diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/_index.md b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/_index.md
index 453d264..88f3160 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/_index.md
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/_index.md
@@ -45,6 +45,12 @@ field-level changes on top.
 | `hartley_calc` | NDIcalc-vis-matlab `calc/hartley_calc` | drafted | [hartley_calc.md](hartley_calc.md) |
 | `probe_location` | legacy NDI/DID `probe_location` (V_alpha shape) | drafted | [probe_location.md](probe_location.md) |
 | `treatment` | legacy NDI/DID `treatment` (V_alpha shape) | drafted | [treatment.md](treatment.md) |
+| `treatment` → manipulation tiers (Brainstorm E **split**) | legacy `treatment` → `injection`/`bath`/`procedural_manipulation`/`temperature_manipulation`/`environmental_manipulation` (+ out-of-tier) | drafted | [treatment.md](treatment.md) |
+| `ontology_table_row` → observation tiers (Brainstorm E **split**, 1→N) | legacy `ontology_table_row` → scalar/categorical observation property classes (+ out-of-tier) | drafted | [ontology_table_row.md](ontology_table_row.md) |
+| `subject_group` → `subject` (`is_group`) (Brainstorm E **fold**) | legacy `subject_group` → `subject` flagged `is_group` (+ `group_assignment` in NDI layer) | drafted | [subject_group.md](subject_group.md) |
+| `treatment_drug` → `injection` (`kind: drug`) (Brainstorm E **fold**) | legacy `treatment_drug` → `injection` (mixture from `mixture_table`) | drafted | [treatment_drug.md](treatment_drug.md) |
+| `virus_injection` → `injection` (`kind: virus`) (Brainstorm E **fold**) | legacy `virus_injection` → `injection` (virus+dilution in mixture) | drafted | [virus_injection.md](virus_injection.md) |
+| `treatment_transfer` → `biological_transfer` (Brainstorm E **fold**) | legacy `treatment_transfer` → `biological_transfer` (recipient→subject, donor carried) | drafted | [treatment_transfer.md](treatment_transfer.md) |
 | `ontology_image` | legacy NDI/DID `ontologyImage` (V_alpha shape) | drafted | [ontology_image.md](ontology_image.md) |
 | `ontology_label` | legacy NDI/DID `ontologyLabel` (V_alpha shape) | drafted | [ontology_label.md](ontology_label.md) |
 
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/ontology_table_row.md b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/ontology_table_row.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a91c17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/ontology_table_row.md
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+# Conversion: did_v1 → V_epsilon — `ontology_table_row` → observation tiers (Brainstorm E split)
+
+> The observation-tier companion to [`treatment.md`](treatment.md). The legacy `ontology_table_row` open key/value bag is **retired** and **split** across the Brainstorm E observation property classes (and, for non-observation rows, out of the tier). This is the genuinely **one-to-many** migration: one `ontology_table_row` document → N destination documents.
+
+## Identity
+
+- **Target tier:** V_epsilon observation families (`schemas/V_epsilon/draft/`).
+- **did_v1 source:** legacy NDI/DID `ontology_table_row` (open table of `(ontology term, value[, unit])` rows attached to a subject at a time).
+- **Status:** `drafted` — needs the 1→N migrator capability (see [Engine note](#engine-note)) and the per-term dispatch table (finalized in discovery mode).
+- **Cardinality:** **1 → N.** Each row dispatches independently; a single source document fans out to several destinations across tiers.
+
+## Summary
+
+Each row names a property (an ontology term) and a value. Brainstorm E dispatches per row by **what the property is** and **what shape its value takes**:
+- a **scalar** measurement → the matching scalar property class (`body_weight_observation`, `core_temperature_observation`, …), value as the typed composite;
+- a **categorical** label → the matching categorical property class (`developmental_stage_observation`, …), value as a bound `ontology_term`;
+- a **subject-intrinsic, set-once** fact (species, strain, sex) → **not an observation** → the `subject` document / `openminds_subject`;
+- a **relational/assigned** fact (cohort, housing, derivation source) → the relevant **event/annotation** class (`group_assignment`, `placement`, `derivation`);
+- a fact with **no minted property class yet** → the escape hatch (`generic_scalar_observation` / `generic_categorical_observation`), promoted later.
+
+## Per-row dispatch table
+
+First match wins, on the row's property term (branch) and value shape.
+
+| Row property (branch) + value shape | Destination | Mapping |
+|---|---|---|
+| Mass-dimensioned, numeric (body weight, brain/tumor mass) | `body_weight_observation` (`value : scalar_mass`) | term → `measured_property`; structure → `target_structure`; value+unit → `scalar_mass` composite |
+| Length-dimensioned | `body_length_observation` (`scalar_length`) | as above |
+| Duration / age | `age_observation` (`scalar_duration`) | |
+| Temperature | `core_temperature_observation` (`scalar_temperature`) | |
+| Frequency (heart/respiration rate) | `heart_rate_observation` / `respiration_rate_observation` (`scalar_frequency`) | |
+| Pressure (BP, IOP, partial pressure) | `blood_pressure_observation` (`scalar_pressure`) | |
+| Count (litter size, cell count) | `litter_size_observation` / `cell_count_observation` (`scalar_count`) | |
+| Score (body condition, behavioral) | `body_condition_observation` / `behavioral_score_observation` (`scalar_score`) | |
+| Concentration (glucose, cortisol, titer) | `concentration_observation` (`scalar_concentration`) | |
+| Voltage (transcribed Vm) | `membrane_potential_observation` (`scalar_voltage`) | |
+| **Scalar with no minted property class** | `generic_scalar_observation` (`generic_scalar`) | value → `{source_unit, source_value, approximate}`; promote later |
+| Categorical: developmental/life stage | `developmental_stage_observation` (life/developmental stage under `UBERON:0000105`, by convention — not schema-enforced) | term → `value`; property → `measured_property` |
+| Categorical: health status / coat / estrous / behavioral label | `health_status_observation` / `pigmentation_observation` / `estrous_stage_observation` / `behavioral_phenotype_observation` | term → `value` |
+| **Categorical with no minted property class** | `generic_categorical_observation` (free `ontology_term`, no binding) | term → `value`; promote later |
+| **Subject-intrinsic, set-once** (species, strain, sex, DOB) | **out of tier** → `subject` / `openminds_subject` (merge) | not an observation |
+| **Relational / assigned** (cohort, housing, derivation source) | **out of tier** → `group_assignment` / `placement` / `derivation` | event/annotation tiers |
+| Empty / unresolvable term | **curator review queue** (routing off) | flagged |
+
+## Common field mapping (per generated observation)
+
+| did_v1 row element | V_epsilon field | Transformation |
+|---|---|---|
+| row property term | `measured_property` (inherited from `observation`) | `ontology_term` |
+| anatomical qualifier (if any) | `target_structure` | `ontology_term[]`; else `[]` |
+| row value (+ unit) | `value` on the destination block | scalar: typed composite in the shape-mixin block (`scalar_mass`, …). categorical: bound `ontology_term` in the **concrete class's own block** (`categorical_concept.value` has `placement: concrete_class`, so `categorical_concept` contributes no block) |
+| source `subject_id` | inherited `subject_id` | identity, shared by all generated docs |
+| source time anchor | inherited `time_reference_#` | one **`session_relative_reference`** (`relation: during`, → `session` from `base.session_id`) is emitted and **shared** by all observations from the table (the whole row burst is one session); each obs `time_reference_1` points at it |
+
+## Engine note
+
+This conversion is **1 → N+1** (N observations + one shared session anchor). The 1→N capability **is implemented**: `did2.convert.v1_to_v2` (under `TargetVersion='V_epsilon'`) routes the class to `+did2.+convert.+migrators_e.ontology_table_row`, which may return a cell of bodies; the dispatcher lands each. The migrator emits one observation per row (each with a fresh `did.ido.unique_id()`), all sharing the source `subject_id` and one `session_relative_reference` anchor, and routes non-observation rows out of tier.
+
+## Worked example — a 2-row intake burst → two observations
+
+### Before (did_v1, one document, two rows)
+```json
+{
+    "document_class": { "class_name": "ontology_table_row", "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [ { "class_name": "base", "class_version": "1.0.0" } ] },
+    "depends_on": [ { "name": "subject_id", "document_id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_aabb1122ccdd3344" } ],
+    "base": { "id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_1122334455667788", "session_id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_9900aabbccddeeff",
+        "name": "intake_row", "datestamp": "2024-05-15T09:30:00.000Z" },
+    "ontology_table_row": {
+        "rows": [
+            { "ontologyName": "schema:weight", "name": "weight", "value": 22.5, "unit": "g" },
+            { "ontologyName": "uberon:0000105", "name": "life cycle stage", "value": "FBdv:00005336" }
+        ]
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### After (V_epsilon, two documents)
+```json
+[
+  {
+    "document_class": { "class_name": "body_weight_observation", "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [ { "class_name": "scalar_observation" }, { "class_name": "scalar_mass" } ] },
+    "depends_on": [
+        { "name": "subject_id",       "value": "aabb1122ccdd3344_aabb1122ccdd3344" },
+        { "name": "time_reference_1", "value": "aabb1122ccdd3344_synthesized" } ],
+    "base": { "id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_aaaa000000000001", "session_id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_9900aabbccddeeff",
+        "name": "intake_weight", "datestamp": "2024-05-15T09:30:00.000Z" },
+    "observation": { "measured_property": { "node": "schema:weight", "name": "weight" }, "target_structure": [] },
+    "scalar_mass": { "value": { "kilograms": 0.0225, "source_unit": "g", "source_value": 22.5, "approximate": false } }
+  },
+  {
+    "document_class": { "class_name": "developmental_stage_observation", "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [ { "class_name": "categorical_observation" }, { "class_name": "categorical_concept" } ] },
+    "depends_on": [
+        { "name": "subject_id",       "value": "aabb1122ccdd3344_aabb1122ccdd3344" },
+        { "name": "time_reference_1", "value": "aabb1122ccdd3344_synthesized" } ],
+    "base": { "id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_aaaa000000000002", "session_id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_9900aabbccddeeff",
+        "name": "intake_stage", "datestamp": "2024-05-15T09:30:00.000Z" },
+    "observation": { "measured_property": { "node": "uberon:0000105", "name": "life cycle stage" }, "target_structure": [] },
+    "developmental_stage_observation": { "value": { "node": "fbdv:00005336", "name": "larval stage" } }
+  }
+]
+```
+
+## Real v1 row layout (implemented)
+
+The dominant `ontology_table_row` form is **parallel char fields** — comma-separated `names`, `variable_names`, `ontology_nodes` plus a `data` struct keyed by `variable_names`. One document is one table **row**; each **column** is a measured property. The migrator splits it accordingly: column *i* → one observation (`measured_property` = `ontology_nodes[i]` + `names[i]`; value = `data.(variable_names[i])`), dispatched scalar-vs-categorical on the value type. Columns with no usable value (missing key, empty, `NaN`) are skipped. Anything whose layout still isn't recognised falls back to migrating unchanged as an `ontology_table_row` (the class exists in V_epsilon) rather than quarantining.
+
+## Open questions
+
+- **Per-term dispatch table** — the property-term → property-class map is finalized in discovery mode against real corpora (the same report-only loop as `treatment`). Terms with no minted class fall to the generic escape hatches.
+- **New `base.id` per generated doc** — N new documents need N stable ids; define the derivation (e.g. source id + row index) so re-runs are idempotent.
+- **1→N engine capability** — prerequisite; see [Engine note](#engine-note).
+
+## Cross-references
+
+- Manipulation-tier split: [`treatment.md`](treatment.md)
+- Universal renames: [`_universal_renames.md`](_universal_renames.md)
+- Design sources (ndi-next-steps): `Scalar_Observation_Proposal.md`, `Categorical_Observation_Proposal.md`, `20260615/Brainstorm_E_Class_Catalog.md` §3, `Pulakat_Datatype_Homes.md`.
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/subject_group.md b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/subject_group.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e77f3df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/subject_group.md
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# `subject_group` → `subject` (`is_group: true`)  [Brainstorm E]
+
+Status: **drafted**
+
+`subject_group` is **deprecated** in V_epsilon (see `V_epsilon_SPEC.md`,
+"Deprecated / folded" table). A group of subjects is modeled as a
+`subject` flagged `is_group: true`, and membership becomes
+`group_assignment` events.
+
+## Mapping (per document, 1 → 1)
+
+| did_v1 `subject_group` | V_epsilon `subject` | Transformation |
+|---|---|---|
+| (class) `subject_group` | (class) `subject`, `is_group: true` | class fold |
+| `subject_group.group_name` (optional; absent in v1 corpus) | `subject.local_identifier` | char copy |
+| `subject_group.description` (optional) | `subject.description` | char copy |
+| — | `subject.is_biological` | `false` (a group is not a biological individual) |
+| `base.*` | `base.*` | carried unchanged (same document id) |
+
+The legacy `subject_group` document is an (essentially empty) marker; it
+carries **no members** — membership is expressed by member subjects
+referencing the group. So the per-document migration produces only the
+group `subject`.
+
+## Membership → `group_assignment` (relational, NDI layer)
+
+In V_epsilon, member→group membership is event-sourced as `group_assignment`
+annotations (member `subject_id` + `group_id`). **However, did_v1 does not
+record group membership anywhere**: the `subject_group` body is empty and no
+v1 document depends on a `subject_group` (verified across the did_v1 document
+set). There is therefore **no v1 source to migrate into `group_assignment`**
+— synthesizing edges would invent data. The migration is complete with the
+group `subject` alone; `group_assignment` is a forward-looking class for
+newly authored data, not a migration target. If a specific corpus turns out
+to encode membership out-of-band (e.g., a lab-specific table), that becomes
+a targeted, corpus-specific NDI-layer pass at that time.
+
+## Engine
+
+Routed by `did2.convert.v1_to_v2` under `TargetVersion='V_epsilon'` to
+`+did2/+convert/+migrators_e/subject_group.m`. A 1 → 1 fold; the default
+`V_delta` target is unaffected (it keeps `subject_group` as-is).
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/treatment.md b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/treatment.md
index 5929481..42f2d56 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/treatment.md
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/treatment.md
@@ -1,187 +1,108 @@
-# Conversion: did_v1 → V_delta — `treatment`
+# Conversion: did_v1 → V_epsilon — `treatment` → manipulation tiers (Brainstorm E split)
+
+> **Supersedes the conservative class-preserving `treatment` → V_delta `treatment` conversion** (kept in git history). Under Brainstorm E the legacy `treatment` catch-all is **retired** and **split** across the manipulation tier (and, for non-manipulation rows, out of the tier entirely). This doc is the dispatch spec for that split. Companion: [`ontology_table_row.md`](ontology_table_row.md) (the observation-tier split).
 
