcon": "语言图标",
+      "selectIcon": "选择图标文件",
+      "cancel": "取消",
+      "add": "添加",
+      "confirmDeleteTitle": "确认删除",
+      "confirmDeletePre": "确定要删除自定义语言 ",
+      "confirmDeletePost": " 吗？",
+      "delete": "删除",
+      "openLinkFailed": "打开链接失败: ",
+      "imageFileName": "图片文件",
+      "selectFileFailed": "选择文件失败: ",
+      "customDeleted": "自定义语言已删除",
+      "deleteFailed": "删除失败: ",
+      "needIdName": "请填写语言标识和语言名称",
+      "needExt": "请填写文件扩展名",
+      "addSuccess": "自定义语言添加成功",
+      "addFailed": "添加失败: ",
+      "tabGeneral": "通用配置",
+      "tabEnvironment": "环境配置",
+      "tabTemplate": "模板配置",
+      "tabAdvanced": "高级配置",
+      "ctConsole": "控制台",
+      "ctSqlTable": "SQL 表格",
+      "ctTable": "数据表/图表",
+      "ctXlsx": "Excel 表/图表"
+    },
+    "env": {
+      "dir": "语言环境目录",
+      "dirPlaceholder": "选择语言环境目录路径",
+      "currentVersion": "当前版本: ",
+      "loading": "加载中...",
+      "installedTab": "已安装版本",
+      "availableTab": "可用版本",
+      "current": "当前",
+      "switch": "切换",
+      "uninstall": "卸载",
+      "noInstalled": "暂无已安装版本",
+      "installed": "已安装",
+      "download": "下载",
+      "downloading": "正在下载 {v}",
+      "extracting": "正在解压 {v}",
+      "installing": "正在安装 {v}",
+      "completed": "安装完成 {v}",
+      "failed": "安装失败 {v}"
+    },
+    "theme": {"system": "跟随系统", "light": "浅色", "dark": "深色"},
+    "runStrategy": {"autoSave": "自动保存后运行", "ask": "每次询问", "tempCopy": "运行副本(不保存)"}
+  },
+  "header": {
+    "selectLanguage": "选择语言",
+    "run": "运行代码",
+    "stop": "停止执行",
+    "loadExample": "加载示例",
+    "history": "执行历史",
+    "openFile": "打开文件",
+    "saveFile": "保存文件",
+    "ai": "AI 助手",
+    "showSidebar": "显示侧栏",
+    "hideSidebar": "隐藏侧栏",
+    "layoutHorizontal": "左右布局",
+    "layoutVertical": "上下布局",
+    "layoutEditor": "仅编辑器",
+    "hasUpdate": "有新版本"
+  },
+  "status": {
+    "checking": "检查环境中...",
+    "notInstalled": "环境未安装",
+    "recheck": "重新检查环境",
+    "latency": "最新: {ms} 毫秒",
+    "lspIndexing": "语言服务索引中：{lang}",
+    "lspReady": "语言服务已就绪：{lang}（点击查看问题）",
+    "lspBadgeIndexing": "LSP 索引中",
+    "chars": "字符",
+    "terminalTip": "终端（{key}）"
+  },
+  "git": {
+    "notRepo": "非 Git 仓库",
+    "refresh": "刷新",
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "staged": "暂存的更改",
+    "unstageAll": "全部取消暂存",
+    "changes": "更改",
+    "stageAll": "全部暂存",
+    "clean": "没有未提交的更改",
+    "messagePlaceholder": "提交信息…（Cmd/Ctrl+Enter 提交）",
+    "aiGenTitle": "用 AI 根据改动生成提交信息",
+    "commit": "提交",
+    "commitPush": "提交并推送",
+    "push": "推送",
+    "statusFailed": "读取 Git 状态失败",
+    "stageFailed": "暂存失败",
+    "unstageFailed": "取消暂存失败",
+    "committed": "已提交",
+    "commitFailed": "提交失败",
+    "pushed": "已推送",
+    "pushFailed": "推送失败",
+    "needMessage": "请填写提交信息并暂存改动",
+    "committedPushed": "已提交并推送",
+    "commitPushFailed": "提交并推送失败",
+    "switched": "已切换到 {branch}",
+    "switchFailed": "切换分支失败",
+    "aiNeedKey": "请先在设置中配置 AI 的 API Key",
+    "noDiff": "没有可用于生成的改动",
+    "genFailed": "生成失败"
+  },
+  "dialog": {
+    "gotoLinePlaceholder": "跳转到行（1 - {max}）",
+    "gotoLineHint": "共 {n} 行 · 回车跳转",
+    "quickOpenPlaceholder": "按文件名快速打开…",
+    "quickOpenLoading": "加载文件列表…",
+    "quickOpenEmpty": "无匹配文件",
+    "recent": "最近",
+    "outlinePlaceholder": "跳转到符号…",
+    "outlineNoSymbols": "未识别到符号",
+    "outlineEmpty": "无匹配符号",
+    "commandPlaceholder": "输入命令…",
+    "commandEmpty": "无匹配命令"
+  },
+  "tabs": {
+    "unsaved": "未保存",
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "newTab": "新建标签页",
+    "closeOthers": "关闭其他",
+    "closeRight": "关闭右侧",
