GH-49538: [C++][FlightRPC][ODBC] Use static linkage in Windows FlightSQL ODBC driver #6042

Job	Run time
check-labels / Check labels	28s
ODBC Linux	4s
ODBC release ARM64 macOS 14	5s
JNI ubuntu-24.04-arm arm64v8	4s
ODBC Windows	3s
ODBC release AMD64 macOS 15-intel	4s
JNI ubuntu-latest amd64	4s
ODBC debug AMD64 macOS 15-intel	45s
ODBC debug ARM64 macOS 14	5s
JNI macOS	22s
AMD64 Debian C++23	4s
AMD64 Ubuntu Large Memory Tests	1s
AMD64 Alpine Linux	4s
AMD64 Ubuntu Meson	3s
ARM64 Windows 11 MSVC / windows	5s
ODBC nightly	1s
ODBC release	1s
report-extra-cpp	0s
	2m 23s

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