 ## Identity
 
-- **V_delta `class_name`:** `treatment`
-- **V_delta tier:** `stable`
-- **V_delta schema path:** `schemas/V_delta/stable/treatment.json`
-- **did_v1 source:** legacy NDI/DID `treatment` document type
-  (`_classname: "treatment"`). Schema-shape ancestor in this repository
-  is `schemas/V_alpha/treatment.json`; `schemas/V_beta/treatment.json`
-  is the same shape with naming-convention housekeeping applied
-  (`ontologyName` → `ontology_name`).
-- **Status:** `drafted`
+- **Target tier:** V_epsilon manipulation families (`schemas/V_epsilon/draft/`).
+- **did_v1 source:** legacy NDI/DID `treatment` (`_classname: "treatment"`; shape ancestor `schemas/V_alpha/treatment.json`). Fields: `treatment.ontologyName` + `treatment.name` (ontology identity), `treatment.numeric_value` (matrix), `treatment.string_value` (char); `depends_on`: `subject_id`, `manipulation_id`, `protocol_id`.
+- **Status:** `drafted` (dispatch table seeded from real corpora; per-term branch list finalized in discovery mode — see [Open questions](#open-questions)).
+- **Cardinality:** **1 → 1** in the common case (one `treatment` → one manipulation document), **1 → 2** when a recognizable `numeric_value` spawns a companion `scalar_observation`. Genuinely-not-a-manipulation rows route **out of tier** (1 → 1 into observation/annotation/session metadata).
 
 ## Summary
 
-`treatment` records a treatment applied to a subject (drug, stimulation,
-etc.) keyed by ontology term and carrying an optional numeric value and
-an optional free-form string value. did_v1 stored the ontology identity
-as a pair of `char` fields (`ontologyName` + `name`); V_delta collapses
-those into a single `treatment_name` field of the `ontology_term`
-composite type. The `numeric_value` and `string_value` fields carry over
-unchanged.
-
-## Field mapping
-
-Beyond these fields, the universal renames listed in
-[`_universal_renames.md`](_universal_renames.md) apply (snake-case
-ontology-annotation reshape, superclass-reference reshape, class-scoped
-property block keyed by `treatment`).
-
-| did_v1 field | V_delta field | Transformation | Notes |
-|---|---|---|---|
-| `treatment.ontologyName` (char) | `treatment.treatment_name.node` | composed into `ontology_term`; snake-case rename of the carrier field | CURIE. See "Transformations in detail". |
-| `treatment.name` (char) | `treatment.treatment_name.name` | composed into `ontology_term` | Human-readable label snapshot. |
-| — | `treatment.treatment_name` (ontology_term) | new composite field | Created by composing the two did_v1 chars above. |
-| `treatment.numeric_value` (matrix) | `treatment.numeric_value` (matrix) | identity | |
-| `treatment.string_value` (char) | `treatment.string_value` (char) | identity | |
-| `depends_on[subject_id]` | `depends_on[subject_id]` | identity | |
-| `depends_on[manipulation_id]` | `depends_on[manipulation_id]` | identity | |
-| `depends_on[protocol_id]` | `depends_on[protocol_id]` | identity | |
-
-## Transformations in detail
-
-- **Collapse two coordinated chars into one `ontology_term`.** did_v1's
-  `ontologyName` (the ontology CURIE-or-name) and `name` (the
-  human-readable label) merge into V_delta's `treatment_name` composite:
-
-      treatment_name = {
-          "node": <did_v1 treatment.ontologyName>,
-          "name": <did_v1 treatment.name>
-      }
-
-  This is the same merge rule as `probe_location` (see
-  [`probe_location.md`](probe_location.md)); the *carrier* field is
-  renamed from `<class>.name` to `<class>.treatment_name` so it does
-  not collide with `base.name`. (Under V_delta's class-scoped property
-  blocks, `base.name` and `treatment.name` would in principle be
-  distinct, but renaming the carrier here makes the migrated documents
-  easier to read and matches the V_gamma `class_version: 2.0.0` shape
-  the V_delta schemas inherit — see `V_gamma_notes.md` § "Class-version
-  bumps".)
-
-- **camelCase → snake_case of the source field name.** did_v1's
-  `ontologyName` is camelCase; the V_beta-era housekeeping snake-cased
-  field names. The migrator reads the value from either spelling and
-  writes it to `treatment_name.node`. See
-  [`_universal_renames.md`](_universal_renames.md) for the
-  cross-cutting snake_case rule.
-
-- **`numeric_value` and `string_value` are identity passes.** Both are
-  declared identically in did_v1 and V_delta (matrix and char,
-  respectively). No type or semantic change.
-
-- **Document-instance shape.** V_delta uses class-scoped property
-  blocks. The three carrier fields live at `treatment.treatment_name`,
-  `treatment.numeric_value`, `treatment.string_value`.
+A `treatment` row carries an ontology identity + an optional number + optional prose. Brainstorm E reads that identity and dispatches the row to the manipulation family whose **action** it names — substance delivery → `injection`/`bath`; physical operation on the body → `procedural_manipulation`; imposed typed quantity → a `scalar_manipulation` (e.g. `temperature_manipulation`); changed condition/regime → `environmental_manipulation` — with focal-vs-ambient and structure carried as **data** (`target_structure`), not as classes. Rows that are not manipulations at all (date of birth, experiment time) are routed out of the manipulation tier.
+
+## Dispatch table (on `treatment.ontologyName` branch)
+
+First match wins; resolved against the term's ontology branch, not a string match.
+
+| `ontologyName` branch | Destination class | Key field mapping |
+|---|---|---|
+| Drug / vehicle / virus / tracer / contrast **delivered by injection** (CHEBI drug branch; OBI injection) | **`injection`** (← `pharmacological_manipulation`) | identity → `mixture` agent; `numeric_value` (if volume) → `volume`; route/coords → curator backfill; `kind` ∈ {drug,virus,tracer,vehicle,contrast} |
+| Substance applied **as a bath** | **`bath`** / **`stimulus_bath`** | identity → `mixture`; `location` from prose/backfill |
+| Surgical / minor physical **operation on the body** (OBI/NCIT procedure branch — craniotomy, implant, lesion, eye-opening, ear-notch, perfusion) | **`procedural_manipulation`** | identity → `procedure`; structure → `target_structure`; prose → `notes` |
+| **Heating / cooling** (thermal) | **`temperature_manipulation`** (← `scalar_manipulation`, `scalar_temperature`) | identity → `applied_property`; thermal `numeric_value` → `value` (typed temperature); focal site → `target_structure` (empty ⇒ ambient) |
+| Other **imposed typed quantity** (applied pressure/force, field, frequency) | matching `scalar_manipulation` subclass (`pressure_manipulation`, …) or `generic_scalar_manipulation` | identity → `applied_property`; `numeric_value` → `value` |
+| **Environmental / husbandry / behavioral regime** with no typed value (dark rearing, deprivation regime, social isolation, enrichment, light cycle, diet/water restriction, training) | **`environmental_manipulation`** | identity → `factor`; structure (lateralized) → `target_structure`; prose → `notes`; duration → bounded `time_reference` |
+| **Not a manipulation** (`Treatment: Date of birth`, `Treatment: Non-survival experiment time`, …) | **out of tier** → `age_observation`/`categorical_observation` (DOB) or session metadata/annotation | per [`ontology_table_row.md`](ontology_table_row.md) routing |
+| Empty / unresolvable `ontologyName` | **curator review queue** (default routing **off**) | flagged, never silently forced into a residual family |
+
+### Edge cases captured from real corpora
+
+- **`string_value` carrying an ontology target, not prose** (the `Dab` treeshrew optogenetic-tetanus rows: `ontologyName = EMPTY:0000074`, `name = "…Target Location"`, `string_value = UBERON CURIE`). Route `string_value` → **`target_structure`** (as `ontology_term`), strip the "Target Location" role-suffix from the procedure/action name, register an NDIC term for the `EMPTY:` placeholder (curator backfill until then). Detection rule: `name` ends in "Target Location" **and/or** `string_value` matches a CURIE pattern.
+- **`numeric_value` → companion observation.** A recognizable typed quantity that is *measured*, not the manipulation's own payload (e.g. a training-exposure duration), becomes a companion `scalar_observation` sharing `subject_id` + `time_reference`. Unrecognizable numbers are **flagged, never silently kept** (the `numeric_value` grab-bag is exactly what E retires).
+
+## Common field mapping (all manipulation destinations)
+
+| did_v1 field | V_epsilon field | Transformation |
+|---|---|---|
+| `treatment.ontologyName` + `treatment.name` | the family identity slot (`procedure` / `factor` / `applied_property`; or `mixture` agent) | collapse the two chars into one `ontology_term` (same merge rule as `probe_location`), then place per the dispatch table |
+| `treatment.numeric_value` | typed `value` **or** companion `scalar_observation` **or** flagged | per dispatch; thermal/pressure/etc. → typed `value`; measured quantity → companion; else flag |
+| `treatment.string_value` | `notes` (prose) **or** `target_structure` (Dab case) | default prose → `notes`; CURIE/Target-Location → `target_structure` |
+| `depends_on[subject_id]` | inherited `subject_id` | identity |
+| — | inherited `time_reference_#` | **emits a `session_relative_reference`** document (`relation: during`, `depends_on session_id → session` from `base.session_id`) and points `time_reference_1` at it. v1 treatment rows have no epoch and (often) no UTC date, so the honest anchor is ordinal-against-the-session; `during` is the universal fallback (the act happened within the session), `at_end_of` reserved for known-terminal cases. Makes the migration **1 → 2**. |
+| `depends_on[manipulation_id]` | — | **dropped** (stale in v1) |
+| `depends_on[protocol_id]` | — | **dropped + flagged** for the tier-level `protocol_id` commonality (issue #8 Option C / #10) |
 
 ## Default values for new fields
 
-V_delta introduces no required field on this class beyond what did_v1
-documents already supply. The global `schema_version` tag lives at
-`document_class.schema_version` (see `_universal_renames.md` § 10) and
-is set to `"V_delta"` by the dispatcher rather than the per-class
-migrator.
+- `target_structure`: `[]` (empty ⇒ whole-subject/ambient) unless recoverable.
+- `kind` (injection): inferred from the agent branch where possible; else curator backfill.
+- `time_reference_#`: synthesized; required, so the migrator must produce at least one (a point-in-time reference anchored to the session) and flag for widening.
 
-## Worked example
+## Worked example — thermal `treatment` → `temperature_manipulation`
 
 ### Before (did_v1)
-
 ```json
 {
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "treatment",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            { "class_name": "base", "class_version": "1.0.0" }
-        ]
-    },
+    "document_class": { "class_name": "treatment", "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [ { "class_name": "base", "class_version": "1.0.0" } ] },
     "depends_on": [
         { "name": "subject_id",      "document_id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_aabb1122ccdd3344" },
         { "name": "manipulation_id", "document_id": "" },
-        { "name": "protocol_id",     "document_id": "" }
+        { "name": "protocol_id",     "document_id": "ccdd_protocol" }
     ],
-    "base": {
-        "id":         "aabb1122ccdd3344_1122334455667788",
-        "session_id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_9900aabbccddeeff",
-        "name":       "isoflurane_induction",
-        "datestamp":  "2024-06-01T12:00:00.000Z"
-    },
-    "treatment": {
-        "ontologyName":  "chebi:6015",
-        "name":          "isoflurane",
-        "numeric_value": [2.0],
-        "string_value":  "2 percent in O2"
-    }
+    "base": { "id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_1122334455667788", "session_id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_9900aabbccddeeff",
+        "name": "v1_cooling", "datestamp": "2024-06-01T12:00:00.000Z" },
+    "treatment": { "ontologyName": "ndic:0000nnnn", "name": "focal cortical cooling",
+        "numeric_value": [12.0], "string_value": "Peltier, V1" }
 }
 ```
 
-### After (V_delta)
-
+### After (V_epsilon)
 ```json
 {
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "treatment",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            { "class_name": "base", "class_version": "1.0.0" }
-        ]
-    },
+    "document_class": { "class_name": "temperature_manipulation", "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [ { "class_name": "scalar_manipulation" }, { "class_name": "scalar_temperature" } ] },
     "depends_on": [
-        { "name": "subject_id",      "document_id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_aabb1122ccdd3344" },
-        { "name": "manipulation_id", "document_id": "" },
-        { "name": "protocol_id",     "document_id": "" }
+        { "name": "subject_id",       "value": "aabb1122ccdd3344_aabb1122ccdd3344" },
+        { "name": "time_reference_1", "value": "aabb1122ccdd3344_synthesized" }
     ],
-    "base": {
-        "id":         "aabb1122ccdd3344_1122334455667788",
-        "session_id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_9900aabbccddeeff",
-        "name":       "isoflurane_induction",
-        "datestamp":  "2024-06-01T12:00:00.000Z"
+    "base": { "id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_1122334455667788", "session_id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_9900aabbccddeeff",
+        "name": "v1_cooling", "datestamp": "2024-06-01T12:00:00.000Z" },
+    "scalar_manipulation": {
+        "applied_property": { "node": "ndic:0000nnnn", "name": "focal cortical cooling" },
+        "target_structure": [ { "node": "uberon:0002436", "name": "primary visual cortex" } ],
+        "notes": "Peltier, V1"
     },
-    "treatment": {
-        "treatment_name": {
-            "node": "chebi:6015",
-            "name": "isoflurane"
-        },
-        "numeric_value": [2.0],
-        "string_value":  "2 percent in O2"
-    }
+    "scalar_temperature": { "value": { "celsius": 12.0, "source_unit": "°C", "source_value": 12.0, "approximate": false } }
 }
 ```
+(`target_structure` here was recovered from `string_value`; `protocol_id`/`manipulation_id` dropped; `time_reference` synthesized.)
 