+    "copyPath": "复制路径",
+    "untitled": "未命名"
+  },
+  "command": {
+    "run": "运行代码",
+    "runSelection": "运行选中片段",
+    "watchModeOn": "开启监听模式（保存自动运行）",
+    "watchModeOff": "关闭监听模式（保存自动运行）",
+    "aiCompletionOn": "开启 AI 代码预测（Tab 补全）",
+    "aiCompletionOff": "关闭 AI 代码预测",
+    "open": "打开文件",
+    "openFolder": "打开文件夹",
+    "save": "保存文件",
+    "saveAs": "另存为",
+    "newTab": "新建标签",
+    "closeTab": "关闭标签",
+    "quickOpen": "快速打开文件",
+    "gotoLine": "跳转到行",
+    "outline": "符号大纲",
+    "snippets": "管理代码片段",
+    "terminal": "切换终端",
+    "searchInFiles": "在文件夹内搜索",
+    "generate": "AI 生成代码",
+    "showAi": "AI 助手",
+    "explainCode": "AI 解释代码（选中或全文）",
+    "generateTests": "AI 生成测试（选中或全文）",
+    "formatWithAi": "AI 格式化代码",
+    "history": "执行历史",
+    "diff": "差异对比（当前 vs 已保存）",
+    "preview": "实时预览（Markdown / HTML）",
+    "git": "Git 源代码管理",
+    "toggleSidebar": "切换侧栏",
+    "layoutHorizontal": "布局：左右",
+    "layoutVertical": "布局：上下",
+    "layoutEditor": "布局：仅编辑器",
+    "themeSystem": "主题：跟随系统",
+    "themeLight": "主题：浅色",
+    "themeDark": "主题：深色",
+    "settings": "打开设置",
+    "groupLayout": "布局",
+    "groupTheme": "主题"
+  },
+  "shortcutAction": {
+    "run": "运行代码",
+    "runSelection": "运行选中片段",
+    "save": "保存文件",
+    "saveAs": "另存为",
+    "open": "打开文件",
+    "quickOpen": "快速打开文件",
+    "commandPalette": "命令面板",
+    "gotoLine": "跳转到行",
+    "outline": "符号大纲",
+    "searchInFiles": "文件夹内搜索",
+    "generate": "AI 生成代码",
+    "newTab": "新建标签",
+    "closeTab": "关闭标签",
+    "toggleSidebar": "切换侧栏",
+    "toggleTerminal": "切换终端"
+  },
+  "view": {
+    "clear": "清空",
+    "copy": "复制",
+    "copyFailed": "复制失败",
+    "running": "运行中…",
+    "parseFailed": "解析失败",
+    "toTree": "切换为层级树",
+    "toGraph": "切换为可视化关系图",
+    "exportCsv": "导出 CSV",
+    "chart": "图表",
+    "table": "表格",
+    "noChartData": "无数据可绘图",
+    "colsRows": "{cols} 列 · {rows} 行",
+    "ms": "{n} 毫秒",
+    "webTitle": "Web 预览",
+    "clearPreview": "清空预览",
+    "rendering": "正在渲染页面...",
+    "noWeb": "没有 Web 内容",
+    "webHint": "运行 HTML、CSS 或 JavaScript 代码来查看网页效果",
+    "renderingBadge": "渲染中",
+    "webImportFail": "无法导入 Tauri 文件系统插件：",
+    "jsonTitle": "JSON 视图",
+    "jsonParseFail": "JSON 解析失败：",
+    "jsonCopied": "已复制格式化 JSON",
+    "emptyJson": "运行后在此查看 JSON",
+    "mdTitle": "Markdown 预览",
+    "emptyMd": "运行后在此查看 Markdown 预览",
+    "xmlTitle": "XML 视图",
+    "xmlParseFail": "XML 解析失败：",
+    "emptyXml": "运行后在此查看 XML",
+    "yamlTitle": "YAML 视图",
+    "yamlParseFail": "YAML 解析失败：",
+    "workflowGraph": "GitHub Actions 工作流图",
+    "emptyYaml": "运行后在此查看 YAML",
+    "dataTitle": "数据表",
+    "parsing": "解析中",
+    "emptyData": "运行后在此查看数据表（支持 CSV / TSV）",
+    "xlsxReadFail": "读取失败：",
+    "xlsxReading": "读取中…",
+    "emptyXlsx": "运行 .xlsx / .xls 后在此查看数据",
+    "colN": "列{n}",
+    "items": "项",
+    "keys": "键",
+    "zeroRows": "（0 行）",
+    "expand": "展开",
+    "collapse": "收起",
+    "trigger": "触发 (on)",
+    "noSteps": "(无步骤)"
+  },
+  "console": {
+    "title": "控制台",
+    "running": "执行中",
+    "copied": "已复制",
+    "copyFailed": "复制失败",
+    "copyTitle": "复制输出内容",
+    "clearTitle": "清空控制台",
+    "ms": "{n} 毫秒",
+    "executing": "执行代码中...",
+    "programRunning": "程序正在运行...",
+    "noOutput": "没有输出",
+    "noOutputHint": "可以尝试运行一些代码"
+  },
+  "sidebar": {
+    "explorer": "资源管理器",
+    "openFolder": "打开文件夹",
+    "refresh": "刷新",
+    "noFolder": "未打开文件夹",
+    "recent": "最近打开",
+    "newFile": "新建文件",
+    "newFolder": "新建文件夹",
+    "rename": "重命名",
+    "delete": "删除",
+    "revealIn": "在{label}中显示",
+    "revealFinder": "访达",