 ## File handling
 
-This document type does not reference files. The generic file-handling
-rules in [`_files.md`](_files.md) do not apply.
+`treatment` references no files. [`_files.md`](_files.md) does not apply.
 
 ## Open questions
 
-- **TODO-domain:** what is the canonical CURIE prefix family for
-  treatments? Drugs typically resolve under `chebi:` or `drugbank:`;
-  stimulation protocols may not have a single canonical source. The
-  V_delta schema's `ontology` slot for `treatment_name` is `null`,
-  leaving the choice to documents.
-- **TODO-domain:** `numeric_value` is a matrix and `mustBeScalar:
-  false`. Confirm whether did_v1 documents in the wild ever carry
-  multi-element matrices here, or only scalars / 1-element arrays. The
-  migrator should pass the value through unchanged in either case, but
-  knowing the shape distribution affects downstream tooling
-  assumptions.
-- **TODO-domain:** the relationship between `numeric_value` /
-  `string_value` and `treatment_name` is not enforced (any of the
-  three can be empty). Confirm whether the V1 freeze should add a
-  semantic constraint (at least one non-empty), or leave it to
-  consumer policy.
+- **Per-term branch list.** The dispatch table is branch-level; the concrete `ontologyName` → destination mapping per corpus is finalized in **discovery mode** (run the corpus through the converter, read the quarantine/review report, extend the branch list). Report-only before any rewrite.
+- **`time_reference` synthesis fidelity.** What session/epoch anchor each corpus exposes; bounded vs point default per family.
+- **`protocol_id` carryover.** Dropped now; belongs to the tier-level commonality decision (#8 Option C / #10).
 
 ## Cross-references
 
-- General file-handling rules: [`_files.md`](_files.md)
-- Universal did_v1 → V_delta renames: [`_universal_renames.md`](_universal_renames.md)
-- V_delta schema file: [`schemas/V_delta/stable/treatment.json`](../../stable/treatment.json)
-- Related conversions that follow the same two-char-to-`ontology_term`
-  pattern: [`probe_location.md`](probe_location.md),
-  [`ontology_image.md`](ontology_image.md),
-  [`ontology_label.md`](ontology_label.md)
-- Subclass: `treatment_drug` (still at `class_version: 1.0.0`; this
-  conversion doc's rules apply to its `treatment` block).
+- Observation-tier split: [`ontology_table_row.md`](ontology_table_row.md)
+- Universal renames: [`_universal_renames.md`](_universal_renames.md)
+- Design sources (ndi-next-steps): `Procedural_Manipulation_Proposal.md`, `Environmental_Manipulation_Proposal.md`, `Scalar_Manipulation_Proposal.md`, `Injection_Proposal.md`, `Bath_Proposal.md`, `20260615/Brainstorm_E_Class_Catalog.md` §4.
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/treatment_drug.md b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/treatment_drug.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13ef0d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/treatment_drug.md
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# `treatment_drug` → `injection` (`kind: "drug"`)  [Brainstorm E]
+
+Status: **drafted**
+
+`treatment_drug` is **deprecated** in V_epsilon and folds into `injection`
+(a `pharmacological_manipulation`).
+
+## Mapping (per document, 1 → 2)
+
+| did_v1 `treatment_drug` | V_epsilon | Transformation |
+|---|---|---|
+| (class) `treatment_drug` | (class) `injection`, `injection.kind = "drug"` | class fold |
+| `mixture_table` (CSV) | `pharmacological_manipulation.mixture[]` (`{chemical, amount}`) | best-effort CSV parse; ≥1 record (blank if unparseable) |
+| `location_ontologyNode` / `location_name` | `injection.target_structure[]` | ontology_term |
+| `administration_*` times | (timing) | ordinal `session_relative_reference` (`during`) for now; UTC/event refinement is a follow-up |
+| `subject_id` | `subject_id` | carried |
+| `base.*` | `base.*` | carried (same id) |
+
+The second emitted document is the shared `session_relative_reference`
+anchor (`subject_interaction` requires a `time_reference`).
+
+`injection.volume` / `injection.route` are required but absent in v1; they
+are emitted as blank composites (curator-fillable). Branch/field mapping is
+a **heuristic seed**, finalised in discovery mode.
+
+## Engine
+Routed by `did2.convert.v1_to_v2` under `TargetVersion='V_epsilon'` to
+`+did2/+convert/+migrators_e/treatment_drug.m`. Default `V_delta` target is
+unaffected.
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/treatment_transfer.md b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/treatment_transfer.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..418386b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/treatment_transfer.md
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# `treatment_transfer` → `biological_transfer`  [Brainstorm E]
+
+Status: **drafted**
+
+`treatment_transfer` is **deprecated** in V_epsilon and folds into
+`biological_transfer` (a `procedural_manipulation`).
+
+## Mapping (per document, 1 → 2)
+
+| did_v1 `treatment_transfer` | V_epsilon | Transformation |
+|---|---|---|
+| (class) `treatment_transfer` | (class) `biological_transfer` | class fold |
+| `recipient_id` (depends_on) | `subject_id` | the recipient is the subject |
+| `donor_id` (depends_on) | `biological_transfer` donor dependency (`donor_id`) | carried |
+| `entity_ontologyNode` / `entity_name` | `biological_transfer.entity` | ontology_term |
+| `method_ontologyNode` / `method_name` | `procedural_manipulation.procedure` | ontology_term |
+| `method_name` | `biological_transfer.kind` | char (fallback `"transfer"`) |
+| `timestamp` / `clocktype` | (timing) | ordinal `session_relative_reference` (`during`) for now; UTC/event refinement is a follow-up |
+| `base.*` | `base.*` | carried (same id) |
+
+The second emitted document is the shared `session_relative_reference`
+anchor (`subject_interaction` requires a `time_reference`).
+
+## Engine
+Routed by `did2.convert.v1_to_v2` under `TargetVersion='V_epsilon'` to
+`+did2/+convert/+migrators_e/treatment_transfer.m`. Default `V_delta`
+target is unaffected.
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/virus_injection.md b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/virus_injection.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7b95dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/conversions/from_did_v1/virus_injection.md
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# `virus_injection` → `injection` (`kind: "virus"`)  [Brainstorm E]
+
+Status: **drafted**
+
+`virus_injection` is **deprecated** in V_epsilon and folds into `injection`
+(a `pharmacological_manipulation`). Serotype/identity ride in the mixture
+ontology term; dilution rides in its concentration amount.
+
+## Mapping (per document, 1 → 2)
+
+| did_v1 `virus_injection` | V_epsilon | Transformation |
+|---|---|---|
+| (class) `virus_injection` | (class) `injection`, `injection.kind = "virus"` | class fold |
+| `virus_OntologyName` / `virus_name` | `mixture[1].chemical` | ontology_term |
+| `dilution` | `mixture[1].amount` | concentration (`source_value`, `source_unit="dilution"`) |
+| `diluent_OntologyName` / `diluent_name` | `mixture[2].chemical` (if named) | ontology_term |
+| `virusLocation_OntologyName` / `virusLocation_name` | `injection.target_structure[]` | ontology_term |
+| `virus_AdministrationDate` / `virus_AdministrationPND` | (timing) | ordinal `session_relative_reference` (`during`) for now; UTC/developmental refinement is a follow-up |
+| `subject_id` | `subject_id` | carried |
+| `base.*` | `base.*` | carried (same id) |
+
+The second emitted document is the shared `session_relative_reference`
+anchor. `injection.volume` / `route` are emitted blank (curator-fillable).
+
+## Engine
+Routed by `did2.convert.v1_to_v2` under `TargetVersion='V_epsilon'` to
+`+did2/+convert/+migrators_e/virus_injection.m`. Default `V_delta` target
+is unaffected.
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/concentration_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/concentration_observation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 5503fe4..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/concentration_observation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "concentration_observation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "concentration",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The measured scalar quantity as a typed concentration composite.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/count_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/count_observation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 2058148..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/count_observation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "count_observation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "count",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "value": 0,
-                "unit": {
-                    "node": "",
-                    "name": ""
-                },
-                "approximate": false
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "value": 0,
-                "unit": {
-                    "node": "",
-                    "name": ""
-                },
-                "approximate": false
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The measured scalar quantity as a typed count composite.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/duration_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/duration_observation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index a391afb..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/duration_observation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "duration_observation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "duration",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The measured scalar quantity as a typed duration composite.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/frequency_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/frequency_manipulation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 9b93266..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/frequency_manipulation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "frequency_manipulation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_manipulation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "frequency",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The imposed frequency magnitude.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/frequency_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/frequency_observation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index ec858fe..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/frequency_observation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "frequency_observation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "frequency",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The measured scalar quantity as a typed frequency composite.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/generic_scalar_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/generic_scalar_observation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index e5baca6..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/generic_scalar_observation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "generic_scalar_observation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "structure",
-            "blank_value": {},
-            "default_value": {},
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "Escape-hatch scalar value when no typed composite exists yet (source_unit/source_value only).",
-            "constraints": {},
-            "fields": [
-                {
-                    "name": "source_unit",
-                    "type": "char",
-                    "blank_value": "",
-                    "default_value": "",
-                    "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-                    "mustBeScalar": true,
-                    "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-                    "queryable": true,
-                    "ontology": null,
-                    "documentation": "Source unit as recorded.",
-                    "constraints": {}
-                },
-                {
-                    "name": "source_value",
-                    "type": "double",
-                    "blank_value": 0.0,
-                    "default_value": 0.0,
-                    "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-                    "mustBeScalar": true,
-                    "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-                    "queryable": true,
-                    "ontology": null,
-                    "documentation": "Source value as recorded.",
-                    "constraints": {}
-                },
-                {
-                    "name": "approximate",
-                    "type": "boolean",
-                    "blank_value": false,
-                    "default_value": false,
-                    "mustBeNonEmpty": false,
-                    "mustBeScalar": true,
-                    "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-                    "queryable": true,
-                    "ontology": null,
-                    "documentation": "True if the value is a rough estimate.",
-                    "constraints": {}
-                }
-            ]
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/length_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/length_observation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index ce3c13f..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/length_observation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "length_observation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "length",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The measured scalar quantity as a typed length composite.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/mass_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/mass_observation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 79aef2b..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/mass_observation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "mass_observation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "mass",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The measured scalar quantity as a typed mass composite.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/pressure_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/pressure_manipulation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index bb1c5a0..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/pressure_manipulation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "pressure_manipulation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_manipulation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "pressure",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The imposed pressure magnitude.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/pressure_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/pressure_observation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 9545bbd..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/pressure_observation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "pressure_observation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "pressure",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The measured scalar quantity as a typed pressure composite.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/score_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/score_observation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 7756bbb..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/score_observation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "score_observation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "score",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "value": 0.0,
-                "scale": {
-                    "node": "",
-                    "name": ""
-                },
-                "scale_min": 0.0,
-                "scale_max": 0.0,
-                "approximate": false
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "value": 0.0,
-                "scale": {
-                    "node": "",
-                    "name": ""
-                },
-                "scale_min": 0.0,
-                "scale_max": 0.0,
-                "approximate": false
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The measured scalar quantity as a typed score composite.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/temperature_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/temperature_manipulation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 76e23eb..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/temperature_manipulation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "temperature_manipulation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_manipulation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "temperature",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The imposed temperature magnitude (canonical 'celsius').",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/temperature_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/temperature_observation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index bbfe670..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/temperature_observation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "temperature_observation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "temperature",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The measured scalar quantity as a typed temperature composite.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/volume_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/volume_observation.json
deleted file mode 100644
index f59e761..0000000
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/volume_observation.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "volume_observation",
-        "class_version": "1.0.0",
-        "superclasses": [
-            {
-                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
-            }
-        ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
-    },
-    "depends_on": [],
-    "file": [],
-    "fields": [
-        {
-            "name": "value",
-            "type": "volume",
-            "blank_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "default_value": {
-                "approximate": false,
-                "source_unit": "",
-                "source_value": 0.0
-            },
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
-            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
-            "queryable": true,
-            "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The measured scalar quantity as a typed volume composite.",
-            "constraints": {}
-        }
-    ]
-}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/examples/core_temperature_observation_series.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/examples/core_temperature_observation_series.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a327bce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/examples/core_temperature_observation_series.json
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "core_temperature_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            { "class_name": "scalar_observation" },
+            { "class_name": "scalar_temperature" }
+        ]
+    },
+    "depends_on": [
+        { "name": "subject_id", "value": "aabb1122ccdd3344_aabb1122ccdd3344" },
+        { "name": "time_reference_1", "value": "aabb1122ccdd3344_1100220033004400" }
+    ],
+    "base": {
+        "id":         "aabb1122ccdd3344_1122334455667788",
+        "session_id": "aabb1122ccdd3344_9900aabbccddeeff",
+        "name":       "mouse042_cooling_curve",
+        "datestamp":  "2024-06-01T12:00:00.000Z"
+    },
+    "observation": {
+        "measured_property": { "node": "ncit:C174446", "name": "core body temperature" },
+        "target_structure": []
+    },
+    "scalar_observation": {
+        "sample_time": [
+            { "seconds": 0,    "source_unit": "min", "source_value": 0,  "approximate": false },
+            { "seconds": 600,  "source_unit": "min", "source_value": 10, "approximate": false },
+            { "seconds": 1200, "source_unit": "min", "source_value": 20, "approximate": false }
+        ]
+    },
+    "scalar_temperature": {
+        "value": [
+            { "celsius": 37.1, "source_unit": "°C", "source_value": 37.1, "approximate": false },
+            { "celsius": 36.4, "source_unit": "°C", "source_value": 36.4, "approximate": false },
+            { "celsius": 35.0, "source_unit": "°C", "source_value": 35.0, "approximate": false }
+        ]
+    }
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/index.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/index.json
index 5a454db..af5b18a 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/index.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/index.json
@@ -1,2111 +1,2444 @@
 {
-  "set_version": "V_epsilon",
-  "schema_version_value": "V_epsilon",
-  "based_on": "V_delta",
-  "tiers": [
-    "stable",
-    "draft",
-    "deprecated"
-  ],
-  "legacy_schema_version_values": [
-    "did_v1",
-    "V_delta"
-  ],
-  "notes": "Source of truth for class_name uniqueness and tier placement. V_epsilon implements the subject_interaction redesign (observation/manipulation/annotation families, time_reference family, dataseries bodies, reference/expression bodies) as draft/ additions, deprecates the treatment family and virus_injection/subject_group, and re-scopes stimulus_approach/stimulus_bath. Resolution-by-class_name only.",
-  "schemas": [
-    {
-      "class_name": "CURIE_lookups_meta",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": null,
-      "maturity_level": null,
-      "superclasses": [],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/CURIE_lookups_meta.json",
-      "is_meta": true
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "annotation",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "subject_interaction"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/annotation.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "app",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/app.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "base",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/base.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "bath",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "pharmacological_manipulation"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/bath.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "binaryseries_parameters",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/binaryseries_parameters.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "binnedspikeratevm",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/binnedspikeratevm.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "biological_transfer",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "procedural_manipulation"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/biological_transfer.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "calculator",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base",
-        "app"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/calculator.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "categorical_observation",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "observation"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/categorical_observation.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "concentration_observation",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "scalar_observation"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/concentration_observation.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "contrast_sensitivity_calc",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base",
-        "calculator"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/contrast_sensitivity_calc.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "contrast_tuning",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/contrast_tuning.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "contrast_tuning_calc",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base",
-        "contrast_tuning",
-        "tuning_fit"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/contrast_tuning_calc.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "control_stimulus_ids",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base",
-        "app"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/control_stimulus_ids.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "count_observation",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "scalar_observation"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/count_observation.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "daqmetadatareader",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqmetadatareader.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "daqmetadatareader_epochdata_ingested",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base",
-        "epochid"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqmetadatareader_epochdata_ingested.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "daqreader",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqreader.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "daqreader_epochdata_ingested",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqreader_epochdata_ingested.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "daqreader_mfdaq_epochdata_ingested",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base",
-        "daqreader_epochdata_ingested",
-        "epochid"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqreader_mfdaq_epochdata_ingested.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "daqreader_ndr",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base",
-        "daqreader"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqreader_ndr.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "daqsystem",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqsystem.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "dataseries_channel_map",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/dataseries_channel_map.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "dataseries_data",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/dataseries_data.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "dataseries_observation",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "observation"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/dataseries_observation.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "dataseries_pyramid",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base",
-        "epochid"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/dataseries_pyramid.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "dataset_remote",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/dataset_remote.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "dataset_session_info",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/dataset_session_info.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "demo_ndi",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/demo_ndi.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "demo_ndi_mock",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/demo_ndi_mock.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "derivation",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "manipulation"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/derivation.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "did_schema_meta",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": null,
-      "maturity_level": null,
-      "superclasses": [],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/did_schema_meta.json",
-      "is_meta": true
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "directory",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/directory.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
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-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base",
-        "temporal_frequency_tuning",
-        "tuning_fit"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/temporal_frequency_tuning_calc.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "time_reference",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/time_reference.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "timeseries_data",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "dataseries_data"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/timeseries_data.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "timeseries_data_binary",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "timeseries_data"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/timeseries_data_binary.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "timeseries_data_csv",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "timeseries_data"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/timeseries_data_csv.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "timeseries_data_edf",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "timeseries_data"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/timeseries_data_edf.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "timeseries_observation",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "dataseries_observation"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/timeseries_observation.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "treatment",
-      "tier": "deprecated",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "deprecated",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/deprecated/treatment.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "treatment_drug",
-      "tier": "deprecated",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "deprecated",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/deprecated/treatment_drug.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "treatment_transfer",
-      "tier": "deprecated",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "deprecated",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/deprecated/treatment_transfer.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "tuning_fit",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "calculator"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/tuning_fit.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "tuningcurve_calc",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base",
-        "calculator",
-        "stimulus_tuningcurve"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/tuningcurve_calc.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "utc_reference",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "time_reference"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/utc_reference.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "valid_interval",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/valid_interval.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "virus_injection",
-      "tier": "deprecated",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "deprecated",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/deprecated/virus_injection.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "vmneuralresponseresiduals",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/vmneuralresponseresiduals.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "vmspikefilteringparameters",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/vmspikefilteringparameters.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "vmspikefit",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/vmspikefit.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "vmspikesummary",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/vmspikesummary.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "volume_observation",
-      "tier": "draft",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "draft",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "scalar_observation"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/volume_observation.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    },