+    "revealExplorer": "资源管理器",
+    "revealManager": "文件管理器",
+    "cancel": "取消",
+    "confirm": "确定",
+    "confirmDeleteTitle": "确认删除",
+    "deleteConfirmPre": "确定删除 ",
+    "deleteConfirmDir": "（及其内容）",
+    "deleteConfirmPost": "？此操作不可恢复。",
+    "namePlaceholder": "输入名称",
+    "renamePlaceholder": "输入新名称",
+    "renamed": "已重命名",
+    "createdFile": "已新建文件",
+    "createdFolder": "已新建文件夹",
+    "opFailed": "操作失败",
+    "deleted": "已删除",
+    "deleteFailed": "删除失败",
+    "openFailed": "打开失败"
+  },
+  "search": {
+    "placeholder": "在文件夹内搜索…",
+    "searching": "搜索中…",
+    "countSummary": "{count} 处 / {files} 文件",
+    "replacePlaceholder": "替换为…（大小写不敏感）",
+    "replaceAllTitle": "替换全部 {count} 处",
+    "searchFirst": "先搜索出结果",
+    "replacing": "替换中…",
+    "replaceAll": "全部替换",
+    "confirmLine": "将把 {count} 处「{query}」替换为「{rep}」，涉及 {files} 个文件。",
+    "confirmWarn": "直接写入磁盘且不可撤销，确定继续？",
+    "cancel": "取消",
+    "confirmReplace": "确认替换",
+    "empty": "无匹配结果",
+    "replacedSummary": "已替换 {count} 处，涉及 {files} 个文件",
+    "replaceFailed": "替换失败"
+  },
+  "chat": {
+    "title": "AI 助手",
+    "clear": "清空对话",
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "linked": "已关联运行 #{id}，对话随该次运行保存",
+    "temp": "临时会话：运行代码后对话才会保存",
+    "analyzeError": "分析报错",
+    "explain": "解释代码",
+    "findBug": "找 Bug",
+    "optimize": "优化",
+    "genCommit": "生成提交信息",
+    "emptyHint": "向 AI 提问，或用上方快捷动作处理当前代码",
+    "thinking": "思考中…",
+    "stop": "停止生成",
+    "inputPlaceholder": "输入问题，Enter 发送（Shift+Enter 换行）",
+    "copy": "复制",
+    "insert": "应用到编辑器",
+    "copied": "已复制代码",
+    "inserted": "已应用到编辑器",
+    "needKey": "请先在 设置 → AI 中填写 API Key",
+    "emptyResponse": "(空响应)",
+    "noCode": "当前编辑器没有代码",
+    "noDiff": "没有检测到改动"
+  },
+  "history": {
+    "title": "执行历史",
+    "count": "共 {n} 条",
+    "refresh": "刷新",
+    "loading": "加载中...",
+    "empty": "暂无执行历史",
+    "success": "成功",
+    "fail": "失败",
+    "hasAi": "有 AI 对话",
+    "loadingMore": "加载更多...",
+    "allLoaded": "已加载全部历史",
+    "chars": "字符",
+    "aiChat": "AI 对话",
+    "askAi": "问 AI",
+    "copyOutput": "复制输出",
+    "restoreCode": "恢复代码",
+    "rerun": "重新运行",
+    "code": "代码",
+    "output": "输出",
+    "selectHint": "选择一条历史记录查看详情",
+    "clear": "清空历史",
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "noOutput": "代码执行成功 (无输出)",
+    "loadFailed": "加载执行历史失败: ",
+    "loadMoreFailed": "加载更多历史失败: ",
+    "cleared": "执行历史已清空",
+    "clearFailed": "清空执行历史失败: ",
+    "outputCopied": "输出已复制",
+    "copyFailed": "复制失败: "
+  },
+  "sql": {
+    "selectSource": "选择数据源",
+    "memoryDb": "内存数据库",
+    "fileTag": "文件",
+    "pickFile": "选择 SQLite 文件…",
+    "deleted": "(已删除)",
+    "schemaTitle": "数据库结构",
+    "schema": "结构",
+    "refresh": "刷新",
+    "searchDb": "搜索数据库…",
+    "searchTable": "搜索表 / 字段…",
+    "loading": "加载中…",
+    "noDatabase": "无数据库",
+    "noTable": "无表",
+    "copyDdl": "复制建表语句",
+    "exportCsv": "导出 CSV",
+    "preview100": "预览前 100 行",
+    "insertColumn": "插入列名：{name}",
+    "noExportData": "无数据可导出",
+    "exported": "已导出 {n} 行",
+    "exportFailed": "导出失败：",
+    "ddlUnsupported": "{db} 暂不支持一键复制建表语句",
+    "noDdl": "未获取到建表语句",
+    "ddlCopied": "已复制 {name} 的建表语句",
+    "copyFailed": "复制失败：",
+    "noResult": "无结果",
+    "execFailed": "执行失败：",
+    "resultSet": "结果集 {n} · {rows} 行",
+    "doneNoOutput": "执行完成，无输出",
+    "result": "SQL 结果",
+    "running": "运行中…",
+    "prevPage": "上一页",
+    "nextPage": "下一页",
+    "pageInfo": "第 {no} 页 · 每页 {size}",
+    "table": "表格",
+    "chart": "图表",
+    "noChartData": "无数据可绘图",
+    "pivot": "透视表",
+    "noPivotData": "无数据可透视",