-    {
-      "class_name": "zarr",
-      "tier": "stable",
-      "class_version": "1.0.0",
-      "maturity_level": "stable",
-      "superclasses": [
-        "base"
-      ],
-      "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/zarr.json",
-      "is_meta": false
-    }
-  ]
+    "set_version": "V_epsilon",
+    "schema_version_value": "V_epsilon",
+    "based_on": "V_delta",
+    "tiers": [
+        "stable",
+        "draft",
+        "deprecated"
+    ],
+    "legacy_schema_version_values": [
+        "did_v1",
+        "V_delta"
+    ],
+    "notes": "Source of truth for class_name uniqueness and tier placement. V_epsilon implements the subject_interaction redesign (observation/manipulation/annotation families, time_reference family, dataseries bodies, reference/expression bodies) as draft/ additions, deprecates the treatment family and virus_injection/subject_group, and re-scopes stimulus_approach/stimulus_bath. Resolution-by-class_name only.",
+    "schemas": [
+        {
+            "class_name": "CURIE_lookups_meta",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": null,
+            "maturity_level": null,
+            "superclasses": [],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/CURIE_lookups_meta.json",
+            "is_meta": true
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "age_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "scalar_observation",
+                "scalar_duration"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/age_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "annotation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "subject_interaction"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/annotation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "app",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/app.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "base",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/base.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "bath",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "pharmacological_manipulation"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/bath.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "behavioral_phenotype_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "categorical_observation",
+                "categorical_concept"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/behavioral_phenotype_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "behavioral_score_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "scalar_observation",
+                "scalar_score"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/behavioral_score_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "binaryseries_parameters",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/binaryseries_parameters.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "binnedspikeratevm",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/binnedspikeratevm.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "biological_transfer",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "procedural_manipulation"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/biological_transfer.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "blood_pressure_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "scalar_observation",
+                "scalar_pressure"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/blood_pressure_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "body_condition_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "scalar_observation",
+                "scalar_score"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_condition_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "body_length_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "scalar_observation",
+                "scalar_length"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_length_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "body_weight_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "scalar_observation",
+                "scalar_mass"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_weight_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "calculator",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "app"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/calculator.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "categorical_concept",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/categorical_concept.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "categorical_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "observation"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/categorical_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "cell_count_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "scalar_observation",
+                "scalar_count"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/cell_count_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "concentration_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "scalar_observation",
+                "scalar_concentration"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/concentration_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "contrast_sensitivity_calc",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "calculator"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/contrast_sensitivity_calc.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "contrast_tuning",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/contrast_tuning.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "contrast_tuning_calc",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "contrast_tuning",
+                "tuning_fit"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/contrast_tuning_calc.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "control_stimulus_ids",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "app"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/control_stimulus_ids.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "core_temperature_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "scalar_observation",
+                "scalar_temperature"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/core_temperature_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "daqmetadatareader",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqmetadatareader.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "daqmetadatareader_epochdata_ingested",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "epochid"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqmetadatareader_epochdata_ingested.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "daqreader",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqreader.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "daqreader_epochdata_ingested",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqreader_epochdata_ingested.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "daqreader_mfdaq_epochdata_ingested",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "daqreader_epochdata_ingested",
+                "epochid"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqreader_mfdaq_epochdata_ingested.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "daqreader_ndr",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "daqreader"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqreader_ndr.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "daqsystem",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/daqsystem.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "dataseries_channel_map",
+            "tier": "draft",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "draft",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/dataseries_channel_map.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "dataseries_data",
+            "tier": "draft",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "draft",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/dataseries_data.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "dataseries_observation",
+            "tier": "draft",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "draft",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "observation"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/dataseries_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "dataseries_pyramid",
+            "tier": "draft",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "draft",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "epochid"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/dataseries_pyramid.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "dataset_remote",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/dataset_remote.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "dataset_session_info",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/dataset_session_info.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "demo_ndi",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/demo_ndi.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "demo_ndi_mock",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/demo_ndi_mock.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "derivation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "manipulation"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/derivation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "developmental_stage_observation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "categorical_observation",
+                "categorical_concept"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/developmental_stage_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "did_schema_meta",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": null,
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+        {
+            "class_name": "stimulus_approach",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "2.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_approach.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "stimulus_bath",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "2.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "bath"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_bath.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "stimulus_manipulation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "manipulation"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_manipulation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "stimulus_parameter",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_parameter.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "stimulus_parameter_table",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_parameter_table.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "stimulus_presentation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "app",
+                "epochid"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_presentation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "stimulus_response",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_response.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "stimulus_response_scalar",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "stimulus_response"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_response_scalar.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "stimulus_response_scalar_parameters",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_response_scalar_parameters.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "stimulus_response_scalar_parameters_basic",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "stimulus_response_scalar_parameters"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_response_scalar_parameters_basic.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "stimulus_tuningcurve",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_tuningcurve.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "subject",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "2.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "subject_assertion",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "subject_statement"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_assertion.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "subject_group",
+            "tier": "deprecated",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "deprecated",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/deprecated/subject_group.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "subject_interaction",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "subject_statement"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_interaction.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "subject_statement",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_statement.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "syncgraph",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/syncgraph.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "syncrule",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/syncrule.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "syncrule_mapping",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/syncrule_mapping.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "temperature_manipulation",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "scalar_manipulation",
+                "scalar_temperature"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/temperature_manipulation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "temporal_frequency_tuning",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/temporal_frequency_tuning.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "temporal_frequency_tuning_calc",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "temporal_frequency_tuning",
+                "tuning_fit"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/temporal_frequency_tuning_calc.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "time_reference",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/time_reference.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "timeseries_data",
+            "tier": "draft",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "draft",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "dataseries_data"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/timeseries_data.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "timeseries_data_binary",
+            "tier": "draft",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "draft",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "timeseries_data"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/timeseries_data_binary.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "timeseries_data_csv",
+            "tier": "draft",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "draft",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "timeseries_data"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/timeseries_data_csv.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "timeseries_data_edf",
+            "tier": "draft",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "draft",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "timeseries_data"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/timeseries_data_edf.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "timeseries_observation",
+            "tier": "draft",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "draft",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "dataseries_observation"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/draft/timeseries_observation.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "treatment",
+            "tier": "deprecated",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "deprecated",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/deprecated/treatment.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "treatment_drug",
+            "tier": "deprecated",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "deprecated",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/deprecated/treatment_drug.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "treatment_transfer",
+            "tier": "deprecated",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "deprecated",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/deprecated/treatment_transfer.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "tuning_fit",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "calculator"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/tuning_fit.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "tuningcurve_calc",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base",
+                "calculator",
+                "stimulus_tuningcurve"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/tuningcurve_calc.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "utc_reference",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "time_reference"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/utc_reference.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "valid_interval",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/valid_interval.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "virus_injection",
+            "tier": "deprecated",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "deprecated",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/deprecated/virus_injection.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "vmneuralresponseresiduals",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/vmneuralresponseresiduals.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "vmspikefilteringparameters",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/vmspikefilteringparameters.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "vmspikefit",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/vmspikefit.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "vmspikesummary",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/vmspikesummary.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        },
+        {
+            "class_name": "zarr",
+            "tier": "stable",
+            "class_version": "1.0.0",
+            "maturity_level": "stable",
+            "superclasses": [
+                "base"
+            ],
+            "path": "schemas/V_epsilon/stable/zarr.json",
+            "is_meta": false
+        }
+    ]
 }
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/age_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/age_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79b8a71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/age_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "age_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_duration"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/annotation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/annotation.json
similarity index 89%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/annotation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/annotation.json
index ad15f7a..9fd130c 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/annotation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/annotation.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "subject_interaction"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft",
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
         "abstract": true
     },
     "depends_on": [],
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/bath.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/bath.json
similarity index 97%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/bath.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/bath.json
index bfef996..fbb4750 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/bath.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/bath.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "pharmacological_manipulation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [],
     "file": [],
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/behavioral_phenotype_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/behavioral_phenotype_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38aa9cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/behavioral_phenotype_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "behavioral_phenotype_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_concept"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/behavioral_score_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/behavioral_score_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0a8536
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/behavioral_score_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "behavioral_score_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_score"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/biological_transfer.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/biological_transfer.json
similarity index 98%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/biological_transfer.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/biological_transfer.json
index 5ba6b92..2bd88f8 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/biological_transfer.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/biological_transfer.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "procedural_manipulation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/blood_pressure_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/blood_pressure_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecae6c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/blood_pressure_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "blood_pressure_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_pressure"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_condition_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_condition_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..398ae49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_condition_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "body_condition_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_score"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_length_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_length_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82fd3c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_length_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "body_length_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_length"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_weight_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_weight_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2a184d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/body_weight_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "body_weight_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_mass"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/categorical_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/categorical_concept.json
similarity index 64%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/categorical_observation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/categorical_concept.json
index d4bcee7..5aa588c 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/categorical_observation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/categorical_concept.json
@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 {
     "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "categorical_observation",
+        "class_name": "categorical_concept",
         "class_version": "1.0.0",
         "superclasses": [
             {
-                "class_name": "observation"
+                "class_name": "base"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
     },
     "depends_on": [],
     "file": [],
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@
         {
             "name": "value",
             "type": "ontology_term",
+            "placement": "concrete_class",
             "blank_value": {
                 "node": "",
                 "name": ""
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@
             "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
             "queryable": true,
             "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "The observed category/class as an ontology term. Admissible terms governed by the binding registry keyed on measured_property.",
+            "documentation": "A bound concept value (shape-library mixin). Placed on the concrete observation class's block (placement: concrete_class), so each categorical observation carries `value` in its own block and categorical_concept contributes no block. Admissible terms governed by the binding registry keyed on measured_property.",
             "constraints": {
                 "binding": {
                     "keyed_by": "measured_property",
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/scalar_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/categorical_observation.json
similarity index 75%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/scalar_observation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/categorical_observation.json
index 4d0c204..eaf1910 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/scalar_observation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/categorical_observation.json
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 {
     "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "scalar_observation",
+        "class_name": "categorical_observation",
         "class_version": "1.0.0",
         "superclasses": [
             {
                 "class_name": "observation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft",
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
         "abstract": true
     },
     "depends_on": [],
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/cell_count_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/cell_count_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d91093
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/cell_count_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "cell_count_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_count"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/concentration_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/concentration_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f6dd9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/concentration_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "concentration_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_concentration"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/core_temperature_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/core_temperature_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a03e212
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/core_temperature_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "core_temperature_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_temperature"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/derivation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/derivation.json
similarity index 98%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/derivation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/derivation.json
index 8fa3a23..c431a38 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/derivation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/derivation.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "manipulation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/developmental_stage_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/developmental_stage_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ace299
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/developmental_stage_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "developmental_stage_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_concept"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/environmental_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/environmental_manipulation.json
similarity index 98%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/environmental_manipulation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/environmental_manipulation.json
index ef40315..ce3932e 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/environmental_manipulation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/environmental_manipulation.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "manipulation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [],
     "file": [],
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/epoch_bounded_reference.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/epoch_bounded_reference.json
similarity index 98%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/epoch_bounded_reference.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/epoch_bounded_reference.json
index 358aab2..ff8cf4a 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/epoch_bounded_reference.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/epoch_bounded_reference.json
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
                 "class_name": "epochid"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/epoch_relative_reference.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/epoch_relative_reference.json
similarity index 99%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/epoch_relative_reference.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/epoch_relative_reference.json
index 24f5b49..e26efbb 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/epoch_relative_reference.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/epoch_relative_reference.json
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
                 "class_name": "epochid"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/estrous_stage_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/estrous_stage_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27ea177
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/estrous_stage_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "estrous_stage_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_concept"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/event_bounded_reference.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/event_bounded_reference.json
similarity index 94%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/event_bounded_reference.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/event_bounded_reference.json