+    "clear": "清空",
+    "emptyResult": "运行后在此查看 SQL 结果（数据源：{label}）",
+    "aiTitle": "用自然语言生成 SQL",
+    "aiHeading": "自然语言生成 SQL",
+    "aiPlaceholder": "描述你想查询的内容，例如：统计每天的注册用户数，按日期倒序",
+    "generating": "生成中…",
+    "generate": "生成 (⌘↵)",
+    "readingSchema": "读取结构中…",
+    "schemaAttached": "已附带数据库结构",
+    "schemaNone": "未读取到结构",
+    "noApiKey": "未配置 AI API Key，请在设置 → AI 中填写",
+    "aiNoContent": "AI 未返回内容",
+    "fields": "字段（拖拽到下方区域）",
+    "sum": "求和",
+    "count": "计数",
+    "avg": "平均",
+    "min": "最小",
+    "max": "最大",
+    "zoneRow": "行",
+    "zoneCol": "列",
+    "zoneVal": "值",
+    "hintRow": "拖入行字段",
+    "hintCol": "拖入列字段",
+    "hintVal": "拖入数值字段",
+    "total": "合计",
+    "all": "全部",
+    "pivotHint": "把字段拖到「值」即可生成透视表"
+  },
+  "about": {
+    "title": "关于 CodeForge",
+    "tagline": "CodeForge 是一款轻量级、高性能的桌面代码执行器，专为开发者、学生和编程爱好者设计。",
+    "star": "给个 Star",
+    "viewSource": "查看源码",
+    "reportIssue": "报告问题",
+    "version": "版本",
+    "buildTime": "构建时间",
+    "platform": "平台",
+    "coreFeatures": "核心功能",
+    "techStack": "技术栈",
+    "copyright": "© 2025 Devlive Community. 专为开发者打造的代码执行工具",
+    "feature1": "多语言代码执行支持",
+    "feature2": "智能语法高亮系统",
+    "feature3": "实时执行统计分析",
+    "feature4": "现代化用户界面"
+  },
+  "update": {
+    "title": "应用更新",
+    "currentVersion": "当前版本",
+    "latestVersion": "最新版本",
+    "releaseDate": "发布时间",
+    "updateSize": "更新大小",
+    "progress": "更新进度",
+    "downloadSpeed": "下载速度",
+    "releaseNotes": "更新内容",
+    "failedTitle": "更新失败",
+    "lastCheck": "上次检查",
+    "checking": "检查中...",
+    "checkUpdate": "检查更新",
+    "updateNow": "立即更新",
+    "skipVersion": "跳过此版本",
+    "statusCheckingTitle": "检查更新中",
+    "statusAvailableTitle": "发现新版本",
+    "statusDownloadingTitle": "正在下载",
+    "statusInstallingTitle": "正在安装",
+    "statusCompletedTitle": "更新完成",
+    "statusErrorTitle": "更新失败",
+    "statusDefaultTitle": "检查应用更新",
+    "statusCheckingDesc": "正在检查是否有可用的应用更新...",
+    "statusAvailableDesc": "发现新版本可用，建议您立即更新以获得最新功能和修复。",
+    "statusDownloadingDesc": "正在下载更新文件，请稍候...",
+    "statusInstallingDesc": "正在安装更新，请不要关闭应用程序...",
+    "statusCompletedDesc": "更新已成功完成，重启应用后生效。",
+    "statusErrorDesc": "更新过程中出现错误，请稍后重试或手动下载。",
+    "statusDefaultDesc": "点击检查更新按钮来查看是否有新版本可用。",
+    "prepareDownload": "准备下载...",
+    "downloadingFile": "正在下载更新文件...",
+    "installingUpdate": "正在安装更新...",
+    "completed": "更新完成"
+  },
+  "terminal": {
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "newTerminal": "新建终端",
+    "collapse": "收起终端面板（保留会话）",
+    "exited": "·已结束",
+    "processExited": "[进程已退出]",
+    "startFailed": "启动终端失败: ",
+    "tabTitle": "终端 {n}"
+  },
+  "diag": {
+    "title": "问题",
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "empty": "没有发现问题"
+  },
+  "preview": {
+    "title": "实时预览",
+    "close": "关闭预览",
+    "unsupported": "当前文件类型不支持预览（仅支持 Markdown 与 HTML）",
+    "unsupportedLabel": "不支持"
+  },
+  "largeFile": {
+    "readonly": "只读",
+    "lineCount": "共 {n} 行",
+    "range": "第 {from}–{to} 行",
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "readFailed": "读取文件行失败:"
+  },
+  "diff": {
+    "title": "差异对比",
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "subtitle": "已保存（红） → 当前（绿）",
+    "noDiff": "没有差异，内容一致",
+    "tooLarge": "（文件过大，无法显示逐行差异）"
+  },
+  "inlineGen": {
+    "editBadge": "改写选中",
+    "editPlaceholder": "描述如何修改选中的代码…",
+    "genPlaceholder": "用自然语言描述要生成的{lang}代码…",
+    "generate": "生成",
+    "regenerate": "重新生成",
+    "generating": "生成中…",
+    "resultHint": "生成结果（可编辑后插入）",
+    "cancel": "取消",
+    "insert": "插入到编辑器",