index f250c0c..9f8bf1f 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/event_bounded_reference.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/event_bounded_reference.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "time_reference"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/event_relative_reference.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/event_relative_reference.json
similarity index 98%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/event_relative_reference.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/event_relative_reference.json
index e4fd328..9f44a8b 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/event_relative_reference.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/event_relative_reference.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "time_reference"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/frequency_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/frequency_manipulation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03afc8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/frequency_manipulation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "frequency_manipulation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_manipulation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_frequency"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_categorical_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_categorical_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b73ccae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_categorical_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "generic_categorical_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_concept"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/generic_scalar_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_scalar.json
similarity index 78%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/generic_scalar_manipulation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_scalar.json
index 8b149f8..fa08265 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/generic_scalar_manipulation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_scalar.json
@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 {
     "document_class": {
-        "class_name": "generic_scalar_manipulation",
+        "class_name": "generic_scalar",
         "class_version": "1.0.0",
         "superclasses": [
             {
-                "class_name": "scalar_manipulation"
+                "class_name": "base"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
     },
     "depends_on": [],
     "file": [],
@@ -15,14 +16,16 @@
         {
             "name": "value",
             "type": "structure",
-            "blank_value": {},
-            "default_value": {},
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {}
+            ],
             "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "mustBeScalar": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
             "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
             "queryable": true,
             "ontology": null,
-            "documentation": "Escape-hatch imposed scalar when no typed composite exists yet.",
+            "documentation": "Escape-hatch scalar value (shape-library mixin): source_unit/source_value only, no canonical. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
             "constraints": {},
             "fields": [
                 {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_scalar_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_scalar_manipulation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75e39d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_scalar_manipulation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "generic_scalar_manipulation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_manipulation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "generic_scalar"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_scalar_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_scalar_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a51bd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/generic_scalar_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "generic_scalar_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "generic_scalar"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/group_assignment.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/group_assignment.json
similarity index 96%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/group_assignment.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/group_assignment.json
index 792d467..42a3e2d 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/group_assignment.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/group_assignment.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "annotation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/health_status_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/health_status_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8cbb82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/health_status_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "health_status_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_concept"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/heart_rate_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/heart_rate_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bbaafb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/heart_rate_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "heart_rate_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_frequency"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/injection.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/injection.json
similarity index 99%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/injection.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/injection.json
index 2f47f0f..9ea1d5f 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/injection.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/injection.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "pharmacological_manipulation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [],
     "file": [],
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/interaction_purpose.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/interaction_purpose.json
similarity index 97%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/interaction_purpose.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/interaction_purpose.json
index 64bc8c9..a9cd1da 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/interaction_purpose.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/interaction_purpose.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "base"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/litter_size_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/litter_size_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b85e7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/litter_size_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "litter_size_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_count"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/manipulation.json
similarity index 89%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/manipulation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/manipulation.json
index d06d31f..0022442 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/manipulation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/manipulation.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "subject_interaction"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft",
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
         "abstract": true
     },
     "depends_on": [],
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/membrane_potential_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/membrane_potential_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8ceb4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/membrane_potential_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "membrane_potential_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_voltage"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/observation.json
similarity index 97%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/observation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/observation.json
index c7c5d9b..525e4d8 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/observation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/observation.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "subject_interaction"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft",
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
         "abstract": true
     },
     "depends_on": [],
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/organ_volume_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/organ_volume_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ec04f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/organ_volume_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "organ_volume_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_volume"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/pharmacological_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/pharmacological_manipulation.json
similarity index 98%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/pharmacological_manipulation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/pharmacological_manipulation.json
index 036a447..4996796 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/pharmacological_manipulation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/pharmacological_manipulation.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "manipulation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft",
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
         "abstract": true
     },
     "depends_on": [],
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/pigmentation_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/pigmentation_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51ec34c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/pigmentation_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "pigmentation_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "categorical_concept"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/placement.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/placement.json
similarity index 96%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/placement.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/placement.json
index 9d83326..f34db83 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/placement.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/placement.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "manipulation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/pressure_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/pressure_manipulation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27f878c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/pressure_manipulation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "pressure_manipulation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_manipulation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_pressure"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/procedural_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/procedural_manipulation.json
similarity index 98%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/procedural_manipulation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/procedural_manipulation.json
index b5a2448..3a58ffc 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/procedural_manipulation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/procedural_manipulation.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "manipulation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [],
     "file": [],
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/respiration_rate_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/respiration_rate_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1f41e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/respiration_rate_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "respiration_rate_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_observation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_frequency"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_concentration.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_concentration.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a421f91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_concentration.json
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_concentration",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "concentration",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "approximate": false,
+                    "source_unit": "",
+                    "source_value": 0.0
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed concentration value (shape-library mixin). Identity classes that read or impose a concentration inherit this `value`. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_count.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_count.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b5831a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_count.json
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_count",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "count",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "value": 0,
+                    "unit": {
+                        "node": "",
+                        "name": ""
+                    },
+                    "approximate": false
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed count value (shape-library mixin); value.unit names what is counted. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_current.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_current.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec5f50a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_current.json
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_current",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "current",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "approximate": false,
+                    "source_unit": "",
+                    "source_value": 0.0
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed current value (shape-library mixin). Identity classes that read or impose a current inherit this `value`. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_duration.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_duration.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f7de5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_duration.json
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_duration",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "duration",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "approximate": false,
+                    "source_unit": "",
+                    "source_value": 0.0
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed duration value (shape-library mixin). Identity classes that read or impose a duration inherit this `value`. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_frequency.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_frequency.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70b38fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_frequency.json
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_frequency",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "frequency",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "approximate": false,
+                    "source_unit": "",
+                    "source_value": 0.0
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed frequency value (shape-library mixin). Identity classes that read or impose a frequency inherit this `value`. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_length.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_length.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d7108c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_length.json
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_length",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "length",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "approximate": false,
+                    "source_unit": "",
+                    "source_value": 0.0
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed length value (shape-library mixin). Identity classes that read or impose a length inherit this `value`. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/scalar_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_manipulation.json
similarity index 72%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/scalar_manipulation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_manipulation.json
index 5c7b9b0..14b2561 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/scalar_manipulation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_manipulation.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "manipulation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft",
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
         "abstract": true
     },
     "depends_on": [],
@@ -59,6 +59,19 @@
             "constraints": {
                 "maxLength": 4096
             }
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "sample_time",
+            "type": "duration",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": false,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "Per-sample time offsets from the anchoring time_reference, as an ARRAY of the duration composite, element-aligned with the shape value (len(sample_time) == len(value); enforced as a consumer/tooling check, Series-as-cardinality D3). Empty/absent => a single reading at the anchor (the length-1, offset-0 case).",
+            "constraints": {}
         }
     ]
 }
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_mass.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_mass.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d31fd50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_mass.json
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_mass",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "mass",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "approximate": false,
+                    "source_unit": "",
+                    "source_value": 0.0
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed mass value (shape-library mixin). Identity classes that read or impose a mass inherit this `value`. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_observation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_observation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b6a98b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_observation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_observation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "observation"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "sample_time",
+            "type": "duration",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": false,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "Per-sample time offsets from the anchoring time_reference, as an ARRAY of the duration composite, element-aligned with the shape value (len(sample_time) == len(value); enforced as a consumer/tooling check, Series-as-cardinality D3). Empty/absent => a single reading at the anchor (the length-1, offset-0 case).",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_pressure.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_pressure.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a571e1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_pressure.json
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_pressure",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "pressure",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "approximate": false,
+                    "source_unit": "",
+                    "source_value": 0.0
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed pressure value (shape-library mixin). Identity classes that read or impose a pressure inherit this `value`. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_score.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_score.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b881ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_score.json
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_score",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "score",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "value": 0.0,
+                    "scale": {
+                        "node": "",
+                        "name": ""
+                    },
+                    "scale_min": 0.0,
+                    "scale_max": 0.0,
+                    "approximate": false
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed score value (shape-library mixin); value.scale names the rubric. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_temperature.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_temperature.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..426eea0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_temperature.json
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_temperature",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "temperature",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "approximate": false,
+                    "source_unit": "",
+                    "source_value": 0.0
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed temperature value (shape-library mixin). Identity classes that read or impose a temperature inherit this `value`. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_voltage.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_voltage.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7bca81a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_voltage.json
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_voltage",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "voltage",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "approximate": false,
+                    "source_unit": "",
+                    "source_value": 0.0
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed voltage value (shape-library mixin). Identity classes that read or impose a voltage inherit this `value`. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_volume.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_volume.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d0f421
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/scalar_volume.json
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "scalar_volume",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "volume",
+            "blank_value": [],
+            "default_value": [
+                {
+                    "approximate": false,
+                    "source_unit": "",
+                    "source_value": 0.0
+                }
+            ],
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": false,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "A typed volume value (shape-library mixin). Identity classes that read or impose a volume inherit this `value`. Series-as-cardinality (Brainstorm E Part 2): an ARRAY of the composite; a single reading is the length-1 case, element-aligned with scalar_observation.sample_time.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/session_extent.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/session_extent.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23a84de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/session_extent.json
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "session_extent",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [
+        {
+            "name": "session_id",
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "documentation": "The session whose temporal extent this record declares.",
+            "must_refer_to_document_class": "session"
+        }
+    ],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "start",
+            "type": "timestamp",
+            "blank_value": "",
+            "default_value": "",
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": false,
+            "mustBeScalar": true,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "UTC start of the session (optional; at least one of start/end must be present).",
+            "constraints": {}
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "end",
+            "type": "timestamp",
+            "blank_value": "",
+            "default_value": "",
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": false,
+            "mustBeScalar": true,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "UTC end of the session (optional; at least one of start/end must be present).",
+            "constraints": {}
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "grounding",
+            "type": "char",
+            "blank_value": "declared",
+            "default_value": "declared",
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": true,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "How the extent was determined. 'declared' = curator-asserted (e.g. daq-less session); the others are derived/recomputable from the session's evidence.",
+            "constraints": {
+                "enum": [
+                    "declared",
+                    "epoch_derived",
+                    "reference_derived",
+                    "developmental"
+                ]
+            }
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "is_approximate",
+            "type": "boolean",
+            "blank_value": false,
+            "default_value": false,
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": false,
+            "mustBeScalar": true,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "Binary precision tier for the declared/derived bounds.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/session_relative_reference.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/session_relative_reference.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5da709d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/session_relative_reference.json
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "session_relative_reference",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "time_reference"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [
+        {
+            "name": "session_id",
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "documentation": "The session this reference is ordinally relative to.",
+            "must_refer_to_document_class": "session"
+        }
+    ],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "relation",
+            "type": "char",
+            "blank_value": "",
+            "default_value": "",
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": true,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "Ordinal relation of the interaction to the session, with no metric offset (the case where there is neither a device clock nor a wall-clock date).",
+            "constraints": {
+                "enum": [
+                    "before",
+                    "after",
+                    "at_start_of",
+                    "at_end_of",
+                    "concurrent_with",
+                    "during"
+                ]
+            }
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/stimulus_approach.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_approach.json
similarity index 98%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/stimulus_approach.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_approach.json
index 75039ee..016b1fb 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/stimulus_approach.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_approach.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "base"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/stimulus_bath.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_bath.json
similarity index 93%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/stimulus_bath.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_bath.json
index 1ac1734..56d2f0c 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/stimulus_bath.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_bath.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "bath"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/stimulus_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_manipulation.json
similarity index 96%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/stimulus_manipulation.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_manipulation.json
index 75eb70d..157bb2f 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/stimulus_manipulation.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/stimulus_manipulation.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "manipulation"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [
         {
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_assertion.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_assertion.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31772a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_assertion.json
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "subject_assertion",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "subject_statement"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": [
+        {
+            "name": "asserted_property",
+            "type": "ontology_term",
+            "blank_value": {
+                "node": "",
+                "name": ""
+            },
+            "default_value": {
+                "node": "",
+                "name": ""
+            },
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": true,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "Semantic identity of the asserted, timeless property (e.g. species, strain, sex, genotype).",
+            "constraints": {}
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "value",
+            "type": "ontology_term",
+            "blank_value": {
+                "node": "",
+                "name": ""
+            },
+            "default_value": {
+                "node": "",
+                "name": ""
+            },
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "mustBeScalar": true,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "The asserted value as a bound concept (e.g. an NCBITaxon species term). Typed/date values are a follow-up.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "source",
+            "type": "ontology_term",