+    "footerHint": "Enter 生成结果，确认后再插入到光标处；Esc 取消",
+    "genFailed": "生成失败: "
+  },
+  "breadcrumb": {
+    "revealIn": "在访达中显示：{path}",
+    "unsaved": "有未保存的修改"
+  },
+  "snippet": {
+    "title": "代码片段",
+    "subtitle": "输入前缀后按 Tab 展开（$0 为光标落点）",
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "allLanguages": "所有语言",
+    "edit": "编辑",
+    "delete": "删除",
+    "empty": "还没有代码片段，在下方添加",
+    "prefixPlaceholder": "前缀（如 fn）",
+    "langPlaceholder": "语言（留空=所有）",
+    "descPlaceholder": "描述（可选）",
+    "bodyPlaceholder": "片段内容，$0 为展开后光标位置",
+    "saveEdit": "保存修改",
+    "addSnippet": "添加片段",
+    "cancelEdit": "取消编辑"
+  },
+  "chart": {
+    "type": "图表类型",
+    "savePreset": "存预设",
+    "savePresetTitle": "保存为预设",
+    "aiConfig": "AI 配图",
+    "aiConfigTitle": "用自然语言配图",
+    "presetNamePlaceholder": "预设名称",
+    "save": "保存",
+    "cancel": "取消",
+    "applyPreset": "套用预设：{name}",
+    "aiPlaceholder": "例如：按状态统计数量，用饼图",
+    "generating": "生成中…",
+    "generate": "生成",
+    "fields": "字段（单击选择 / 双击快速添加 / 可拖拽）",
+    "fieldTitle": "单击选择位置 / 双击快速添加 / 拖拽到下方",
+    "noColumns": "无可用列",
+    "dimsOptional": "维度（可选）",
+    "dimsAxis": "维度（首个为分类轴，其余分组）",
+    "axis": "轴",
+    "dropDims": "拖入分类列（可多个）",
+    "metricAxis": "指标（数值轴）",
+    "dropMetric": "拖入数值列",
+    "sort": "排序",
+    "topN": "显示前 N 项",
+    "all": "全部",
+    "labelValue": "数值标签",
+    "horizontal": "横向",
+    "smooth": "平滑",
+    "stacked": "堆叠",
+    "ring": "环形",
+    "fill": "填充",
+    "dualY": "双 Y 轴",
+    "exportCopy": "导出 / 复制",
+    "exportPng": "导出 PNG",
+    "exportSvg": "导出 SVG",
+    "copyImage": "复制图片",
+    "exportCsv": "导出数据 CSV",
+    "imageCopied": "图片已复制到剪贴板",
+    "copyFailed": "复制失败，当前环境可能不支持",
+    "noApiKey": "未配置 AI API Key（设置 → AI）",
+    "aiParseFail": "AI 返回无法解析或出错：",
+    "setX": "设为 X 指标",
+    "setY": "设为 Y 指标",
+    "setGroup": "设为分组",
+    "addDim": "加为维度",
+    "addMetric": "加为指标",
+    "scatterX": "X 指标（数值）",
+    "scatterY": "Y 指标（数值）",
+    "scatterGroup": "分组（可选）",
+    "dropNumeric": "拖入数值列",
+    "dropCategory": "拖入分类列",
+    "sortNone": "原始顺序",
+    "sortDesc": "降序",
+    "sortAsc": "升序",
+    "agg": {"sum": "求和", "count": "计数", "avg": "平均", "max": "最大", "min": "最小"},
+    "rootAll": "全部",
+    "boxName": "箱线",
+    "outlierName": "离群",
+    "types": {
+      "bar": "柱状图", "line": "折线图", "combo": "组合图(柱+线)", "area": "面积图", "pie": "饼图",
+      "scatter": "散点图", "radar": "雷达图", "funnel": "漏斗图", "heatmap": "热力图", "gauge": "仪表盘",
+      "sankey": "桑基图", "sunburst": "旭日图", "treemap": "矩形树图", "tree": "树图", "boxplot": "箱线图",
+      "candlestick": "K 线图", "parallel": "平行坐标", "themeriver": "主题河流", "calendar": "日历图", "rose": "玫瑰图",
+      "effectScatter": "涟漪散点图", "graph": "关系图", "polarBar": "极坐标柱状图", "pictorialBar": "象形柱图",
+      "wordcloud": "词云", "liquidFill": "水球图", "mapChina": "中国地图", "mapWorld": "世界地图"
+    },
+    "empty": {
+      "bar": "拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表", "line": "拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表",
+      "combo": "拖入「维度」和≥2 个「指标」生成组合图", "area": "拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表",
+      "pie": "拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表", "scatter": "拖入「X 指标」和「Y 指标」生成图表",
+      "radar": "拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表", "funnel": "拖入「维度」和「指标」生成图表",
+      "heatmap": "拖入两个维度和一个指标生成图表", "gauge": "拖入一个指标生成仪表盘",
+      "sankey": "拖入≥2 个维度和一个指标生成桑基图", "sunburst": "拖入维度(层级)和一个指标生成旭日图",
+      "treemap": "拖入维度(层级)和一个指标生成矩形树图", "tree": "拖入维度(层级)和一个指标生成树图",
+      "boxplot": "拖入一个维度和一个指标生成箱线图", "candlestick": "拖入一个维度和「开/收/低/高」四个指标",
+      "parallel": "拖入≥2 个指标生成平行坐标", "themeriver": "拖入两个维度(时间,类别)和一个指标生成主题河流",
+      "calendar": "拖入一个日期维度和一个指标生成日历图", "rose": "拖入「维度」和「指标」生成玫瑰图",
+      "effectScatter": "拖入「X 指标」和「Y 指标」生成涟漪散点图", "graph": "拖入两个维度(源,目标)和一个指标生成关系图",
+      "polarBar": "拖入「维度」和「指标」生成极坐标柱状图", "pictorialBar": "拖入「维度」和「指标」生成象形柱图",
+      "wordcloud": "拖入「维度」和「指标」生成词云", "liquidFill": "拖入一个指标生成水球图",
+      "mapChina": "拖入一个省份维度和一个指标生成中国地图", "mapWorld": "拖入一个国家维度和一个指标生成世界地图"
+    },
+    "note": {
+      "combo": "首个指标作柱、其余作线；可开「双 Y 轴」", "pie": "取首个维度作分类、首个指标作数值",
+      "funnel": "取首个维度作分类、首个指标作数值", "heatmap": "前两个维度作 X/Y 轴、首个指标作热力值",
+      "gauge": "仪表盘取首个指标聚合为单值", "sankey": "相邻维度按数据流连接、指标作流量",
+      "sunburst": "维度按层级嵌套、首个指标作数值", "treemap": "维度按层级嵌套、首个指标作面积",
+      "tree": "维度按层级展开、首个指标作叶子值", "boxplot": "首个维度分组、首个指标取原始分布",
+      "candlestick": "维度作类目轴、指标依次为 开/收/低/高", "parallel": "多个指标作平行轴、首个维度可选分组",
+      "themeriver": "维度1为时间、维度2为类别、指标作值", "calendar": "首个维度作日期、首个指标作值",
+      "rose": "取首个维度作扇区、首个指标作半径", "graph": "维度1为源、维度2为目标、指标作连线权重",
+      "polarBar": "维度作角度轴、指标作半径", "pictorialBar": "维度作类目轴、指标作高度(图形重复填充)",
+      "wordcloud": "首个维度作词、首个指标作权重", "liquidFill": "首个指标聚合值 ÷ 该列最大值作填充比例",
+      "mapChina": "首个维度作省份名(如「北京市」)、首个指标作值", "mapWorld": "首个维度作国家名(英文)、首个指标作值"
+    }
+  },
+  "app": {
+    "runInputToggle": "运行输入（参数 / stdin / 环境变量）",
+    "runArgs": "运行参数",
+    "runArgsPlaceholder": "空格分隔，如 --port 8080",
+    "stdin": "标准输入 (stdin)",
+    "stdinPlaceholder": "运行时喂给程序的输入",
+    "envVars": "环境变量",
+    "envVarsPlaceholder": "KEY=值，多个用 ; 分隔，如 DEBUG=1;PORT=8080",
+    "watchMode": "监听模式：保存后自动运行",
+    "codeEditor": "代码编辑器",
+    "unsaved": "有未保存的修改",
+    "aiPredicting": "AI 预测中…",
+    "ghostHint": "Tab 接受 · Esc 取消",
+    "cursorPos": "行 {line}, 列 {col}",
+    "selected": "已选",
+    "chars": "字符",
+    "lines": "行",
+    "collapseConsole": "收起控制台",
+    "runUnsavedTitle": "运行未保存的文件",
+    "runUnsavedPre": "当前文件 ",
+    "runUnsavedPost": " 有未保存的修改，如何运行？",
+    "cancel": "取消",
+    "runCopy": "运行副本(不保存)",
+    "saveAndRun": "保存并运行",
+    "aiPreviewTitle": "应用 AI 代码预览",
+    "aiPreviewSubtitle": "当前（红） → AI 建议（绿），确认后替换编辑器内容",
+    "apply": "应用",
+    "gotoDef": "跳转到定义",
+    "renameSymbol": "重命名符号",
+    "codeActionMenu": "代码操作 / 快速修复",
+    "formatDoc": "格式化文档",
+    "formatSelection": "格式化选中",
+    "untitled": "未命名",
+    "multiEngine": "该类型可用多个运行引擎，已选「{name}」，可在下拉手动切换",
+    "pathCopied": "已复制路径",
+    "copyFailed": "复制失败: ",
+    "notTextFile": "不是文本文件，无法打开",
+    "openFailed": "打开失败: ",
+    "noCodeExplain": "没有可解释的代码",
+    "noCodeTest": "没有可生成测试的代码",
+    "needApiKey": "请先在「设置 → AI」中配置 API Key",
+    "aiFormatting": "正在请求 AI 整理代码…",
+    "noAdjust": "代码无需调整",
+    "formatFailed": "格式化失败: ",
+    "aiPredictOff": "AI 代码预测已关闭",
+    "aiPredictOnNoKey": "AI 代码预测已开启，但尚未配置 API Key，请在「设置 → AI」中填写",
+    "aiPredictOn": "AI 代码预测已开启，停顿打字即可看到灰色补全，Tab 接受",
+    "aiCodeApplied": "已应用 AI 代码",
+    "openFolderFirst": "请先打开文件夹",
+    "noCodeAction": "当前位置没有可用的代码操作",
+    "actionOtherFiles": "该操作还涉及 {n} 个其它文件的修改，暂未自动应用",
+    "applyActionFailed": "应用代码操作失败: ",
+    "diffNeedSaved": "差异对比需要先打开已保存的文件",
+    "sqlFailed": "SQL 执行失败",
+    "sqlFailedColon": "SQL 执行失败: ",
+    "noSql": "没有可执行的 SQL",
+    "selectCodeFirst": "请先选中要运行的代码",
+    "historyRestored": "已恢复历史代码"
+  },
+  "toast": {
+    "opened": "已打开 {name}",
+    "openFileFailed": "打开文件失败: ",
+    "savedTo": "已保存到 {name}",
+    "saveFileFailed": "保存文件失败: ",
+    "saved": "已保存 {name}",
+    "getEditorConfigFailed": "获取编辑器配置失败 - 错误信息: ",
+    "editorConfigSaved": "编辑器配置已保存",
+    "saveEditorConfigFailed": "保存编辑器配置失败 - 错误信息: ",