+            "blank_value": {
+                "node": "",
+                "name": ""
+            },
+            "default_value": {
+                "node": "",
+                "name": ""
+            },
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": false,
+            "mustBeScalar": true,
+            "mustNotHaveNaN": false,
+            "queryable": true,
+            "ontology": null,
+            "documentation": "Provenance/authority of the assertion (e.g. curator, vendor, openMINDS record). Optional.",
+            "constraints": {}
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/subject_interaction.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_interaction.json
similarity index 68%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/subject_interaction.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_interaction.json
index 9939299..739777d 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/subject_interaction.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_interaction.json
@@ -4,19 +4,13 @@
         "class_version": "1.0.0",
         "superclasses": [
             {
-                "class_name": "base"
+                "class_name": "subject_statement"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft",
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
         "abstract": true
     },
     "depends_on": [
-        {
-            "name": "subject_id",
-            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
-            "documentation": "The subject this interaction involves.",
-            "must_refer_to_document_class": "subject"
-        },
         {
             "name": "time_reference_#",
             "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_statement.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_statement.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1571aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/subject_statement.json
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "subject_statement",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "base"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
+        "abstract": true
+    },
+    "depends_on": [
+        {
+            "name": "subject_id",
+            "mustBeNonEmpty": true,
+            "documentation": "The subject this statement is about.",
+            "must_refer_to_document_class": "subject"
+        }
+    ],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/temperature_manipulation.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/temperature_manipulation.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df0374e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/temperature_manipulation.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+    "document_class": {
+        "class_name": "temperature_manipulation",
+        "class_version": "1.0.0",
+        "superclasses": [
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_manipulation"
+            },
+            {
+                "class_name": "scalar_temperature"
+            }
+        ],
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
+    },
+    "depends_on": [],
+    "file": [],
+    "fields": []
+}
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/time_reference.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/time_reference.json
similarity index 95%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/time_reference.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/time_reference.json
index f151edc..dae6ae8 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/time_reference.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/time_reference.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "base"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft",
+        "maturity_level": "stable",
         "abstract": true
     },
     "depends_on": [],
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/utc_reference.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/utc_reference.json
similarity index 97%
rename from schemas/V_epsilon/draft/utc_reference.json
rename to schemas/V_epsilon/stable/utc_reference.json
index 7b87854..b1401b3 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/draft/utc_reference.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/stable/utc_reference.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
                 "class_name": "time_reference"
             }
         ],
-        "maturity_level": "draft"
+        "maturity_level": "stable"
     },
     "depends_on": [],
     "file": [],
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon/topics.json b/schemas/V_epsilon/topics.json
index f460ca2..f4c2d86 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon/topics.json
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon/topics.json
@@ -1,336 +1,377 @@
 {
-  "set_version": "V_epsilon",
-  "notes": "Topic tree for human navigation in the viewer. Independent of the class/superclass hierarchy and of any schema semantics; intended only to group related schemas by subject area, mirroring the directory layout used by the original NDI-matlab document_data tree. Editing this file does not affect schema validation or document classes. Classes not listed below appear under 'Uncategorized' in the viewer. The top-level 'classes' array holds classes that should appear as bare leaves at the root (no folder); 'topics' holds folder categories. Entries at each level are alphabetized, except that 'base' is pinned as the first top-level entry and 'meta' is pinned as the second.",
-  "classes": [
-    "base"
-  ],
-  "topics": [
-    {
-      "name": "meta",
-      "description": "Meta-schemas and reserved-keyword registries that describe the schema framework itself.",
-      "classes": [
-        "CURIE_lookups_meta",
-        "did_schema_meta",
-        "ndi_reserved_keys"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "annotations",
-      "description": "Annotation families: curatorial classifications such as group membership.",
-      "classes": [
-        "group_assignment",
-        "interaction_purpose"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "apps",
-      "description": "Application-specific documents and demos.",
-      "classes": [
-        "app",
-        "demo_ndi",
-        "demo_ndi_mock",
-        "mock",
-        "pyraview"
-      ],
-      "children": [
+    "set_version": "V_epsilon",
+    "notes": "Topic tree for human navigation in the viewer. Independent of the class/superclass hierarchy and of any schema semantics; intended only to group related schemas by subject area, mirroring the directory layout used by the original NDI-matlab document_data tree. Editing this file does not affect schema validation or document classes. Classes not listed below appear under 'Uncategorized' in the viewer. The top-level 'classes' array holds classes that should appear as bare leaves at the root (no folder); 'topics' holds folder categories. Entries at each level are alphabetized, except that 'base' is pinned as the first top-level entry and 'meta' is pinned as the second.",
+    "classes": [
+        "base"
+    ],
+    "topics": [
         {
-          "name": "markgarbage",
-          "description": "Valid-interval annotations from the markgarbage app.",
-          "classes": [
-            "valid_interval"
-          ]
+            "name": "meta",
+            "description": "Meta-schemas and reserved-keyword registries that describe the schema framework itself.",
+            "classes": [
+                "CURIE_lookups_meta",
+                "did_schema_meta",
+                "ndi_reserved_keys"
+            ]
         },
         {
-          "name": "vhlab_voltage2firingrate",
-          "description": "Vm-to-firing-rate fitting and residuals (vhlab voltage2firingrate app).",
-          "classes": [
-            "vmneuralresponseresiduals",
-            "vmspikefilteringparameters",
-            "vmspikefit",
-            "vmspikesummary"
-          ]
-        }
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "calculators",
-      "description": "Derived-quantity calculator documents (_calc). Most pair with a stimulus-response schema in stimulus/.",
-      "classes": [
-        "calculator",
-        "contrast_sensitivity_calc",
-        "contrast_tuning_calc",
-        "hartley_calc",
-        "oridirtuning_calc",
-        "simple_calc",
-        "spatial_frequency_tuning_calc",
-        "speed_tuning_calc",
-        "temporal_frequency_tuning_calc",
-        "tuning_fit",
-        "tuningcurve_calc"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "daq",
-      "description": "Data acquisition systems, readers, file navigation, sync, and epoch bookkeeping.",
-      "classes": [
-        "daqmetadatareader",
-        "daqmetadatareader_epochdata_ingested",
-        "daqreader",
-        "daqreader_epochdata_ingested",
-        "daqreader_mfdaq_epochdata_ingested",
-        "daqreader_ndr",
-        "daqsystem",
-        "epochclocktimes",
-        "epochfiles_ingested",
-        "epochid",
-        "filenavigator",
-        "oneepoch",
-        "syncgraph",
-        "syncrule",
-        "syncrule_mapping"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "data",
-      "description": "Generic data containers: time series, grids, images, fits, measurements, and generic file/directory wrappers.",
-      "classes": [
-        "binaryseries_parameters",
-        "binnedspikeratevm",
-        "directory",
-        "distance_metadata",
-        "ephys_zarr",
-        "filter",
-        "fitcurve",
-        "generic_file",
-        "image",
-        "image_collection",
-        "image_stack",
-        "image_stack_parameters",
-        "image_zarr",
-        "measurement",
-        "ngrid",
-        "ontology_table_row",
-        "position_metadata",
-        "zarr"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "dataseries_bodies",
-      "description": "Body-of-record documents carrying dataseries and expression/reference payloads.",
-      "classes": [
-        "dataseries_data",
-        "timeseries_data",
-        "imageseries_data",
-        "timeseries_data_csv",
-        "timeseries_data_binary",
-        "timeseries_data_edf",
-        "dataseries_channel_map",
-        "dataseries_pyramid",
-        "instrument",
-        "expression_matrix_data",
-        "expression_matrix_data_h5ad",
-        "expression_matrix_data_mtx",
-        "expression_matrix_data_cellranger_h5",
-        "expression_matrix_data_loom",
-        "expression_matrix_data_counts_table",
-        "expression_matrix_data_gef",
-        "expression_matrix_data_gem",
-        "expression_matrix_data_visium",
-        "expression_matrix_data_mzml",
-        "expression_matrix_data_mztab",
-        "expression_matrix_data_maxquant",
-        "expression_matrix_data_dia_report",
-        "expression_matrix_data_imzml",
-        "reference_data",
-        "reference_sequence_data",
-        "reference_sequence_data_fasta_genome",
-        "reference_sequence_data_fasta_transcriptome",
-        "reference_sequence_data_fasta_protein",
-        "reference_annotation_data",
-        "reference_annotation_data_gtf",
-        "reference_annotation_data_gff3",
-        "sequence_read_data",
-        "sequence_read_data_bam",
-        "sequence_read_data_cram",
-        "sequence_read_data_fastq"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "deprecated",
-      "description": "Classes deprecated in V_epsilon, retained for migration of legacy instances.",
-      "classes": [
-        "projectvar",
-        "subject_group",
-        "treatment",
-        "treatment_drug",
-        "treatment_transfer",
-        "virus_injection"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "element",
-      "description": "Logical recorded elements (channels, neurons) and their epoch data.",
-      "classes": [
-        "element",
-        "element_epoch",
-        "neuron_extracellular"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "manipulations",
-      "description": "Manipulation families: scalar, procedural, pharmacological, environmental, stimulus, placement, and derivation events.",
-      "classes": [
-        "scalar_manipulation",
-        "temperature_manipulation",
-        "pressure_manipulation",
-        "frequency_manipulation",
-        "generic_scalar_manipulation",
-        "procedural_manipulation",
-        "biological_transfer",
-        "environmental_manipulation",
-        "pharmacological_manipulation",
-        "injection",
-        "bath",
-        "stimulus_manipulation",
-        "placement",
-        "derivation"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "metadata",
-      "description": "External-ontology bindings (openMINDS, ontology lookups) and metadata editing.",
-      "classes": [
-        "metadata_editor",
-        "ontology_image",
-        "ontology_label",
-        "openminds",
-        "openminds_element",
-        "openminds_stimulus",
-        "openminds_subject"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "observations",
-      "description": "Observation families: scalar, categorical, dataseries, and expression measurements of subjects.",
-      "classes": [
-        "scalar_observation",
-        "mass_observation",
-        "length_observation",
-        "duration_observation",
-        "temperature_observation",
-        "pressure_observation",
-        "count_observation",
-        "score_observation",
-        "frequency_observation",
-        "volume_observation",
-        "concentration_observation",
-        "generic_scalar_observation",
-        "categorical_observation",
-        "dataseries_observation",
-        "timeseries_observation",
-        "imageseries_observation",
-        "expression_observation",
-        "spatial_expression_observation"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "probe",
-      "description": "Probe geometry, electrode mapping, and physical placement.",
-      "classes": [
-        "electrode_offset_voltage",
-        "probe_geometry",
-        "probe_location",
-        "site2channelmap"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "session",
-      "description": "Sessions, datasets, and project-scope variables.",
-      "classes": [
-        "dataset_remote",
-        "dataset_session_info",
-        "projectvar",
-        "session",
-        "session_in_a_dataset"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "sorting",
-      "description": "Spike extraction, sorting, clusters, and waveforms.",
-      "classes": [
-        "jrclust_clusters",
-        "sorting_parameters",
-        "spike_clusters",
-        "spike_extraction_parameters",
-        "spike_extraction_parameters_modification",
-        "spike_interface_sorting_outputs",
-        "spikewaves"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "stimulus",
-      "description": "Stimulus descriptions, presentations, and stimulus-locked responses.",
-      "classes": [
-        "control_stimulus_ids",
-        "reverse_correlation",
-        "stimulus_approach",
-        "stimulus_bath",
-        "stimulus_parameter",
-        "stimulus_parameter_table",
-        "stimulus_presentation",
-        "stimulus_response",
-        "stimulus_response_scalar",
-        "stimulus_response_scalar_parameters",
-        "stimulus_response_scalar_parameters_basic",
-        "stimulus_tuningcurve"
-      ],
-      "children": [
+            "name": "annotations",
+            "description": "Annotation families: curatorial classifications such as group membership.",
+            "classes": [
+                "group_assignment",
+                "interaction_purpose"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "apps",
+            "description": "Application-specific documents and demos.",
+            "classes": [
+                "app",
+                "demo_ndi",
+                "demo_ndi_mock",
+                "mock",
+                "pyraview"
+            ],
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "name": "markgarbage",
+                    "description": "Valid-interval annotations from the markgarbage app.",
+                    "classes": [
+                        "valid_interval"
+                    ]
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "vhlab_voltage2firingrate",
+                    "description": "Vm-to-firing-rate fitting and residuals (vhlab voltage2firingrate app).",
+                    "classes": [
+                        "vmneuralresponseresiduals",
+                        "vmspikefilteringparameters",
+                        "vmspikefit",
+                        "vmspikesummary"
+                    ]
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "calculators",
+            "description": "Derived-quantity calculator documents (_calc). Most pair with a stimulus-response schema in stimulus/.",
+            "classes": [
+                "calculator",
+                "contrast_sensitivity_calc",
+                "contrast_tuning_calc",
+                "hartley_calc",
+                "oridirtuning_calc",
+                "simple_calc",
+                "spatial_frequency_tuning_calc",
+                "speed_tuning_calc",
+                "temporal_frequency_tuning_calc",
+                "tuning_fit",
+                "tuningcurve_calc"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "daq",
+            "description": "Data acquisition systems, readers, file navigation, sync, and epoch bookkeeping.",
+            "classes": [
+                "daqmetadatareader",
+                "daqmetadatareader_epochdata_ingested",
+                "daqreader",
+                "daqreader_epochdata_ingested",
+                "daqreader_mfdaq_epochdata_ingested",
+                "daqreader_ndr",
+                "daqsystem",
+                "epochclocktimes",
+                "epochfiles_ingested",
+                "epochid",
+                "filenavigator",
+                "oneepoch",
+                "syncgraph",
+                "syncrule",
+                "syncrule_mapping"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "data",
+            "description": "Generic data containers: time series, grids, images, fits, measurements, and generic file/directory wrappers.",
+            "classes": [
+                "binaryseries_parameters",
+                "binnedspikeratevm",
+                "directory",
+                "distance_metadata",
+                "ephys_zarr",
+                "filter",
+                "fitcurve",
+                "generic_file",
+                "image",
+                "image_collection",
+                "image_stack",
+                "image_stack_parameters",
+                "image_zarr",
+                "measurement",
+                "ngrid",
+                "ontology_table_row",
+                "position_metadata",
+                "zarr"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "dataseries_bodies",
+            "description": "Body-of-record documents carrying dataseries and expression/reference payloads.",
+            "classes": [
+                "dataseries_data",
+                "timeseries_data",
+                "imageseries_data",
+                "timeseries_data_csv",
+                "timeseries_data_binary",
+                "timeseries_data_edf",
+                "dataseries_channel_map",
+                "dataseries_pyramid",
+                "instrument",
+                "expression_matrix_data",
+                "expression_matrix_data_h5ad",
+                "expression_matrix_data_mtx",
+                "expression_matrix_data_cellranger_h5",
+                "expression_matrix_data_loom",
+                "expression_matrix_data_counts_table",
+                "expression_matrix_data_gef",
+                "expression_matrix_data_gem",
+                "expression_matrix_data_visium",
+                "expression_matrix_data_mzml",
+                "expression_matrix_data_mztab",
+                "expression_matrix_data_maxquant",
+                "expression_matrix_data_dia_report",
+                "expression_matrix_data_imzml",
+                "reference_data",
+                "reference_sequence_data",
+                "reference_sequence_data_fasta_genome",
+                "reference_sequence_data_fasta_transcriptome",
+                "reference_sequence_data_fasta_protein",
+                "reference_annotation_data",
+                "reference_annotation_data_gtf",
+                "reference_annotation_data_gff3",
+                "sequence_read_data",
+                "sequence_read_data_bam",
+                "sequence_read_data_cram",
+                "sequence_read_data_fastq"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "deprecated",
+            "description": "Classes deprecated in V_epsilon, retained for migration of legacy instances.",
+            "classes": [
+                "projectvar",
+                "subject_group",
+                "treatment",
+                "treatment_drug",
+                "treatment_transfer",
+                "virus_injection"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "element",
+            "description": "Logical recorded elements (channels, neurons) and their epoch data.",
+            "classes": [
+                "element",
+                "element_epoch",
+                "neuron_extracellular"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "manipulations",
+            "description": "Manipulation families: scalar, procedural, pharmacological, environmental, stimulus, placement, and derivation events.",
+            "classes": [
+                "scalar_manipulation",
+                "temperature_manipulation",
+                "pressure_manipulation",
+                "frequency_manipulation",
+                "generic_scalar_manipulation",
+                "procedural_manipulation",
+                "biological_transfer",
+                "environmental_manipulation",
+                "pharmacological_manipulation",
+                "injection",
+                "bath",
+                "stimulus_manipulation",
+                "placement",
+                "derivation"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "metadata",
+            "description": "External-ontology bindings (openMINDS, ontology lookups) and metadata editing.",
+            "classes": [
+                "metadata_editor",
+                "ontology_image",
+                "ontology_label",
+                "openminds",
+                "openminds_element",
+                "openminds_stimulus",
+                "openminds_subject"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "shape_library",
+            "description": "Brainstorm E shared shape library: typed value-composite mixin classes. Identity classes (observations by property, scalar manipulations by action) inherit one of these as a superclass to acquire their typed `value` field.",
+            "classes": [
+                "scalar_mass",
+                "scalar_length",
+                "scalar_duration",
+                "scalar_volume",
+                "scalar_temperature",
+                "scalar_pressure",
+                "scalar_frequency",
+                "scalar_voltage",
+                "scalar_current",
+                "scalar_concentration",
+                "scalar_count",
+                "scalar_score",
+                "generic_scalar",
+                "categorical_concept"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "observations",
+            "description": "Observation families (Brainstorm E): scalar observations named by property, categorical observations named by property, dataseries/image/expression measurements of subjects.",
+            "classes": [
+                "observation",
+                "scalar_observation",
+                "body_weight_observation",
+                "body_length_observation",
+                "age_observation",
+                "core_temperature_observation",
+                "heart_rate_observation",
+                "respiration_rate_observation",
+                "blood_pressure_observation",
+                "litter_size_observation",
+                "cell_count_observation",
+                "body_condition_observation",
+                "behavioral_score_observation",
+                "concentration_observation",
+                "organ_volume_observation",
+                "membrane_potential_observation",
+                "generic_scalar_observation",
+                "categorical_observation",
+                "developmental_stage_observation",
+                "health_status_observation",
+                "behavioral_phenotype_observation",
+                "pigmentation_observation",
+                "estrous_stage_observation",
+                "generic_categorical_observation",
+                "dataseries_observation",
+                "timeseries_observation",
+                "imageseries_observation",
+                "expression_observation",
+                "spatial_expression_observation"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "probe",
+            "description": "Probe geometry, electrode mapping, and physical placement.",
+            "classes": [
+                "electrode_offset_voltage",
+                "probe_geometry",
+                "probe_location",
+                "site2channelmap"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "session",
+            "description": "Sessions, datasets, and project-scope variables.",
+            "classes": [
+                "dataset_remote",
+                "dataset_session_info",
+                "projectvar",
+                "session",
+                "session_in_a_dataset",
+                "session_extent"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "sorting",
+            "description": "Spike extraction, sorting, clusters, and waveforms.",
+            "classes": [
+                "jrclust_clusters",
+                "sorting_parameters",
+                "spike_clusters",
+                "spike_extraction_parameters",
+                "spike_extraction_parameters_modification",
+                "spike_interface_sorting_outputs",
+                "spikewaves"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "stimulus",
+            "description": "Stimulus descriptions, presentations, and stimulus-locked responses.",
+            "classes": [
+                "control_stimulus_ids",
+                "reverse_correlation",
+                "stimulus_approach",
+                "stimulus_bath",
+                "stimulus_parameter",
+                "stimulus_parameter_table",
+                "stimulus_presentation",
+                "stimulus_response",
+                "stimulus_response_scalar",
+                "stimulus_response_scalar_parameters",
+                "stimulus_response_scalar_parameters_basic",
+                "stimulus_tuningcurve"
+            ],
+            "children": [
+                {
+                    "name": "visual",
+                    "description": "Visual-stimulus tuning curves and reverse correlation.",
+                    "classes": [
+                        "contrast_tuning",
+                        "hartley_reverse_correlation",
+                        "orientation_direction_tuning",
+                        "spatial_frequency_tuning",
+                        "speed_tuning",
+                        "temporal_frequency_tuning"
+                    ]
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "subject",
+            "description": "Subjects, subject groups, treatments, and interventions.",
+            "classes": [
+                "subject",
+                "subject_group",
+                "treatment",
+                "treatment_drug",
+                "virus_injection"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "subject_statement",
+            "description": "Timeless documented claims about a subject (Subject_Statement_Decision): the abstract subject_statement supertype and the concrete subject_assertion (asserted_property + value + source).",
+            "classes": [
+                "subject_statement",
+                "subject_assertion"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "subject_interaction",
+            "description": "The unified subject_interaction spine and its observation/manipulation/annotation tiers.",
+            "classes": [
+                "subject_interaction",
+                "observation",
+                "manipulation",
+                "annotation"
+            ]
+        },
         {
-          "name": "visual",
-          "description": "Visual-stimulus tuning curves and reverse correlation.",
-          "classes": [
-            "contrast_tuning",
-            "hartley_reverse_correlation",
-            "orientation_direction_tuning",
-            "spatial_frequency_tuning",
-            "speed_tuning",
-            "temporal_frequency_tuning"
-          ]
+            "name": "time_reference",
+            "description": "Time reference documents that locate interactions in time.",
+            "classes": [
+                "time_reference",
+                "utc_reference",
+                "event_relative_reference",
+                "epoch_relative_reference",
+                "epoch_bounded_reference",
+                "event_bounded_reference",
+                "session_relative_reference"
+            ]
         }
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "subject",
-      "description": "Subjects, subject groups, treatments, and interventions.",
-      "classes": [
-        "subject",
-        "subject_group",
-        "treatment",
-        "treatment_drug",
-        "virus_injection"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "subject_interaction",
-      "description": "The unified subject_interaction spine and its observation/manipulation/annotation tiers.",
-      "classes": [
-        "subject_interaction",
-        "observation",
-        "manipulation",
-        "annotation"
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      "name": "time_reference",
-      "description": "Time reference documents that locate interactions in time.",
-      "classes": [
-        "time_reference",
-        "utc_reference",
-        "event_relative_reference",
-        "epoch_relative_reference",
-        "epoch_bounded_reference",
-        "event_bounded_reference"
-      ]
-    }
-  ]
+    ]
 }
diff --git a/schemas/V_epsilon_SPEC.md b/schemas/V_epsilon_SPEC.md
index c774198..d0a377d 100644
--- a/schemas/V_epsilon_SPEC.md
+++ b/schemas/V_epsilon_SPEC.md
@@ -54,20 +54,28 @@ while V_epsilon remains a sandbox.
 
 ### 1. The `subject_interaction` spine (new, `draft/`)
 
-A three-tier abstract hierarchy unifying everything that happens to a
-subject:
+A hierarchy unifying everything documented about a subject. The shared
+anchor is lifted to an abstract **`subject_statement`** supertype
+(`Subject_Statement_Decision.md`), so timeless claims and timed events
+share `subject_id` and one `isa subject_statement` query:
 
 ```
-subject_interaction   (abstract)   depends_on: subject_id, time_reference (>=1)
-├── observation        (abstract)   fields: measured_property, target_structure
-├── manipulation       (abstract)
-└── annotation         (abstract)
+subject_statement     (abstract)   depends_on: subject_id          ← any claim about a subject
+├── subject_assertion  (concrete)   fields: asserted_property, value, source   ← timeless facts
+└── subject_interaction(abstract)   depends_on: time_reference (>=1)           ← timed events
+    ├── observation    (abstract)   fields: measured_property, target_structure
+    ├── manipulation   (abstract)
+    └── annotation     (abstract)
 ```
 
-- `subject_interaction` inherits from `base`. Its dependencies are
-  `subject_id` (required, → `subject`) and `time_reference_#` (required,
-  `multiple: true`, → the abstract `time_reference` class — the same
-  moment may be expressed in several reference frames).
+- `subject_statement` owns `subject_id` (required, → `subject`). Timing is
+  the split between the two subtrees: `subject_assertion` is **timeless**
+  (no `time_reference`); `subject_interaction` adds `time_reference_#`
+  (required, `multiple: true`). Subclasses tighten, never relax — so the
+  timeless concept lives on the parent, the timed one on the child.
+- `subject_assertion` is the home for timeless asserted facts (species,
+  strain, sex, genotype). One generic class: `asserted_property` + `value`
+  + `source`. (Typed/date values are a follow-up.)
 - There is **no `direction` field**: class membership in
   `observation` / `manipulation` / `annotation` carries that information,
   and `isa` queries replace `direction`-filter queries.
@@ -78,16 +86,17 @@ subject_interaction   (abstract)   depends_on: subject_id, time_reference (>=1)
 ### 2. Timing as a dependency: the `time_reference` family (new, `draft/`)
 
 Timing is a referenced document, not an inline field. The abstract
-`time_reference` (← `base`, field `is_approximate`) has five concrete
+`time_reference` (← `base`, field `is_approximate`) has these concrete
 subclasses:
 
 | class | extends | carries |
 |---|---|---|
 | `utc_reference` | `time_reference` | `start` (timestamp, req), `end` (timestamp, opt ⇒ interval) |
-| `event_relative_reference` | `time_reference` | dep `reference_event` → `subject_interaction`; `start`/`end` as signed `duration` offsets |
+| `event_relative_reference` | `time_reference` | dep `reference_event` → `subject_interaction`; `start`/`end` as signed `duration` offsets (metric) |
 | `epoch_relative_reference` | `time_reference`, `epochid` | dep `element_id` → `element`; `epoch_clock`, `t0`, `start`, `end` |
 | `epoch_bounded_reference` | `time_reference`, `epochid` | dep `element_id` → `element`; `epoch_clock` (extent = the named epoch) |
 | `event_bounded_reference` | `time_reference` | dep `bounding_event` → `subject_interaction` |
+| `session_relative_reference` | `time_reference` | dep `session_id` → `session`; `relation` enum {before, after, at_start_of, at_end_of, concurrent_with, during} — **ordinal, no metric**; for interactions with neither a device clock nor a wall-clock date (e.g. an awake behavioral test "at the end of the session") |
 
 `epoch_clock` is a `char` constrained to the NDI-matlab clocktype set
 (carried as an advisory `binding` in `constraints`). The former
@@ -97,16 +106,51 @@ two epoch reference classes.
 
 ### 3. Observation families (new, `draft/`)
 
-- `scalar_observation` (abstract, ← `observation`) with one typed-composite
-  concrete subclass per quantity: `mass_observation`, `length_observation`,
-  `duration_observation`, `temperature_observation`, `pressure_observation`,
-  `count_observation`, `score_observation`, `frequency_observation`,
-  `volume_observation`, `concentration_observation`, plus the escape hatch
-  `generic_scalar_observation` (untyped `{source_unit, source_value,
-  approximate}`).
-- `categorical_observation` (concrete, ← `observation`): one generic class
-  whose `value` is an `ontology_term`, admissible set governed by the
-  binding registry keyed on `measured_property`.
+- **Shape library (Brainstorm E, abstract mixins ← `base`).** The typed
+  value-composites are promoted to named classes that *own* the `value` field
+  and are mixed into the identity classes as a second superclass:
+  `scalar_mass`, `scalar_length`, `scalar_duration`, `scalar_volume`,
+  `scalar_temperature`, `scalar_pressure`, `scalar_frequency`, `scalar_voltage`,
+  `scalar_current`, `scalar_concentration`, `scalar_count`, `scalar_score`,
+  `generic_scalar` (source-only struct), and `categorical_concept`
+  (`ontology_term` + advisory binding). The **same** shape class is inherited by
+  the observation that reads it and the manipulation that imposes it (e.g.
+  `scalar_temperature` ← `core_temperature_observation` *and*
+  `temperature_manipulation`), so `value` is defined once and
+  `isa scalar_temperature` sweeps both tiers. The scalar mixins host `value` in
+  their own block (default placement). **Series-as-cardinality (Part 2, rolled
+  out):** every scalar mixin's `value` is an **array** of its composite
+  (`mustBeScalar: false`) — a single reading is the length-1 case, a curve is
+  length N of the *same* class — and the `scalar_observation` /
+  `scalar_manipulation` genera carry a parallel `sample_time` array (offsets
+  from the anchoring `time_reference`, element-aligned with `value`; the
+  `len(value) == len(sample_time)` invariant is a consumer/tooling check, not a
+  meta-schema keyword). `categorical_concept` is the one
+  exception to the hosting rule: its `value` declares `placement: concrete_class`,
+  so each categorical observation carries `value` in its **own** block and
+  `categorical_concept` contributes no block — this keeps a single `value` per
+  concrete class even when a class wants to narrow the term's admissible root.
+- `scalar_observation` (abstract genus, ← `observation`) — shape is only an
+  `isa` umbrella; the concrete classes under it are named by the **property
+  observed** (Brainstorm E) and acquire their typed `value` by also inheriting
+  the matching shape mixin (`class isa scalar_observation, scalar_<unit>`):
+  `body_weight_observation`/`organ_volume_observation` (mass/volume),
+  `body_length_observation` (length), `age_observation` (duration),
+  `core_temperature_observation` (temperature), `heart_rate_observation`/
+  `respiration_rate_observation` (frequency), `blood_pressure_observation`
+  (pressure), `litter_size_observation`/`cell_count_observation` (count),
+  `body_condition_observation`/`behavioral_score_observation` (score),
+  `concentration_observation` (concentration), `membrane_potential_observation`
+  (voltage), plus the escape hatch `generic_scalar_observation`
+  (← `generic_scalar`).
+- `categorical_observation` (abstract genus, ← `observation`): concrete classes
+  named by the **property observed**, each with an `ontology_term` `value`
+  governed by the binding registry — `developmental_stage_observation` (life /
+  developmental stage under `UBERON:0000105`, by convention),
+  `health_status_observation`,
+  `behavioral_phenotype_observation`, `pigmentation_observation`,
+  `estrous_stage_observation`, plus the escape hatch
+  `generic_categorical_observation` (free `ontology_term`, no binding).
 - `dataseries_observation` (abstract genus, ← `observation`) carrying the
   `axes[]` + `channels[]` header, with two **concrete** sub-genera:
   `timeseries_observation` (ordering-only axes → traces) and
@@ -234,3 +278,17 @@ copy `schemas/V_epsilon/` to `schemas/V1/`, freeze it, replace the
 `"V_epsilon"` value in `schema_version` fields and `index.json`, and tag
 the repository. Before promotion, the `draft/` families are expected to be
 exercised against real curations and re-tiered to `stable/`.
+
+**Tier status.** The Brainstorm-E migration families — the
+`subject_interaction` spine, the `time_reference` family, the scalar/
+categorical observation tiers and their shape mixins, the manipulation
+tiers, and the annotation/event classes (`group_assignment`, `placement`,
+`derivation`, `session_extent`, `interaction_purpose`, `stimulus_approach`)
+— have been **promoted to `stable/`** after running clean against the
+discovery corpora (0 quarantine). The section headers below still read
+"new, `draft/`" to record where each family was *added*; `index.json` is
+the authoritative tier placement. The genomics/omics + file-backed
+dataseries data-format families (`expression_*`, `sequence_read_data_*`,
+`reference_sequence_data_*` / `reference_annotation_data_*`, `dataseries_*`
+/ `timeseries_*` / `imageseries_*`, `instrument`) remain in `draft/` as a
+separate effort not exercised by the physiology corpora.
diff --git a/tests/test_series_cardinality.py b/tests/test_series_cardinality.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2e0c17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_series_cardinality.py
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+"""Series-as-cardinality tests (Brainstorm E, Part 2).
+
+After the step-2 rollout, series-as-cardinality is a property of the SHAPE
+MIXINS, not a single prototype class:
+- every scalar shape mixin (`scalar_temperature`, `scalar_mass`, ...) declares
+  `value` as an array of typed composites (mustBeScalar: false, D1/D4), and
+- the `scalar_observation` / `scalar_manipulation` genera carry the parallel
+  `sample_time` array.
+So a concrete class like `core_temperature_observation` inherits the
+cardinality form (its own `fields` are empty); a single reading is the length-1
+case. The element-aligned-length invariant `len(value) == len(sample_time)`
+(D3) is a consumer/tooling check (JSON Schema cannot express it on one field),
+shipped here.
+
+See Series_As_Cardinality_Proposal.md for the design.
+"""
+
+import json
+import os
+
+REPO_ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
+DRAFT = os.path.join(REPO_ROOT, "schemas", "V_epsilon", "draft")
+STABLE = os.path.join(REPO_ROOT, "schemas", "V_epsilon", "stable")
+EXAMPLES = os.path.join(REPO_ROOT, "schemas", "V_epsilon", "examples")
+EXAMPLE_DOC = os.path.join(EXAMPLES, "core_temperature_observation_series.json")
+
+
+def _schema_path(name):
+    """Locate a class schema by name across tiers (stable or draft).
+
+    The series classes were promoted draft -> stable; resolving by tier
+    keeps this test correct regardless of which tier a class lives in.
+    """
+    for tier in (STABLE, DRAFT):
+        p = os.path.join(tier, name + ".json")
+        if os.path.exists(p):
+            return p
+    raise FileNotFoundError(name + ".json (stable or draft)")
+
+SCALAR_MIXINS = [
+    "scalar_mass", "scalar_length", "scalar_duration", "scalar_volume",
+    "scalar_temperature", "scalar_pressure", "scalar_frequency", "scalar_voltage",
+    "scalar_current", "scalar_concentration", "scalar_count", "scalar_score",
+    "generic_scalar",
+]
+
+
+def _load(path):
+    with open(path) as f:
+        return json.load(f)
+
+
+def _field(schema, name):
+    for fld in schema.get("fields", []):
+        if fld.get("name") == name:
+            return fld
+    return None
+
+
+def check_series_lengths(doc, value_path=("scalar_temperature", "value"),
+                         time_path=("scalar_observation", "sample_time")):
+    """Consumer/tooling check for D3: the per-sample arrays are element-aligned.
+
+    Returns a list of error strings (empty == valid). This is the validator
+    JSON Schema cannot express, because it spans two fields. sample_time is
+    optional (a single reading may omit it); the length check applies only
+    when it is present.
+    """
+    errors = []
+    vblock, vname = value_path
+    tblock, tname = time_path
+    value = doc.get(vblock, {}).get(vname)
+    sample_time = doc.get(tblock, {}).get(tname)
+    if not isinstance(value, list):
+        errors.append(f"{vblock}.{vname} must be an array (series-as-cardinality)")
+    if sample_time is not None:
+        if not isinstance(sample_time, list):
+            errors.append(f"{tblock}.{tname} must be an array (series-as-cardinality)")
+        elif isinstance(value, list) and len(value) != len(sample_time):
+            errors.append(
+                f"len({vname})={len(value)} != len({tname})={len(sample_time)} "
+                "(arrays must be element-aligned)"
+            )
+    return errors
+
+
+class TestSeriesSchema:
+    def test_every_scalar_mixin_value_is_an_array(self):
+        for m in SCALAR_MIXINS:
+            schema = _load(_schema_path(m))
+            value = _field(schema, "value")
+            assert value is not None, f"{m} must declare value"
+            assert value["mustBeScalar"] is False, \
+                f"{m}.value must be an array (series-as-cardinality)"
+
+    def test_sample_time_is_array_of_duration_on_genus(self):
+        for genus in ("scalar_observation", "scalar_manipulation"):
+            schema = _load(_schema_path(genus))
+            st = _field(schema, "sample_time")
+            assert st is not None, f"{genus} must declare sample_time"
+            assert st["type"] == "duration"
+            assert st["mustBeScalar"] is False, "sample_time must be an array"
+
+    def test_concrete_temperature_class_inherits_the_shape(self):
+        # The concrete property class no longer overrides value/sample_time;
+        # it inherits the array form from scalar_temperature / scalar_observation.
+        schema = _load(_schema_path("core_temperature_observation"))
+        assert _field(schema, "value") is None
+        assert _field(schema, "sample_time") is None
+
+
+class TestSeriesExampleDocument:
+    def test_example_exists_and_parses(self):
+        assert os.path.exists(EXAMPLE_DOC)
+        _load(EXAMPLE_DOC)
+
+    def test_example_is_array_of_structures(self):
+        doc = _load(EXAMPLE_DOC)
+        value = doc["scalar_temperature"]["value"]
+        assert isinstance(value, list) and len(value) >= 1
+        for sample in value:
+            assert isinstance(sample, dict) and "celsius" in sample, (
+                "value must be an array OF COMPOSITES (structures), not a bare "
+                "numeric matrix, so existential [*] search stays available (D4)"
+            )
+
+    def test_example_satisfies_length_invariant(self):
+        doc = _load(EXAMPLE_DOC)
+        assert check_series_lengths(doc) == []
+
+    def test_length_mismatch_is_caught(self):
+        doc = _load(EXAMPLE_DOC)
+        doc["scalar_observation"]["sample_time"].pop()  # break alignment
+        errors = check_series_lengths(doc)
+        assert errors and "element-aligned" in errors[0]
+
+    def test_single_reading_is_cardinality_one(self):
+        """A spot reading is the length-1 case of the same class."""
+        doc = _load(EXAMPLE_DOC)
+        doc["scalar_temperature"]["value"] = [{"celsius": 37.0}]
+        doc["scalar_observation"]["sample_time"] = [{"seconds": 0}]
+        assert check_series_lengths(doc) == []