+    "tabSizeRange": "缩进空格数必须在 1-8 之间",
+    "themeNotExist": "选择的主题不存在",
+    "getLanguagesFailed": "获取支持的语言失败 - 错误信息: ",
+    "getConfigFailed": "获取配置失败 - 错误信息: ",
+    "pluginConfigSaved": "{name} 配置已保存",
+    "saveConfigFailed": "保存配置失败 - 错误信息: ",
+    "langRequired": "语言不能为空",
+    "runCmdRequired": "执行命令不能为空",
+    "timeoutRange": "超时时间必须在 1-300 秒之间",
+    "envNotInstalled": "{lang} 环境未安装",
+    "runSuccess": "代码执行成功，用时 {ms} 毫秒",
+    "runFailCheckOutput": "代码执行失败，查看输出的错误信息",
+    "runFailCheckLog": "代码执行失败，请检查日志",
+    "stopping": "正在停止代码执行...",
+    "noRunningTask": "没有找到正在运行的任务",
+    "stopFailed": "停止执行失败",
+    "outputCleared": "输出已清空",
+    "runStopped": "代码执行已停止",
+    "runTimeout": "代码执行超时",
+    "runError": "代码执行出错",
+    "outRunFailed": "代码执行失败: ",
+    "outStopped": "代码执行已被用户停止",
+    "outTimeout": "代码执行超时（30秒）",
+    "outError": "执行错误: ",
+    "switchedTo": "已切换到 {name}",
+    "getLogDirFailed": "获取日志目录失败 - 错误信息: ",
+    "logDirUpdated": "日志目录已更新",
+    "logDirReset": "日志目录已重置为默认",
+    "openLogFailed": "打开日志文件失败 - 错误信息: ",
+    "logsCleanedDays": "已清理 {n} 天前的日志",
+    "keepDaysOption": "保留 {n} 天",
+    "logsCleanFailed": "清理日志失败, 错误信息: "
+  },
+  "ui": {
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "addTab": "添加标签页",
+    "empty": "暂无内容",
+    "selectPlaceholder": "请选择...",
+    "searchPlaceholder": "搜索选项...",
+    "noOptions": "无可用选项"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/main.ts b/src/main.ts
index 62718cc..5bf8df0 100644
--- a/src/main.ts
+++ b/src/main.ts
@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@ import App from './App.vue'
 import './style.css'
 import ToastPlugin from './plugins/toast'
 import { loadKvStore } from './composables/useKvStore'
-import { i18n, loadSavedLocale } from './i18n'
+import { i18n, loadLocales } from './i18n'
+import { loadDbConnections } from './composables/useDbConnections'
 
 // 先从数据库载入全部键值（替代 localStorage），再挂载应用，保证同步读取可用
 loadKvStore().finally(() => {
-    loadSavedLocale() // KV 载入后恢复界面语言
+    loadLocales() // KV 载入后合并自定义语言包并恢复界面语言
+    loadDbConnections() // 从独立表载入数据库连接（含旧 KV 数据迁移）
     createApp(App)
         .use(ToastPlugin)
         .use(i18n)
diff --git a/src/ui/Modal.vue b/src/ui/Modal.vue
index 5cf726d..ccf0aca 100644
--- a/src/ui/Modal.vue
+++ b/src/ui/Modal.vue
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
             <button v-if="closable"
                     class="text-gray-400 hover:cursor-pointer dark:hover:text-gray-200 transition-all duration-200 hover:scale-110 rounded-full p-1 hover:bg-gray-300 dark:hover:bg-gray-700"
                     @click="handleClose"
-                    :aria-label="closeButtonLabel">
+                    :aria-label="closeButtonLabel || t('ui.close')">
               <component :is="closeIcon" class="w-5 h-5"/>
             </button>
           </div>
@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import type { Component } from 'vue'
 import { computed, nextTick, onMounted, onUnmounted, ref, watch } from 'vue'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
+
+const { t } = useI18n()
 import { X } from 'lucide-vue-next'
 
 interface Props
@@ -111,7 +114,6 @@ const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
   closeOnBackdrop: true,
   closeOnEsc: true,
   closeIcon: () => X,
-  closeButtonLabel: '关闭',
   size: '2xl',
   backdrop: 'blur',
   rounded: true,
diff --git a/src/ui/Select.vue b/src/ui/Select.vue
index a953ced..329884f 100644
--- a/src/ui/Select.vue
+++ b/src/ui/Select.vue
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
         <!-- 如果是SVG URL -->
         <img v-else-if="selectedOption && getSvgUrl(selectedOption)" :src="getSvgUrl(selectedOption)" class="w-6 h-6" alt="icon"/>
 
-        <span>{{ selectedLabel || placeholder }}</span>
+        <span>{{ selectedLabel || placeholder || t('ui.selectPlaceholder') }}</span>
       </div>
       <span class="pointer-events-none absolute inset-y-0 right-0 flex items-center pr-2">
         <ChevronUpIcon class="h-5 w-5 text-gray-400 transition-transform duration-200"
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
             <input v-model="searchQuery"
                    type="text"
                    class="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 dark:bg-gray-700 dark:text-gray-100 rounded-md text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-blue-500 focus:border-blue-500"
-                   :placeholder="searchPlaceholder"
+                   :placeholder="searchPlaceholder || t('ui.searchPlaceholder')"
                    @click.stop
                    @keydown.stop
                    ref="searchInput"/>
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
 
             <!-- 无选项提示 -->
             <div v-else class="px-3 py-2 text-gray-500 text-sm">
-              {{ noOptionsText }}
+              {{ noOptionsText || t('ui.noOptions') }}
             </div>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -122,6 +122,9 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed, nextTick, onMounted, onUnmounted, ref, watch } from 'vue'
 import { CheckIcon, ChevronUpIcon } from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
+
+const { t } = useI18n()
 
 // Props 定义
 interface Option
@@ -151,11 +154,8 @@ interface Props
 }
 
 const props = withDefaults(defineProps<Props>(), {
-  placeholder: '请选择...',
   disabled: false,
   searchable: false,
-  searchPlaceholder: '搜索选项...',
-  noOptionsText: '无可用选项',
   valueKey: 'value',
   labelKey: 'label',
   buttonClasses: () => [],
diff --git a/src/ui/Tabs.vue b/src/ui/Tabs.vue
index d36ca04..db6ff89 100644
--- a/src/ui/Tabs.vue
+++ b/src/ui/Tabs.vue
@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@
               {{ tab.badge }}
             </span>
 
-            <button v-if="tab.closable && closable" @click.stop="closeTab(tab, index)" :class="closeButtonClasses" :aria-label="`关闭 ${tab.label || tab.name}`">
+            <button v-if="tab.closable && closable" @click.stop="closeTab(tab, index)" :class="closeButtonClasses" :aria-label="`${t('ui.close')} ${tab.label || tab.name}`">
               <X class="w-3 h-3"/>
             </button>
           </slot>
         </button>
 
         <!-- 添加按钮 -->
-        <button v-if="addable" @click="$emit('add')" :class="addButtonClasses" aria-label="添加标签页">
+        <button v-if="addable" @click="$emit('add')" :class="addButtonClasses" :aria-label="t('ui.addTab')">
           <Plus class="w-4 h-4"/>
         </button>
       </div>
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
           <!-- 回退到 tab.content -->
           <component v-if="tab.content" :is="tab.content"/>
           <div v-else-if="tab.html" v-html="tab.html"></div>
-          <div v-else>{{ tab.text || '暂无内容' }}</div>
+          <div v-else>{{ tab.text || t('ui.empty') }}</div>
         </slot>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -84,6 +84,9 @@
 import type { Component } from 'vue'
 import { computed, nextTick, onMounted, ref, watch } from 'vue'
 import { Plus, X } from 'lucide-vue-next'
+import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
+
+const { t } = useI18n()
 
 // Tab 接口定义
 export interface Tab